centos安装后基本配置

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Centos 6.6

1. Adobe flash palyer

到官网下载或者安装RPM文件夹内的RPM包

也可先参考本文添加第三方源后直接使用yum命令安装

2．NTFS支持

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1、下载rpmforge的rpm文件包

http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/到以下网站下载对应版本http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/

32位系统

# wget http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.i686.rpm

64位系统

# wget http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm

2、安装rpmforge的rpm文件包

# rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.i686.rpm //32位

# rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm //64位

# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-*

3、安装ntfs-3g

# yum install fuse-ntfs-3g

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3.mplayer

# yum install mplayer*

# yum install smplayer

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4.鼠标右键添加打开终端

# yum –y install nautilus-open-terminal

重启系统

# reboot

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5.#yum install gcc*

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6.安装中文环境

# yum groupinstall "Chinese Support"

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7.配置第三方源

使用第三方软件库
     CentOS/RHEL默认的yum软件仓库非常有限,仅仅限于发行版本那几张盘里面的常规包和一些软件包的更新,利用RpmForge,可以增加非常多的第三方rpm软件包. RpmForge库现在已经拥有超过10000种CentOS的软件包,被CentOS社区认为是最安全也是最稳定的一个第三方软件库.

1 安装yum-priorities插件
     这个插件是用来设置yum在调用软件源时的顺序的. 因为官方提供的软件源,都是比较稳定和被推荐使用的. 因此,官方源的顺序要高于第三方源的顺序. 如何保证这个顺序,就需要安装yum-priorities这插件了.
     # yum -y install yum-priorities
2 安装完yum-priorities插件后需要设置/etc/yum.repos.d/ 目录下的.repo相关文件(如CentOS-Base.repo),在这些文件中插入顺序指令:priority=N (N为1到99的正整数,数值越小越优先)
     一般配置[base],[addons],[updates],[extras]的priority=1,[CentOSplus],[contrib]的priority=2,其他第三的软件源为:priority=N (推荐N>10)
     以CentOS-Base.repo 为例:
##############################################################
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6
priority=1
##############################################################

+---------------------------+
| 添加adobe软件仓并导入密钥 |
+---------------------------+
32位

# wget http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/linux/i386/adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm

# rpm -ivh adobe-release-i386-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
64位

# wget http://linuxdownload.adobe.com/linux/x86_64/adobe-release-x86_64-1.0-1.noarch.rpm

# rpm -ivh adobe-release-x86_64-1.0-1.noarch.rpm
     # rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-adobe-linux
设置/etc/yum.repos.d/中的adobe-linux-x86_64.repo中的priority=10
现在可以安装adobe的flashplayer插件了
     # yum install flash-plugin

+------------------+
| 安装atomic yum源 |
+------------------+
     # wget http://www.atomicorp.com/installers/atomic #下载
     # sh ./atomic   #安装
     # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/atomic.repo #修改atomic yum源优先级，priority=11
##############################################################
[atomic]
name=CentOS / Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - atomicrocketturtle.com
mirrorlist=http://www.atomicorp.com/mirrorlist/atomic/centos-6-$basearch
#mirrorlist=http://www.atomicorp.com/channels/atomic/centos/6/mirrors-atomic
enabled=1
protect=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY.art.txt
priority=11
##############################################################

+----------------+
| 安装epel yum源 |
+----------------+
rpmfusion主要为桌面发行版提供大量rpm包,而EPEL则为服务器版本提供大量的rpm包,而且大多数rpm包在官方repository中是找不到的;

CentOS 5
32位系统

:# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

# rpm -ivh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
64位系统:

# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/x86_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm

# rpm -ivh epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm
导入key:# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-5

CentOS 6
32位系统:

# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

# ipm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
64位系统:

# wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm

# rpm -ivh epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm
导入key:# rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6

如果用比较新的软件,用epel-test.repo这个文件就行了
别忘了安装# yum install yum-priorities

    # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo   #修改epel yum源优先级，priority=12
###############################################################
[epel]
name=Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 6 - $basearch
#baseurl=http://download.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/$basearch
mirrorlist=https://mirrors.fedoraproject.org/metalink?repo=epel-6&arch=$basearch
failovermethod=priority
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-EPEL-6
priority=12
#################################################################

+--------------------+
| 安装rpmforge软件源 |
+--------------------+
1 下载与安装相应rpmforge的rpm文件包,到http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/ 查找对应版本的软件下载
32位# wget http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.i686.rpm
64位# wget http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.x86_64.rpm
2 安装DAG的PGP Key
     # rpm --import http://apt.sw.be/RPM-GPG-KEY.dag.txt
     或者导入本地的key
     # rpm --import /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-*
3 验证rpmforge的rpm文件包
     # rpm -K rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.*.rpm
4 安装rpmforge的rpm文件包
     # rpm -i rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el6.rf.i386.rpm
5 设置/etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo文件中源的级别
     # cat rpmforge.repo
########################################################
### Name: RPMforge RPM Repository for RHEL 6 - dag
### URL: http://rpmforge.net/
[rpmforge]
name=RHEL $releasever - RPMforge.net - dag
baseurl=http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el6/en/$basearch/rpmforge
mirrorlist=http://apt.sw.be/redhat/el6/en/mirrors-rpmforge
#mirrorlist=file:///etc/yum.repos.d/mirrors-rpmforge
enabled=1
protect=0
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmforge-dag
gpgcheck=1
priority=13
########################################################

+---------------------+
| 安装rpmfusion yum源 |
+---------------------+
含有各种音视频软件，但稳定性不如rpmforge
32位
     # rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/el/updates/6/i386/rpmfusion-free-release-6-1.noarch.rpm
     # rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/el/updates/6/i386/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-6-1.noarch.rpm
64位
     # rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/el/updates/6/x86_64/rpmfusion-free-release-6-1.noarch.rpm
     # rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/el/updates/6/x86_64/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-6-1.noarch.rpm

    # vi /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmfusion-free-updates.repo   #修改rpmfusion yum源优先级，priority=13
#################################################################
[rpmfusion-free-updates-testing]
name=RPM Fusion for EL 6 - Free - Test Updates
#baseurl=http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/el/updates/testing/6/$basearch/
mirrorlist=http://mirrors.rpmfusion.org/mirrorlist?repo=free-el-updates-testing-6&arch=$basearch
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-rpmfusion-free-el-6
priority=14
#################################################################

安装完毕执行
# yum clean all
# yum makecache
然后就可以使用新的yum源管理软件
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