ubunut 安装nginx基本目录结构介绍和配置使用方法
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安装,注意是nginx不是ngnix。否则会安装失败。
- root@coder-671T-M:/soft_my# apt-get install nginx
- 正在读取软件包列表... 完成
- 正在分析软件包的依赖关系树
- 正在读取状态信息... 完成
- 将会安装下列额外的软件包:
- nginx-common nginx-full
- 下列【新】软件包将被安装:
- nginx nginx-common nginx-full
- 升级了 0 个软件包,新安装了 3 个软件包,要卸载 0 个软件包,有 184 个软件包未被升级。
- 需要下载 379 kB 的软件包。
- 解压缩后会消耗掉 1,180 kB 的额外空间。
- 您希望继续执行吗?[Y/n]Y
- 获取:1 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric/universe nginx-common all 1.0.5-1 [14.6 kB]
- 获取:2 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric/universe nginx-full i386 1.0.5-1 [359 kB]
- 获取:3 http://cn.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ oneiric/universe nginx all 1.0.5-1 [5,616 B]
- 下载 379 kB,耗时 6秒 (61.9 kB/s)
- 选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 nginx-common。
- (正在读取数据库 ... 系统当前共安装有 244027 个文件和目录。)
- 正在解压缩 nginx-common (从 .../nginx-common_1.0.5-1_all.deb) ...
- 选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 nginx-full。
- 正在解压缩 nginx-full (从 .../nginx-full_1.0.5-1_i386.deb) ...
- 选中了曾被取消选择的软件包 nginx。
- 正在解压缩 nginx (从 .../archives/nginx_1.0.5-1_all.deb) ...
- 正在处理用于 ufw 的触发器...
- 正在处理用于 ureadahead 的触发器...
- ureadahead will be reprofiled on next reboot
- 正在处理用于 man-db 的触发器...
- 正在设置 nginx-common (1.0.5-1) ...
- 正在设置 nginx-full (1.0.5-1) ...
- 正在设置 nginx (1.0.5-1) ...
nginx的目录存放位置:
配置文件目录 /etc/nginx
网站资源文件存放位置/usr/share/nginx
- root@coder-671T-M:~# cd /etc/nginx/
- root@coder-671T-M:/etc/nginx# ll
- 总用量 64
- drwxr-xr-x 5 root root 4096 2011-11-29 11:41 ./
- drwxr-xr-x 172 root root 12288 2011-11-29 11:41 ../
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2011-07-27 23:37 conf.d/
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 867 2011-03-23 12:20 fastcgi_params
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2258 2010-12-02 14:19 koi-utf
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1805 2010-12-02 14:19 koi-win
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2059 2011-02-22 15:49 mime.types
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1340 2010-12-02 14:19 nginx.conf
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 131 2011-05-02 13:25 proxy_params
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 465 2010-12-02 14:19 scgi_params
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2011-11-29 11:41 sites-available/
- drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 2011-11-29 11:41 sites-enabled/
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 497 2010-12-02 14:19 uwsgi_params
- -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3071 2010-12-02 14:19 win-utf
- root@coder-671T-M:/etc/nginx# tree
- .
- ├── conf.d
- ├── fastcgi_params
- ├── koi-utf
- ├── koi-win
- ├── mime.types
- ├── nginx.conf
- ├── proxy_params
- ├── scgi_params
- ├── sites-available
- │ └── default
- ├── sites-enabled
- │ └── default -> /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
- ├── uwsgi_params
- └── win-utf
- 3 directories, 11 files
- root@coder-671T-M:/usr/share/nginx# tree
- .
- └── www
- ├── 50x.html
- └── index.html
- 1 directory, 2 files
- root@coder-671T-M:/usr/share/nginx#
nginx修改端口
默认的是80,修改成7888
ubuntu的配置文件分成三部分:
/etc/nginx根目录存放公共的配置
在sites_available和sites_enabled配置站点相关的信息例如域名端口等等。所以修改默认的sites_available/default文件如下
- # You may add here your
- # server {
- # ...
- # }
- # statements for each of your virtual hosts to this file
- ##
- # You should look at the following URL's in order to grasp a solid understanding
- # of Nginx configuration files in order to fully unleash the power of Nginx.
- # http://wiki.nginx.org/Pitfalls
- # http://wiki.nginx.org/QuickStart
- # http://wiki.nginx.org/Configuration
- #
- # Generally, you will want to move this file somewhere, and start with a clean
- # file but keep this around for reference. Or just disable in sites-enabled.
- #
- # Please see /usr/share/doc/nginx-doc/examples/ for more detailed examples.
- ##
- server {
- <strong>listen 7888; </strong>## listen for ipv4; this line is default and implied
- #listen [::]:80 default ipv6only=on; ## listen for ipv6
- root /usr/share/nginx/www;
- index index.html index.htm;
- # Make site accessible from http://localhost/
- server_name localhost;
- location / {
- # First attempt to serve request as file, then
- # as directory, then fall back to index.html
- try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
- }
- location /doc {
- root /usr/share;
- autoindex on;
- allow 127.0.0.1;
- deny all;
- }
- location /images {
- root /usr/share;
- autoindex off;
- }
- #error_page 404 /404.html;
- # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
- #
- #error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
- #location = /50x.html {
- # root /usr/share/nginx/www;
- #}
- # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
- #
- #location ~ \.php$ {
- # proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
- #}
- # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
- #
- #location ~ \.php$ {
- # fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
- # fastcgi_index index.php;
- # include fastcgi_params;
- #}
- # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
- # concurs with nginx's one
- #
- #location ~ /\.ht {
- # deny all;
- #}
- }
- # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
- #
- #server {
- # listen 8000;
- # listen somename:8080;
- # server_name somename alias another.alias;
- # root html;
- # index index.html index.htm;
- #
- # location / {
- # try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
- # }
- #}
- # HTTPS server
- #
- #server {
- # listen 443;
- # server_name localhost;
- #
- # root html;
- # index index.html index.htm;
- #
- # ssl on;
- # ssl_certificate cert.pem;
- # ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
- #
- # ssl_session_timeout 5m;
- #
- # ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1;
- # ssl_ciphers ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv3:+EXP;
- # ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
- #
- # location / {
- # try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
- # }
- #}
这样默认的端口就修改成7888了
nginx的服务器启动,重启,停止
- root@coder-671T-M:/etc/nginx/sites-available# /etc/init.d/nginx start
- Starting nginx: nginx.
- root@coder-671T-M:/etc/nginx/sites-available# /etc/init.d/nginx start
- Starting nginx: nginx.
- root@coder-671T-M:/etc/nginx/sites-available# /etc/init.d/nginx stop
- Stopping nginx: nginx.
- root@coder-671T-M:/etc/nginx/sites-available# /etc/init.d/nginx restart
- Restarting nginx: nginx.
查看端口情况
- root@coder-671T-M:/etc/nginx/sites-available# lsof -i:7888
- COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
- nginx 6029 root 6u IPv4 89046 0t0 TCP *:7888 (LISTEN)
- nginx 6030 www-data 6u IPv4 89046 0t0 TCP *:7888 (LISTEN)
- nginx 6031 www-data 6u IPv4 89046 0t0 TCP *:7888 (LISTEN)
- nginx 6032 www-data 6u IPv4 89046 0t0 TCP *:7888 (LISTEN)
- nginx 6033 www-data 6u IPv4 89046 0t0 TCP *:7888 (LISTEN)
- root@coder-671T-M:/etc/nginx/sites-available# netstat -anpl | grep 7888
- tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:7888 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 6029/nginx
- root@coder-671T-M:/etc/nginx/sites-available#
0 0
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