C++TR1和C++0x简单介绍

C++TR1和C++0x是什么呢？下面简单介绍一下C++TR1和C++0x的内容。   

C++ Technical Report 1 （TR1）是ISO/IEC TR 19768, C++ Library Extensions（函式库扩充）的一般名称。TR1是一份文件，内容提出了对C++标准函式库的追加项目。这些追加项目包括了正则表达式、智能指针、哈希表、随机数生成器等。TR1自己并非标准，他是一份草稿文件。然而他所提出的项目很有可能成为下次的官方标准。这份文件的目标在于「为扩充的C++标准函式库建立更为广泛的现成实作品」。
   
    C++ tr1是针对C++标准库的第一次扩展。即将到来的下一个版本的C++标准c++0x会包括它，以及一些语言本身的扩充。tr1包括大家期待已久的smart pointer,正则表达式以及其他一些支持范型编程的东东。草案阶段，新增的类和模板的名字空间是std::tr1.
   英文官方的介绍：
    C++ Technical Report 1 （TR1） is the common name for ISO/IEC TR 19768, C++ Library Extensions, which is a document proposing additions to the C++ standard library. The additions include regular expressions, smart pointers, hash tables, and random number generators. TR1 is not a standard itself, but rather a draft document. However, most of its proposals are likely to become part of the next official standard. In the meantime, vendors can use this document as a guide to create extensions. The report's goal is “to build more widespread existing practice for an expanded C++ standard library.”
   
    C++0x （pronounced see plus plus oh ex）[1] is the unofficial name of the planned new standard for the C++ programming language. It is intended to replace the existing C++ standard, ISO/IEC 14882, which was published in 1998 and updated in 2003. These predecessors are informally known as C++98 and C++03. The new standard will include several additions to the core language and will extend the C++ standard library, incorporating most of the C++ Technical Report 1 （TR1） libraries - most likely with the exception of the library of mathematical special functions.
   一个简单的实例：
    using std::tr1::function
   
    This is a simple example of using std::tr1::function. 
  
    #include “stdafx.h”
    #include <iostream>
    #include <vector>
    #include <functional>
    //using std::tr1::function;
    typedef std::tr1::function< long （int,int） >Callback;
    typedef std::vector<Callback> Callbacks;
    Callbacks callbacks;
   
    long myfunction（int a,int b）
    {
    std::cout 《 “Function Called \n”;
    return 12;
    }
   
    int _tmain（int argc, _TCHAR* argv[]）
    {
    //Now callbacks is a vector lets resize it
    callbacks.resize（1）；
    //Now store address of myfunction in callback
    callbacks[0]= &myfunction;
    //Now call the function using the cector and passing 5 as parameter
    Callback& callback = callbacks[0];
    std::cout 《 callback（12,14）；
    std::cin.get（）；
    return 0;
    }