数据库的行列转换终极方案

 

 

Create Table TEST
(DATES Varchar(6),
 EMPNO Varchar(5),
 STYPE Varchar(1),
 AMOUNT Int)
--插入數據
Insert TEST Select '200605',  '02436',     'A',        5
Union All Select '200605',  '02436',     'B',        3
Union All Select '200605',  '02436',     'C',        3
Union All Select '200605',  '02436',     'D',        2
Union All Select '200605',  '02436',     'E',        9
Union All Select '200605',  '02436',     'F',        7
Union All Select '200605',  '02436',     'G',        6
Union All Select '200605',  '02438',     'A',        7
Union All Select '200605',  '02438',     'B',        8
Union All Select '200605',  '02438',     'C',        0
Union All Select '200605',  '02438',     'D',        3
Union All Select '200605',  '02438',     'E',        4
Union All Select '200605',  '02438',     'F',        5
Union All Select '200605',  '02438',     'G',        1
GO

select * from TEST

--測試
--如果STYPE固定，可以這麼寫
Select
DATES,
EMPNO,
SUM(Case STYPE When 'A' Then AMOUNT Else 0 End) As A,
SUM(Case STYPE When 'B' Then AMOUNT Else 0 End) As B,
SUM(Case STYPE When 'C' Then AMOUNT Else 0 End) As C,
SUM(Case STYPE When 'D' Then AMOUNT Else 0 End) As D,
SUM(Case STYPE When 'E' Then AMOUNT Else 0 End) As E,
SUM(Case STYPE When 'F' Then AMOUNT Else 0 End) As F,
SUM(Case STYPE When 'G' Then AMOUNT Else 0 End) As G
From TEST
Group By DATES,EMPNO
Order By DATES,EMPNO

--如果STYPE不固定，用動態語句
Declare @S Varchar(1000)
Set @S=''
Select @S=@S+',SUM(Case STYPE When '''+STYPE+''' Then AMOUNT Else 0 End) As '+STYPE From (Select Distinct STYPE From TEST) A Order By STYPE
Set @S='Select DATES,EMPNO'+@S+' From TEST Group By DATES,EMPNO Order By DATES,EMPNO'
EXEC(@S)
GO
--如果被转置的是数字类型的话，应用下列语句
DECLARE @S VARCHAR(1000)
SET @S='SELECT DATES,EMPNO '
SELECT @S=@S+',['+STYPE+']=SUM(CASE WHEN STYPE='''+STYPE+''' THEN AMOUNT ELSE 0 END)'
FROM (Select Distinct STYPE From TEST) A Order By STYPE
SET @S=@S+' FROM TEST GROUP BY DATES,EMPNO'
EXEC(@S)

--如果是列转行的话直接Union All就可以了

--例如 ：

--city style      color 46 48 50 52
--长沙 S6MF01002   152  1  2  2 1
--长沙 S6MF01002   201  1  2  2 1
--上面到下面的样子
--city   style          color size qty
--长沙 S6MF01002       152    46  1
--长沙 S6MF01002       152    48   2
--长沙 S6MF01002       152    50   2
--长沙 S6MF01002       152    52  1
--长沙 S6MF01002       201    46  1
--长沙 S6MF01002       201    48  2
--长沙 S6MF01002       201    50  2
--长沙 S6MF01002       201    52  1

Select City,Style,Color,size From Test
Union all
Select City,Style,Color,size From Test
Union all
Select City,Style,Color,size From Test
Union all
Select City,Style,Color,size From Test