Android 对全局程序异常崩溃的捕捉

以下为异常捕捉处理代码：

    import java.io.BufferedReader;      import java.io.File;      import java.io.FileInputStream;      import java.io.FileNotFoundException;      import java.io.FileOutputStream;      import java.io.IOException;      import java.io.InputStreamReader;      import java.io.PrintWriter;      import java.io.StringWriter;      import java.io.Writer;      import java.lang.Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler;      import java.lang.reflect.Field;      import java.text.DateFormat;      import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;      import java.util.Date;      import java.util.HashMap;      import java.util.Map;            import android.content.Context;      import android.content.pm.PackageInfo;      import android.content.pm.PackageManager;      import android.content.pm.PackageManager.NameNotFoundException;      import android.os.Build;      import android.os.Environment;      import android.os.Looper;      import android.util.Log;      import android.widget.Toast;                /**        * UncaughtException处理类,当程序发生Uncaught异常的时候,有该类来接管程序,并记录发送错误报告.       *       *  需要在Application中注册，为了要在程序启动器就监控整个程序。      */          public class CrashHandler implements UncaughtExceptionHandler {                            public static final String TAG = "CrashHandler";                            //系统默认的UncaughtException处理类               private Thread.UncaughtExceptionHandler mDefaultHandler;              //CrashHandler实例              private static CrashHandler instance;         //程序的Context对象              private Context mContext;              //用来存储设备信息和异常信息              private Map<String, String> infos = new HashMap<String, String>();                        //用于格式化日期,作为日志文件名的一部分              private DateFormat formatter = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss");                        /** 保证只有一个CrashHandler实例 */              private CrashHandler() {}                        /** 获取CrashHandler实例 ,单例模式 */              public static CrashHandler getInstance() {                  if(instance == null)                  instance = new CrashHandler();                 return instance;              }                        /**            * 初始化            */              public void init(Context context) {                  mContext = context;                  //获取系统默认的UncaughtException处理器                  mDefaultHandler = Thread.getDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler();                  //设置该CrashHandler为程序的默认处理器                  Thread.setDefaultUncaughtExceptionHandler(this);              }                        /**            * 当UncaughtException发生时会转入该函数来处理            */              @Override              public void uncaughtException(Thread thread, Throwable ex) {                  if (!handleException(ex) && mDefaultHandler != null) {                      //如果用户没有处理则让系统默认的异常处理器来处理                      mDefaultHandler.uncaughtException(thread, ex);                  } else {                      try {                          Thread.sleep(3000);                      } catch (InterruptedException e) {                          Log.e(TAG, "error : ", e);                      }                      //退出程序                      android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());                      System.exit(1);                  }              }                        /**            * 自定义错误处理,收集错误信息 发送错误报告等操作均在此完成.            *             * @param ex            * @return true:如果处理了该异常信息;否则返回false.            */              private boolean handleException(Throwable ex) {                  if (ex == null) {                      return false;                  }                  //收集设备参数信息                   collectDeviceInfo(mContext);                                //使用Toast来显示异常信息                  new Thread() {                      @Override                      public void run() {                          Looper.prepare();                          Toast.makeText(mContext, "很抱歉,程序出现异常,即将退出.", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                          Looper.loop();                      }                  }.start();                  //保存日志文件                   saveCatchInfo2File(ex);                return true;              }                            /**            * 收集设备参数信息            * @param ctx            */              public void collectDeviceInfo(Context ctx) {                  try {                      PackageManager pm = ctx.getPackageManager();                      PackageInfo pi = pm.getPackageInfo(ctx.getPackageName(), PackageManager.GET_ACTIVITIES);                      if (pi != null) {                          String versionName = pi.versionName == null ? "null" : pi.versionName;                          String versionCode = pi.versionCode + "";                          infos.put("versionName", versionName);                          infos.put("versionCode", versionCode);                      }                  } catch (NameNotFoundException e) {                      Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect package info", e);                  }                  Field[] fields = Build.class.getDeclaredFields();                  for (Field field : fields) {                      try {                          field.setAccessible(true);                          infos.put(field.getName(), field.get(null).toString());                          Log.d(TAG, field.getName() + " : " + field.get(null));                      } catch (Exception e) {                          Log.e(TAG, "an error occured when collect crash info", e);                      }                  }              }                        /**            * 保存错误信息到文件中            *             * @param ex            * @return  返回文件名称,便于将文件传送到服务器            */              private String saveCatchInfo2File(Throwable ex) {                                    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();                  for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : infos.entrySet()) {                      String key = entry.getKey();                      String value = entry.getValue();                      sb.append(key + "=" + value + "\n");                  }                                    Writer writer = new StringWriter();                  PrintWriter printWriter = new PrintWriter(writer);                  ex.printStackTrace(printWriter);                  Throwable cause = ex.getCause();                  while (cause != null) {                      cause.printStackTrace(printWriter);                      cause = cause.getCause();                  }                  printWriter.close();                  String result = writer.toString();                  sb.append(result);                  try {                      long timestamp = System.currentTimeMillis();                      String time = formatter.format(new Date());                      String fileName = "crash-" + time + "-" + timestamp + ".log";                      if (Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)) {                          String path = "/mnt/sdcard/crash/";                          File dir = new File(path);                          if (!dir.exists()) {                              dir.mkdirs();                          }                          FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(path + fileName);                          fos.write(sb.toString().getBytes());                        //发送给开发人员                      sendCrashLog2PM(path+fileName);                      fos.close();                      }                      return fileName;                  } catch (Exception e) {                      Log.e(TAG, "an error occured while writing file...", e);                  }                  return null;              }                        /**          * 将捕获的导致崩溃的错误信息发送给开发人员          *           * 目前只将log日志保存在sdcard 和输出到LogCat中，并未发送给后台。          */          private void sendCrashLog2PM(String fileName){              if(!new File(fileName).exists()){                  Toast.makeText(mContext, "日志文件不存在！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();                  return;              }              FileInputStream fis = null;              BufferedReader reader = null;              String s = null;              try {                  fis = new FileInputStream(fileName);                  reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(fis, "GBK"));                  while(true){                      s = reader.readLine();                      if(s == null) break;                      //由于目前尚未确定以何种方式发送，所以先打出log日志。                      Log.i("info", s.toString());                  }              } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {                  e.printStackTrace();              } catch (IOException e) {                  e.printStackTrace();              }finally{   // 关闭流                  try {                      reader.close();                      fis.close();                  } catch (IOException e) {                      e.printStackTrace();                  }              }          }      }      

针对异常的捕捉要进行全局监控整个项目，所以要将其在Application中注册(也就是初始化)：

    import android.app.Application;            public class CrashApplication extends Application {                @Override          public void onCreate() {              super.onCreate();              CrashHandler catchHandler = CrashHandler.getInstance();              catchHandler.init(getApplicationContext());          }      }  

现在模拟一个空指针异常：

    import android.app.Activity;      import android.os.Bundle;            public class CatchExceptionLogActivity extends Activity {          /** Called when the activity is first created. */          private String s;          @Override          public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {              super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);              setContentView(R.layout.main);              System.out.println(s.equals("hello"));  // s没有进行赋值，所以会出现NullPointException异常          }      }  

别忘了在配置文件中对Application进行注册：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"      package="com.forms.catchlog"      android:versionCode="1"      android:versionName="1.0" >      <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />      <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>              <application          android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"          android:label="@string/app_name"           <span style="color:#ff0000;">android:name=".CrashApplication"></span>          <activity              android:label="@string/app_name"              android:name=".CatchExceptionLogActivity" >              <intent-filter >                  <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />                    <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />              </intent-filter>          </activity>      </application>    </manifest>