like作连词&it作形式宾语

句子“I hate it when men leer at me like I'm a piece of meat.”

这里Like就用作了连词，连接一个方式从句（副词从句，即状语从句）。

1. like作连词用法

在美国口语中，可以用like代替as if/as though来引导方式从句，遵循as if/as though的用法规则。

as if和as though的意义和用法相同可以相互替换。这两个词经常用在be, act, appear, behave, feel, look, seem, smell, sound, taste及其他描写行为举止的动词之后，引导一个方式从句。

需要注意的是as if和as though引导的从句中的时态取决于说话者对所谈内容的态度。

1.1 若说话者认为其看法是真的或可能会成为事实，从句谓语就按常规变化：

That looks just as though he'll come tomorrow.

He looks as if he is angry.

It looks as if it's going to rain.

It looked as if there would be an exciting race.

1.2 如果从句内容是不真实的，是与事实相反的，从句的谓语时态要用虚拟语气，按下说明变化：（主句谓语用现在时或过去时，对从句的谓语形式没有影响。）

类型1；从句和主句谓语动作同时发生。

主句谓语时态：一般现在时/一般过去时

as if/as though从句时态: 一般过去时或者were

例：

The old lady dresses as if it were winter even in the summer.

The old lady dressed as if it were winter even in the summer.

类型2：从句谓语动作先于主句谓语动作

主句谓语时态：一般现在时/一般过去时

as if/as though从句时态：过去完成时（had+过去分词）

例:

Betty looked as if she had seen a ghost.

Betty looks as if she had seen a ghost.

He acted just as if he were a fraud.(他装得好像很怕的样子，注意是were，不是was)

He behaves as if he were a child.

根据上述说明，开篇的句子应该这样说更恰当：

“I hate it when men leer at me like I were a piece of meat.”

2. 关于形式宾语it

在句子“I hate it when men leer at me like I'm a piece of meat.”中，主句中的it实际上是一个形式宾语。

2.1 在"动词+宾语+宾语补语"的句型中，如果宾语是一个名词性从句，常常被移到宾语补语之后去，而在宾语的位置上放一个形式宾语It。

常这样用的动词主要有下面一些：

believe, consider, declare, discover, estimate, fancy, feel, find, guess, imagine, know, make, prove, reckon, think, understand等。

例：

I consider it common knowledge that they did it.

He went away early, without making it clear why he had to go so soon.

2.2 形式宾语it也可能用在"动词+宾语+介词短语"的句型中。(也可以理解成是介词短语作宾补，归到上面一类中)

例：

Keep it in mind that you have to be home by ten o'clock.

We took it for granted that he would come.

2.3 在一些惯用结构中，甚至在没有宾语补语或介词短语的情况下，也用形式宾语it。

句型为："hate/love/like/enjoy/take等+it+名词从句(多为that从句)"。

例:

I hate it that you have to put up with so much.“我不愿意你那么逆来顺受”

I take it that we are to wait here."我想我们需要在这儿等着"

在句子“I hate it when men leer at me like I'm a piece of meat.”中，主句中的it形式宾语就是这一种情况。

参考：

1. 无敌英语语法

2. http://yy.dgzx.net/Article_Print.asp?ArticleID=112