重新开始学习apue

最近半年其实学习挺乱的，一阵子学习linux，一阵子学习ruby，rails，最近还折腾了考研。哎~！太乱了。

经过深思熟虑，觉得还是不能考研，毕竟经济状况不允许，算了，还是好好折腾我的技术吧。考虑良久，觉得自己学习太过散，应该选一个方面一直深入下去。

感觉自己还算喜欢linux和ruby，那么，从今天开始，深入学习他们。

apue第三次学习了，奈何前两次都没看完。第一次看了600多页，第二次也看了400多页左右，中途都是因为其他的事转移了注意力，同学说我没有定性，什么东西都坚持不到底。特写篇博文告诫自己，要以此为此，给他们看看，其实，我也能把一件事坚持下来。

好吧，下面我把apue的环境搭一下。

因为apue这书，基本上每个程序都引用apue.h。故整理了下面的资料：

--------------------------apue.h-------------------------------------------

/*************************************************** *                                                 * *   @Author:liuyx                                 * *   Date: 2013年 10月 17日 星期四 10:28:13 CST   * *   CopyRight: liuyx's company                    * *                                                 * *                                                 * *                                                 * **************************************************/#ifndef _APUE_H#define _APUE_H#define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600  /* Single UNIX Specification Version 3 */#include <sys/types.h> /* some system still require this */#include <sys/stat.h>#include <sys/termios.h>#ifndef TIOCGWINSZ#include <sys/ioctl.h>#endif#include <stdio.h> /* for convenience */#include <stdlib.h> /* for convenience */#include <stddef.h> /* for offset of */#include <string.h> /* for convenience */#include <unistd.h> /* for convenience */#include <signal.h> /* for SIG_ERR */#define MAXLINE 4096 /* max line length *//* Default file access permissions for new lines */#define FILE_MODE (S_IRUSR | S_IWUSR | S_IRGRP | S_IROTH)/* Default permissions for new directories */#define DIR_MODE (FILE_MODE | S_IXUSR | S_IXGRP | S_IXOTH)typedef void Sigfunc(int); /* for signal handlers */#if defined(SIG_IGN) && !defined(SIG_ERR)#define SIG_ERR ((Sigfunc *)-1)#endif#define min(a,b) ((a) < (b) ? (a) : (b))#define max(a,b) ((a) > (b) ? (a) : (b))/* Prototypes for our own functions */char *path_alloc(int *);   /* Figure 2.15 */long open_max(void);       /* Figure 2.16 */ void clr_fl(int,int);      /* Figure 3.11 */void set_fl(int,int);      /* Figure 3.11 */void pr_exit(int);         /* Figure 8.5 */void pr_mask(const char *);/* Figure 10.14 */Sigfunc *signal_intr(int,Sigfunc *);int tty_cbreak(int);int tty_raw(int);int tty_reset(int);void tty_atexit(void);#ifdef ECHO /* only if <termios.h> has been included */struct termios *tty_termios(void);#endifvoid sleep_us(unsigned int);ssize_t readn(int, void *, size_t);ssize_t writen(int, const void *, size_t);void daemonize(const char *);int s_pipe(int *);int recv_fd(int, ssize_t (*func)(int, const void *, size_t));int send_fd(int,int);int send_err(int,int,const char *);int serv_listen(const char *);int serv_accept(int, uid_t *);int cli_conn(const char *);int buf_args(char *, int (*func)(int, char **));int ptym_open(char *, int);int ptys_open(char *);#ifdef TIOCGWINSZpid_t pty_fork(int *, char *, int, const struct termios *, const struct winsize *);#endifint lock_reg(int, int, int, off_t, int, off_t);#define read_lock(fd,offset, whence, len) \lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))#define readw_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))#define write_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \lock_reg(fd, F_SETLK, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))#define writew_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \lock_reg((fd), F_SETLKW, F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))#define un_lock(fd, offset, whence, len) \lock_reg((fd), F_SETLK, F_UNLCK, (offset), (whence), (len))pid_t lock_test(int, int, off_t, int, off_t);#define is_read_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \(lock_test((fd), F_RDLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)#define is_write_lockable(fd, offset, whence, len) \(lock_test((fd), F_WRLCK, (offset), (whence), (len)) == 0)void err_dump(const char *, ...);void err_msg(const char *, ...);void err_quit(const char *, ...);void err_exit(int, const char *, ...);void err_ret(const char *, ...);void err_sys(const char *, ...);void log_msg(const char *, ...);void log_open(const char *, int, int);void log_quit(const char *, ...);void log_ret(const char *, ...);void log_sys(const char *, ...);void TELL_WAIT(void); /* parent/child from Section 8.9 */void TELL_PARENT(pid_t);void TELL_CHILD(pid_t);void WAIT_PARENT(void);void WAIT_CHILD(void);#endif

// 源码实现文件
----------------------------------------------------------apue.c-----------------------------------------------------------

/*************************************************** *                                                 * *   @Author:liuyx                                 * *   Date: Thu Oct 17 12:02:29 CST 2013   * *   CopyRight: liuyx's company                    * *                                                 * *                                                 * *                                                 * **************************************************/#include "apue.h" /* for definition of errno */#include <errno.h> /* ISO C variable arguments */#include <stdarg.h>#include <syslog.h>static void err_doit(int, int, const char *, va_list);static void log_doit(int, int, const char *, va_list);/* Nonfatal error related to a system call, print a message and return */void err_ret(const char *fmt, ...){va_list ap;va_start(ap, fmt);err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);va_end(ap);}/* Fatal error related to a system call. Print a message and terminate. */void err_sys(const char *fmt, ...){va_list ap;va_start(ap, fmt);err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);va_end(ap);exit(1);}/* Fatal error unrelated to a system call. Error code passed as explicit parameter * Print a message and terminate. */void err_exit(int error, const char *fmt, ...){va_list ap;va_start(ap, fmt);err_doit(1, error, fmt, ap);va_end(ap);exit(1);}/* Fatal error related to a system call. Print a message, dump core, and terminate */void err_dump(const char *fmt, ...){va_list ap;va_start(ap, fmt);err_doit(1, errno, fmt, ap);va_end(ap);abort(); /* dump core and terminate */exit(1); /* shouldn't get here */}/*  Nonfatal error unrelated to a system call. Print a message and return */void err_msg(const char *fmt, ...){va_list ap;va_start(ap, fmt);err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);va_end(ap);}/* Fatal error unrelated to a system call. Print a message and terminated */void err_quit(const char *fmt, ...){va_list ap;va_start(ap, fmt);err_doit(0, 0, fmt, ap);va_end(ap);exit(1);}/* Print a message and return to caller. Caller specifies "errnoflag" */static void err_doit(int errnoflag, int error, const char *fmt, va_list ap){char buf[MAXLINE];vsnprintf(buf, MAXLINE, fmt, ap);if(errnoflag)snprintf(buf+strlen(buf), MAXLINE-strlen(buf), ": %s", strerror(error));strcat(buf, "\n");fflush(stdout); /* in case stdout and stderr are the same */fputs(buf, stderr);fflush(NULL); /* flushes all stdio output streams */}/* Caller must define and set this: nonzero if interactive, zero if daemon */extern int log_to_stderr;/* Initialize syslog(), if running as daemon */void log_open(const char *ident, int option, int facility){if(log_to_stderr == 0)openlog(ident, option, facility);}/* Nonfatal error related to a system call. Print a message with the system's errno value and return */void log_ret(const char *fmt, ...){ va_list ap; va_start(ap, fmt); log_doit(1, LOG_ERR, fmt, ap); va_end(ap);}/* Fatal error related to a system call. Print a message and terminate. */void log_sys(const char *fmt, ...){va_list ap;va_start(ap, fmt);log_doit(1, LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);va_end(ap);exit(2);}/*  Nonfatal error unrelated to a system call. Print a message and return. */void log_msg(const char *fmt, ...){va_list ap;va_start(ap, fmt);log_doit(0, LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);va_end(ap);}/* Fatal error unrelated to a system call. Print a message and terminate */void log_quit(const char *fmt, ...){va_list ap;va_start(ap, fmt);log_doit(0, LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);va_end(ap);exit(2);}/* Print a message and return to caller. Caller specifies "errorflag" and "priority" */static void log_doit(int errnoflag, int priority, const char *fmt, va_list ap){int errno_save;char buf[MAXLINE];errno_save = errno; /* value caller might want printed */vsnprintf(buf, MAXLINE, fmt, ap);if(errnoflag)snprintf(buf+strlen(buf), MAXLINE-strlen(buf), ": %s", strerror(errno_save));strcat(buf, "\n");if(log_to_stderr){fflush(stdout);fputs(buf,stderr);fflush(stderr);}else{syslog(priority,buf);}}

将apue.c变成libapue.so，这样，引用头文件方便

gcc -c apue.c -fPIC -shared -o libapue.so

因为用vim开发，加载了c.vim,c.vim默认不会加载我们自己写的so文件，故，写了一个脚本，帮助一键运行：

# run the gcc filedef runsize = ARGV.sizeif(size == 0)puts "please input the compile src file name"returnend    # the to be compiled src file namecompile_src_name = ARGV[0]    # link to the final executable filefinal_runable_file_name = get_name_off_type(compile_src_name)return if final_runable_file_name == nil    # the shared library nameso_name = LIB_NAMEso_name = ARGV[1] if ARGV.size >= 2system("gcc #{compile_src_name} -o #{final_runable_file_name} -L. -l#{so_name}; ./#{final_runable_file_name}")end# get the name from the filename off its typedef get_name_off_type(file_name)return if file_name == nilif /(\w+)[.]\w+/ =~ file_namereturn "#$1"endend#=================================================================================================================# the default link library's nameLIB_NAME="apue"run

最后添加vim的map映射:

nmap \s :!ruby run.rb<CR>

以后开发完毕，只要按\s自动连接apue共享库，并运行程序