JDK源码学习系列01----String

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                                                 JDK源码学习系列01----String

写在最前面:

      这是我JDK源码学习系列的第一篇博文,我知道源码学习这条路很难坚持,但是我始终相信,不积跬步无以至千里。当然啦,兴趣和方法可以让这条路变得很是happy。初步计划是每天早上晨会前看一个类的源码,因为还在实习初期,所以任务不是那么滴繁重,更何况,时间就像那个,挤挤总是有的嘛~~晚上回来写写博文,一是加深理解二来也加深记忆方便以后查阅。学习的步骤当然是先从自己已经用的非常熟练的类入手。

     期待这一路的繁花盛景,哈哈~~~


java.lang.String

public final class String    implements java.io.Serializable, Comparable<String>, CharSequence
String 是静态类,不可以被继承,可以被序列化,实现了Comparable接口

1.成员变量

private final char value[];    private final char value[];    private final int offset;//偏移量    private final int count;    private int hash; 
String是以字符数组的形式实现的,变量定义为final,说明String一旦初始化后就不可变,这也是与StringBuffer的最大区别。

2.构造函数

3.常用方法

   1.char charAt(int index) 

    源码很简单,注意参数的判断,养成编程的好习惯,注意细节。

public char charAt(int index) {        if ((index < 0) || (index >= count)) {//养成好习惯,参数的判断!            throw new StringIndexOutOfBoundsException(index);        }        return value[index + offset];    }
  2.boolean equals(Object anObject)

   原本传入的参数是object型,惭愧自己平时连这个都没有注意,因为源码中已经对问题进行了处理。个人绝对源码中的while(n--!=0)以及if(v1[i++]!=v2[j++])写的很好啊,让总是for的我掩面而过啊~~学习源码的编程风格~

public boolean equals(Object anObject) {if (this == anObject) {     return true;}if (anObject instanceof String) {    String anotherString = (String)anObject;//注意细节,向下转型    int n = count;    if (n == anotherString.count) {char v1[] = value;char v2[] = anotherString.value;int i = offset;int j = anotherString.offset;while (n-- != 0) {//这里写得太精妙了!~~    if (v1[i++] != v2[j++])//点32个赞~~return false;}return true;    }}return false;    }

3.boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String anotherString)

   此源码用于时刻提醒自己,能用 x>y?a:b解决的情况就坚决不要去写if else之类的!!

 public boolean equalsIgnoreCase(String anotherString) {        return (this == anotherString) ? true :               (anotherString != null) && (anotherString.count == count) &&       regionMatches(true, 0, anotherString, 0, count);    }
4.boolean startsWith(String prefix, int toffset)

  注意,第一个参数是String而不是char,哈哈,

public boolean startsWith(String prefix, int toffset) {char ta[] = value;int to = offset + toffset;char pa[] = prefix.value;int po = prefix.offset;int pc = prefix.count;if ((toffset < 0) || (toffset > count - pc)) {//时刻记得参数的考虑    return false;}while (--pc >= 0) {//风格和上面提到的一样~自己写时注意--pc和pc--,还要注意代表的是长度还是下标    if (ta[to++] != pa[po++]) {        return false;    }}return true;    }
5.boolean endsWith(String suffix)

   这个方法写的简直是大爱啊~~~代码的重用思想也用的很好

public boolean endsWith(String suffix) {return startsWith(suffix, count - suffix.count);    }
6.String replace(char oldChar, char newChar)

   注意,replace参数是char,源码思路是找到第一个出现的oldChar,如果oldChar的下标小于len的下标,把oldChar前面的存到临时变量buf中,把oldChar后面的所有oldChar都变为newChar.

public String replace(char oldChar, char newChar) {if (oldChar != newChar) {    int len = count;    int i = -1;    char[] val = value;      int off = offset;        while (++i < len) {//!!!学习源码编程风格if (val[off + i] == oldChar) {    break;}    }    if (i < len) {char buf[] = new char[len];for (int j = 0 ; j < i ; j++) {    buf[j] = val[off+j];}while (i < len) {//!!!!!!!!!!    char c = val[off + i];    buf[i] = (c == oldChar) ? newChar : c;    i++;}return new String(0, len, buf);    }}return this;    }
7.int compareTo(String anotherString)

public int compareTo(String anotherString) {int len1 = count;int len2 = anotherString.count;int n = Math.min(len1, len2);char v1[] = value;char v2[] = anotherString.value;int i = offset;int j = anotherString.offset;if (i == j) {    int k = i;    int lim = n + i;    while (k < lim) {char c1 = v1[k];char c2 = v2[k];if (c1 != c2) {//一旦不等就reurn    return c1 - c2;}k++;    }} else {    while (n-- != 0) {//漂亮的代码char c1 = v1[i++];char c2 = v2[j++];if (c1 != c2) {    return c1 - c2;}    }}return len1 - len2;    }

8.int compareToIgnoreCase(String str)

     此方法采用的是自定义比较器来实现忽略字母大小的比较,比较器类CaseInsensitiveComparator实现了Comparator和Serializable接口。

public int compareToIgnoreCase(String str) {        return CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER.compare(this, str);    }
 public static final Comparator<String> CASE_INSENSITIVE_ORDER                                         = new CaseInsensitiveComparator();    private static class CaseInsensitiveComparator                         implements Comparator<String>, java.io.Serializable {// use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.2.2 for interoperabilityprivate static final long serialVersionUID = 8575799808933029326L;        public int compare(String s1, String s2) {            int n1=s1.length(), n2=s2.length();            for (int i1=0, i2=0; i1<n1 && i2<n2; i1++, i2++) {                char c1 = s1.charAt(i1);                char c2 = s2.charAt(i2);                if (c1 != c2) {                    c1 = Character.toUpperCase(c1);                    c2 = Character.toUpperCase(c2);                    if (c1 != c2) {                        c1 = Character.toLowerCase(c1);                        c2 = Character.toLowerCase(c2);                        if (c1 != c2) {                            return c1 - c2;                        }                    }                }            }            return n1 - n2;        }    }
9.String valueOf(Object obj)

    将object转换为String,比obj+""和obj.toString()都好,因为从源码中可以看出,valueOf()很好的避免了空指针异常。

 public static String valueOf(Object obj) {return (obj == null) ? "null" : obj.toString();    }
10.int lastIndexOf(String str, int fromIndex)

     对于子串的定位or匹配,若能匹配,返回匹配开始的第一个下标;若是匹配失败则返回-1.

public int lastIndexOf(String str, int fromIndex) {        return lastIndexOf(value, offset, count,                           str.value, str.offset, str.count, fromIndex);    }
static int lastIndexOf(char[] source, int sourceOffset, int sourceCount,                           char[] target, int targetOffset, int targetCount,                           int fromIndex) {        /* * Check arguments; return immediately where possible. For * consistency, don't check for null str. */        int rightIndex = sourceCount - targetCount;if (fromIndex < 0) {    return -1;}if (fromIndex > rightIndex) {    fromIndex = rightIndex;}/* Empty string always matches. */if (targetCount == 0) {    return fromIndex;}        int strLastIndex = targetOffset + targetCount - 1;char strLastChar = target[strLastIndex];int min = sourceOffset + targetCount - 1;int i = min + fromIndex;    startSearchForLastChar:while (true) {    while (i >= min && source[i] != strLastChar) {i--;    }    if (i < min) {return -1;    }    int j = i - 1;    int start = j - (targetCount - 1);    int k = strLastIndex - 1;    while (j > start) {        if (source[j--] != target[k--]) {    i--;    continue startSearchForLastChar;}    }    return start - sourceOffset + 1;}    }
11.boolean contains(CharSequence s)

     对于CharSequence,是一个接口,String实现了这个接口。其实这个方法传入的参数就是字符串,那为什么不直接以String作为参数呢,因为此处还可以是StringBuffer和StringBuilder等。此方法用于检查是否包含子串,作用上和indexOf类似,从源码可以看出,contains实际上就是调用了indexOf方法。

public boolean contains(CharSequence s) {        return indexOf(s.toString()) > -1;    }







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