此文是对 pcsc标准的一个具体例子

由于项目需要~要实现在linux 下实现对 SIM 卡的读写，在网上苦苦寻觅，不得要领，最后发现需要学习的东西很多。

ＩＳＯ７８１６——１２３４　和 pcsc-lite 官网的api 实现。都得看，但是项目需要用户层程序，不需要具体的驱动详解故在google搜到这个博文。

注意：csdn 有一篇pcsc那些事~本人读之，发现语句混乱，格式混乱，并且都是照搬官网源码，解释凌乱，还自言自语~

如下俩个链接对刚接触pcsc 的人有帮助：

http://www.musclecard.com/middle.html libccid and pcsc-lite 官网

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-16844439-id-3241471.html  如何查看linux 开启的服务

http://blog.csdn.net/yxstars/article/details/7472105  好文章哈哈

代码转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/bigben0123/archive/2013/05/30/3108562.html

代码如下：

/** Sample program to use PC/SC API.** MUSCLE SmartCard Development ( http://www.linuxnet.com )** Copyright (C) 2003-2011* Ludovic Rousseau <[e-mail]>** This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by* the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or* (at your option) any later version.** This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the* GNU General Public License for more details.** You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along* with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.** $Id: pcsc_demo.c 6003 2011-10-05 13:22:23Z rousseau $*/#include <stdio.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <time.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <string.h>#include <PCSC/wintypes.h>#include <PCSC/winscard.h>/** error codes from http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa924526.aspx*/#define SCARD_S_SUCCESS ((LONG)0x00000000) /**< No error was encountered. */#define SCARD_F_INTERNAL_ERROR ((LONG)0x80100001) /**< An internal consistency check failed. */#define SCARD_E_CANCELLED ((LONG)0x80100002) /**< The action was cancelled by an SCardCancel request. */#define SCARD_E_INVALID_HANDLE ((LONG)0x80100003) /**< The supplied handle was invalid. */#define SCARD_E_INVALID_PARAMETER((LONG)0x80100004) /**< One or more of the supplied parameters could not be properly interpreted. */#define SCARD_E_INVALID_TARGET ((LONG)0x80100005) /**< Registry startup information is missing or invalid. */#define SCARD_E_NO_MEMORY ((LONG)0x80100006) /**< Not enough memory available to complete this command. */#define SCARD_F_WAITED_TOO_LONG ((LONG)0x80100007) /**< An internal consistency timer has expired. */#define SCARD_E_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER((LONG)0x80100008) /**< The data buffer to receive returned data is too small for the returned data. */#define SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_READER ((LONG)0x80100009) /**< The specified reader name is not recognized. */#define SCARD_E_TIMEOUT ((LONG)0x8010000A) /**< The user-specified timeout value has expired. */#define SCARD_E_SHARING_VIOLATION((LONG)0x8010000B) /**< The smart card cannot be accessed because of other connections outstanding. */#define SCARD_E_NO_SMARTCARD ((LONG)0x8010000C) /**< The operation requires a Smart Card, but no Smart Card is currently in the device. */#define SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_CARD ((LONG)0x8010000D) /**< The specified smart card name is not recognized. */#define SCARD_E_CANT_DISPOSE ((LONG)0x8010000E) /**< The system could not dispose of the media in the requested manner. */#define SCARD_E_PROTO_MISMATCH ((LONG)0x8010000F) /**< The requested protocols are incompatible with the protocol currently in use with the smart card. */#define SCARD_E_NOT_READY ((LONG)0x80100010) /**< The reader or smart card is not ready to accept commands. */#define SCARD_E_INVALID_VALUE ((LONG)0x80100011) /**< One or more of the supplied parameters values could not be properly interpreted. */#define SCARD_E_SYSTEM_CANCELLED((LONG)0x80100012) /**< The action was cancelled by the system, presumably to log off or shut down. */#define SCARD_F_COMM_ERROR ((LONG)0x80100013) /**< An internal communications error has been detected. */#define SCARD_F_UNKNOWN_ERROR ((LONG)0x80100014) /**< An internal error has been detected, but the source is unknown. */#define SCARD_E_INVALID_ATR ((LONG)0x80100015) /**< An ATR obtained from the registry is not a valid ATR string. */#define SCARD_E_NOT_TRANSACTED ((LONG)0x80100016) /**< An attempt was made to end a non-existent transaction. */#define SCARD_E_READER_UNAVAILABLE((LONG)0x80100017) /**< The specified reader is not currently available for use. */#define SCARD_P_SHUTDOWN ((LONG)0x80100018) /**< The operation has been aborted to allow the server application to exit. */#define SCARD_E_PCI_TOO_SMALL ((LONG)0x80100019) /**< The PCI Receive buffer was too small. */#define SCARD_E_READER_UNSUPPORTED((LONG)0x8010001A) /**< The reader driver does not meet minimal requirements for support. */#define SCARD_E_DUPLICATE_READER((LONG)0x8010001B) /**< The reader driver did not produce a unique reader name. */#define SCARD_E_CARD_UNSUPPORTED((LONG)0x8010001C) /**< The smart card does not meet minimal requirements for support. */#define SCARD_E_NO_SERVICE ((LONG)0x8010001D) /**< The Smart card resource manager is not running. */#define SCARD_E_SERVICE_STOPPED ((LONG)0x8010001E) /**< The Smart card resource manager has shut down. */#define SCARD_E_UNEXPECTED ((LONG)0x8010001F) /**< An unexpected card error has occurred. */#define SCARD_E_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE((LONG)0x8010001F) /**< This smart card does not support the requested feature. */#define SCARD_E_ICC_INSTALLATION((LONG)0x80100020) /**< No primary provider can be found for the smart card. */#define SCARD_E_ICC_CREATEORDER ((LONG)0x80100021) /**< The requested order of object creation is not supported. *//* #define SCARD_E_UNSUPPORTED_FEATURE((LONG)0x80100022) / **< This smart card does not support the requested feature. */#define SCARD_E_DIR_NOT_FOUND ((LONG)0x80100023) /**< The identified directory does not exist in the smart card. */#define SCARD_E_FILE_NOT_FOUND ((LONG)0x80100024) /**< The identified file does not exist in the smart card. */#define SCARD_E_NO_DIR ((LONG)0x80100025) /**< The supplied path does not represent a smart card directory. */#define SCARD_E_NO_FILE ((LONG)0x80100026) /**< The supplied path does not represent a smart card file. */#define SCARD_E_NO_ACCESS ((LONG)0x80100027) /**< Access is denied to this file. */#define SCARD_E_WRITE_TOO_MANY ((LONG)0x80100028) /**< The smart card does not have enough memory to store the information. */#define SCARD_E_BAD_SEEK ((LONG)0x80100029) /**< There was an error trying to set the smart card file object pointer. */#define SCARD_E_INVALID_CHV ((LONG)0x8010002A) /**< The supplied PIN is incorrect. */#define SCARD_E_UNKNOWN_RES_MNG ((LONG)0x8010002B) /**< An unrecognized error code was returned from a layered component. */#define SCARD_E_NO_SUCH_CERTIFICATE((LONG)0x8010002C) /**< The requested certificate does not exist. */#define SCARD_E_CERTIFICATE_UNAVAILABLE((LONG)0x8010002D) /**< The requested certificate could not be obtained. */#define SCARD_E_NO_READERS_AVAILABLE ((LONG)0x8010002E) /**< Cannot find a smart card reader. */#define SCARD_E_COMM_DATA_LOST ((LONG)0x8010002F) /**< A communications error with the smart card has been detected. Retry the operation. */#define SCARD_E_NO_KEY_CONTAINER((LONG)0x80100030) /**< The requested key container does not exist on the smart card. */#define SCARD_E_SERVER_TOO_BUSY ((LONG)0x80100031) /**< The Smart Card Resource Manager is too busy to complete this operation. */#define SCARD_W_UNSUPPORTED_CARD((LONG)0x80100065) /**< The reader cannot communicate with the card, due to ATR string configuration conflicts. */#define SCARD_W_UNRESPONSIVE_CARD((LONG)0x80100066) /**< The smart card is not responding to a reset. */#define SCARD_W_UNPOWERED_CARD ((LONG)0x80100067) /**< Power has been removed from the smart card, so that further communication is not possible. */#define SCARD_W_RESET_CARD ((LONG)0x80100068) /**< The smart card has been reset, so any shared state information is invalid. */#define SCARD_W_REMOVED_CARD ((LONG)0x80100069) /**< The smart card has been removed, so further communication is not possible. */#define SCARD_W_SECURITY_VIOLATION((LONG)0x8010006A) /**< Access was denied because of a security violation. */#define SCARD_W_WRONG_CHV ((LONG)0x8010006B) /**< The card cannot be accessed because the wrong PIN was presented. */#define SCARD_W_CHV_BLOCKED ((LONG)0x8010006C) /**< The card cannot be accessed because the maximum number of PIN entry attempts has been reached. */#define SCARD_W_EOF ((LONG)0x8010006D) /**< The end of the smart card file has been reached. */#define SCARD_W_CANCELLED_BY_USER((LONG)0x8010006E) /**< The user pressed "Cancel" on a Smart Card Selection Dialog. */#define SCARD_W_CARD_NOT_AUTHENTICATED((LONG)0x8010006F) /**< No PIN was presented to the smart card. */#define SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE (DWORD)(-1)/**< see SCardFreeMemory() */#define SCARD_SCOPE_USER 0x0000/**< Scope in user space */#define SCARD_SCOPE_TERMINAL 0x0001/**< Scope in terminal */#define SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM 0x0002/**< Scope in system */#define SCARD_PROTOCOL_UNDEFINED0x0000/**< protocol not set */#define SCARD_PROTOCOL_UNSET SCARD_PROTOCOL_UNDEFINED/* backward compat */#define SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0 0x0001/**< T=0 active protocol. */#define SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1 0x0002/**< T=1 active protocol. */#define SCARD_PROTOCOL_RAW 0x0004/**< Raw active protocol. */#define SCARD_PROTOCOL_T15 0x0008/**< T=15 protocol. */#define SCARD_PROTOCOL_ANY (SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0|SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1)/**< IFD determines prot. */#define SCARD_SHARE_EXCLUSIVE 0x0001/**< Exclusive mode only */#define SCARD_SHARE_SHARED 0x0002/**< Shared mode only */#define SCARD_SHARE_DIRECT 0x0003/**< Raw mode only */#define SCARD_LEAVE_CARD 0x0000/**< Do nothing on close */#define SCARD_RESET_CARD 0x0001/**< Reset on close */#define SCARD_UNPOWER_CARD 0x0002/**< Power down on close */#define SCARD_EJECT_CARD 0x0003/**< Eject on close */#define SCARD_UNKNOWN 0x0001/**< Unknown state */#define SCARD_ABSENT 0x0002/**< Card is absent */#define SCARD_PRESENT 0x0004/**< Card is present */#define SCARD_SWALLOWED 0x0008/**< Card not powered */#define SCARD_POWERED 0x0010/**< Card is powered */#define SCARD_NEGOTIABLE 0x0020/**< Ready for PTS */#define SCARD_SPECIFIC 0x0040/**< PTS has been set */#define SCARD_STATE_UNAWARE 0x0000/**< App wants status */#define SCARD_STATE_IGNORE 0x0001/**< Ignore this reader */#define SCARD_STATE_CHANGED 0x0002/**< State has changed */#define SCARD_STATE_UNKNOWN 0x0004/**< Reader unknown */#define SCARD_STATE_UNAVAILABLE 0x0008/**< Status unavailable */#define SCARD_STATE_EMPTY 0x0010/**< Card removed */#define SCARD_STATE_PRESENT 0x0020/**< Card inserted */#define SCARD_STATE_ATRMATCH 0x0040/**< ATR matches card */#define SCARD_STATE_EXCLUSIVE 0x0080/**< Exclusive Mode */#define SCARD_STATE_INUSE 0x0100/**< Shared Mode */#define SCARD_STATE_MUTE 0x0200/**< Unresponsive card */#define SCARD_STATE_UNPOWERED 0x0400/**< Unpowered card */#ifndef INFINITE#define INFINITE 0xFFFFFFFF/**< Infinite timeout */#endif#define MAX_ATR_SIZE 33/**< Maximum ATR size */#define MAX_READERNAME 100extern const SCARD_IO_REQUEST g_rgSCardT0Pci, g_rgSCardT1Pci, g_rgSCardRawPci;#define SCARD_PCI_T0(&g_rgSCardT0Pci) /**< protocol control information (PCI) for T=0 */#define SCARD_PCI_T1(&g_rgSCardT1Pci) /**< protocol control information (PCI) for T=1 */#define SCARD_PCI_RAW(&g_rgSCardRawPci) /**< protocol control information (PCI) for RAW protocol */#ifndef TRUE#define TRUE 1#define FALSE 0#endif/* PCSC error message pretty print */#define PCSC_ERROR(rv, text) \if (rv != SCARD_S_SUCCESS) \{ \printf(text ": %s (0x%lX)\n", pcsc_stringify_error(rv), rv); \goto end; \} \else \{ \printf(text ": OK\n\n"); \}int main(int argc, char *argv[]){LONG rv;SCARDCONTEXT hContext;DWORD dwReaders;LPSTR mszReaders = NULL;char *ptr, **readers = NULL;int nbReaders;SCARDHANDLE hCard;DWORD dwActiveProtocol, dwReaderLen, dwState, dwProt, dwAtrLen;BYTE pbAtr[MAX_ATR_SIZE] = "";char pbReader[MAX_READERNAME] = "";int reader_nb;unsigned int i;const SCARD_IO_REQUEST *pioSendPci;SCARD_IO_REQUEST pioRecvPci;BYTE pbRecvBuffer[10];BYTE pbSendBuffer[] = { 0x00, 0xA4, 0x00, 0x00, 0x02, 0x3F, 0x00 };DWORD dwSendLength, dwRecvLength;printf("PC/SC sample code\n");printf("V 1.4 2003-2009, Ludovic Rousseau <[e-mail]>\n");printf("\nTHIS PROGRAM IS NOT DESIGNED AS A TESTING TOOL FOR END USERS!\n");printf("Do NOT use it unless you really know what you do.\n\n");rv = SCardEstablishContext(SCARD_SCOPE_SYSTEM, NULL, NULL, &hContext);if (rv != SCARD_S_SUCCESS){printf("SCardEstablishContext: Cannot Connect to Resource Manager %lX\n", rv);return EXIT_FAILURE;}/* Retrieve the available readers list. */dwReaders = SCARD_AUTOALLOCATE;rv = SCardListReaders(hContext, NULL, (LPSTR)&mszReaders, &dwReaders);PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardListReaders")/* Extract readers from the null separated string and get the total* number of readers */nbReaders = 0;ptr = mszReaders;while (*ptr != '\0'){ptr += strlen(ptr)+1;nbReaders++;}if (nbReaders == 0){printf("No reader found\n");goto end;}/* allocate the readers table */readers = calloc(nbReaders, sizeof(char *));if (NULL == readers){printf("Not enough memory for readers[]\n");goto end;}/* fill the readers table */nbReaders = 0;ptr = mszReaders;while (*ptr != '\0'){printf("%d: %s\n", nbReaders, ptr);readers[nbReaders] = ptr;ptr += strlen(ptr)+1;nbReaders++;}if (argc > 1){reader_nb = atoi(argv[1]);if (reader_nb < 0 || reader_nb >= nbReaders){printf("Wrong reader index: %d\n", reader_nb);goto end;}}elsereader_nb = 0;/* connect to a card */dwActiveProtocol = -1;rv = SCardConnect(hContext, readers[reader_nb], SCARD_SHARE_SHARED,SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0 | SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1, &hCard, &dwActiveProtocol);printf(" Protocol: %ld\n", dwActiveProtocol);PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardConnect")/* get card status */dwAtrLen = sizeof(pbAtr);dwReaderLen = sizeof(pbReader);rv = SCardStatus(hCard, /*NULL*/ pbReader, &dwReaderLen, &dwState, &dwProt,pbAtr, &dwAtrLen);printf(" Reader: %s (length %ld bytes)\n", pbReader, dwReaderLen);printf(" State: 0x%lX\n", dwState);printf(" Prot: %ld\n", dwProt);printf(" ATR (length %ld bytes):", dwAtrLen);for (i=0; i<dwAtrLen; i++)printf(" %02X", pbAtr[i]);printf("\n");PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardStatus")switch(dwActiveProtocol){case SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0:pioSendPci = SCARD_PCI_T0;break;case SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1:pioSendPci = SCARD_PCI_T1;break;default:printf("Unknown protocol\n");goto end;}/* exchange APDU */dwSendLength = sizeof(pbSendBuffer);dwRecvLength = sizeof(pbRecvBuffer);printf("Sending: ");for (i=0; i<dwSendLength; i++)printf("%02X ", pbSendBuffer[i]);printf("\n");rv = SCardTransmit(hCard, pioSendPci, pbSendBuffer, dwSendLength,&pioRecvPci, pbRecvBuffer, &dwRecvLength);printf("Received: ");for (i=0; i<dwRecvLength; i++)printf("%02X ", pbRecvBuffer[i]);printf("\n");PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardTransmit")/* card disconnect */rv = SCardDisconnect(hCard, SCARD_LEAVE_CARD);PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardDisconnect")/* connect to a card */dwActiveProtocol = -1;rv = SCardConnect(hContext, readers[reader_nb], SCARD_SHARE_SHARED,SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0 | SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1, &hCard, &dwActiveProtocol);printf(" Protocol: %ld\n", dwActiveProtocol);PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardConnect")/* exchange APDU */dwSendLength = sizeof(pbSendBuffer);dwRecvLength = sizeof(pbRecvBuffer);printf("Sending: ");for (i=0; i<dwSendLength; i++)printf("%02X ", pbSendBuffer[i]);printf("\n");rv = SCardTransmit(hCard, pioSendPci, pbSendBuffer, dwSendLength,&pioRecvPci, pbRecvBuffer, &dwRecvLength);printf("Received: ");for (i=0; i<dwRecvLength; i++)printf("%02X ", pbRecvBuffer[i]);printf("\n");PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardTransmit")/* card reconnect */rv = SCardReconnect(hCard, SCARD_SHARE_SHARED,SCARD_PROTOCOL_T0 | SCARD_PROTOCOL_T1, SCARD_LEAVE_CARD,&dwActiveProtocol);PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardReconnect")/* get card status */dwAtrLen = sizeof(pbAtr);dwReaderLen = sizeof(pbReader);rv = SCardStatus(hCard, /*NULL*/ pbReader, &dwReaderLen, &dwState, &dwProt,pbAtr, &dwAtrLen);printf(" Reader: %s (length %ld bytes)\n", pbReader, dwReaderLen);printf(" State: 0x%lX\n", dwState);printf(" Prot: %ld\n", dwProt);printf(" ATR (length %ld bytes):", dwAtrLen);for (i=0; i<dwAtrLen; i++)printf(" %02X", pbAtr[i]);printf("\n");PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardStatus")/* get card status change */{/* check only one reader */SCARD_READERSTATE rgReaderStates[1];rgReaderStates[0].szReader = pbReader;rgReaderStates[0].dwCurrentState = SCARD_STATE_UNAWARE;rv = SCardGetStatusChange(hContext, 0, rgReaderStates, 1);printf(" state: 0x%04lX\n", rgReaderStates[0].dwEventState);PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardGetStatusChange")}/* begin transaction */rv = SCardBeginTransaction(hCard);PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardBeginTransaction")/* exchange APDU */dwSendLength = sizeof(pbSendBuffer);dwRecvLength = sizeof(pbRecvBuffer);printf("Sending: ");for (i=0; i<dwSendLength; i++)printf("%02X ", pbSendBuffer[i]);printf("\n");rv = SCardTransmit(hCard, pioSendPci, pbSendBuffer, dwSendLength,&pioRecvPci, pbRecvBuffer, &dwRecvLength);printf("Received: ");for (i=0; i<dwRecvLength; i++)printf("%02X ", pbRecvBuffer[i]);printf("\n");PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardTransmit")/* end transaction */rv = SCardEndTransaction(hCard, SCARD_LEAVE_CARD);PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardEndTransaction")/* card disconnect */rv = SCardDisconnect(hCard, SCARD_UNPOWER_CARD);PCSC_ERROR(rv, "SCardDisconnect")end:/* free allocated memory */if (mszReaders)SCardFreeMemory(hContext, mszReaders);/* We try to leave things as clean as possible */rv = SCardReleaseContext(hContext);if (rv != SCARD_S_SUCCESS)printf("SCardReleaseContext: %s (0x%lX)\n", pcsc_stringify_error(rv),rv);if (readers)free(readers);return EXIT_SUCCESS;} /* main */