Android -- Camera 照相和录像， 使用系统APP和自己生成Camera

1. 使用系统Camera APP 照相和录像

示例代码：

需要添加权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/><uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />

activity_main.xml 布局

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    tools:context=".MainActivity" >    <Button        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:onClick="click"        android:text="拍照" />    <ImageView        android:id="@+id/iv"        android:layout_width="100dip"        android:layout_height="100dip" /></RelativeLayout>

MainActivity.java

public class MainActivity extends Activity {private ImageView iv;private Uri fileUri;public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE = 1;public static final int MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO = 2;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);iv = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.iv);}/** Create a file Uri for saving an image or video */private static Uri getOutputMediaFileUri(int type) {return Uri.fromFile(getOutputMediaFile(type));}/** Create a File for saving an image or video */private static File getOutputMediaFile(int type) {//SDcard/Pictures/MyCameraApp 目录File mediaStorageDir = new File(Environment.getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_PICTURES),"MyCameraApp");// 创建sd卡的目录if (!mediaStorageDir.exists()) {if (!mediaStorageDir.mkdirs()) {Log.d("MyCameraApp", "failed to create directory");return null;}}// Create a media file nameString timeStamp = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyyMMdd_HHmmss").format(new Date());File mediaFile;if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE) {mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator+ "IMG_" + timeStamp + ".jpg");} else if (type == MEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {mediaFile = new File(mediaStorageDir.getPath() + File.separator+ "VID_" + timeStamp + ".mp4");} else {return null;}return mediaFile;}public void click(View view) {// create Intent to take a picture and return control to the calling// application   MediaStore.ACTION_VIDEO_CAPTUREIntent intent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);fileUri = getOutputMediaFileUri(MEDIA_TYPE_IMAGE); // create a file// to save the// imageintent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT, fileUri); // set the image file// name// start the image capture IntentstartActivityForResult(intent, 0);}@Overrideprotected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {try {InputStream is = getContentResolver().openInputStream(fileUri);Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(is);iv.setImageBitmap(bitmap);} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {e.printStackTrace();}super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);}}

2. 使用系统API 自己创建Camera

示例代码：

需要权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/><uses-feature android:name="android.hardware.camera" />

activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:layout_width="fill_parent"    android:layout_height="fill_parent"    android:orientation="horizontal" >    <FrameLayout        android:id="@+id/camera_preview"        android:layout_width="fill_parent"        android:layout_height="fill_parent"        android:layout_weight="1" />    <Button        android:id="@+id/button_capture"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_gravity="center"        android:text="Capture" /></LinearLayout>

CameraPreview.java  拍照之前的预览显示

import java.io.IOException;import android.content.Context;import android.hardware.Camera;import android.util.Log;import android.view.SurfaceHolder;import android.view.SurfaceView;public class CameraPreview extends SurfaceView implementsSurfaceHolder.Callback {private static final String TAG = "CameraPreview";private SurfaceHolder mHolder;private Camera mCamera;public CameraPreview(Context context, Camera camera) {super(context);mCamera = camera;// Install a SurfaceHolder.Callback so we get notified when the// underlying surface is created and destroyed.mHolder = getHolder();mHolder.addCallback(this);// deprecated setting, but required on Android versions prior to 3.0mHolder.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);}public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {// The Surface has been created, now tell the camera where to draw the// preview.try {mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(holder);mCamera.startPreview();} catch (IOException e) {Log.d(TAG, "Error setting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());}}public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {// empty. Take care of releasing the Camera preview in your activity.}public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int w, int h) {// If your preview can change or rotate, take care of those events here.// Make sure to stop the preview before resizing or reformatting it.if (mHolder.getSurface() == null) {// preview surface does not existreturn;}// stop preview before making changestry {mCamera.stopPreview();} catch (Exception e) {// ignore: tried to stop a non-existent preview}// set preview size and make any resize, rotate or// reformatting changes here// start preview with new settingstry {mCamera.setPreviewDisplay(mHolder);mCamera.startPreview();} catch (Exception e) {Log.d(TAG, "Error starting camera preview: " + e.getMessage());}}}

MainActivity.java

import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Environment;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.Context;import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.hardware.Camera;import android.hardware.Camera.PictureCallback;import android.util.Log;import android.view.Menu;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.FrameLayout;public class MainActivity extends Activity {Camera mCamera;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);if (checkCameraHardware(this)) {// Create an instance of CameramCamera = getCameraInstance();// 解决成像旋转90°问题mCamera.setDisplayOrientation(90);// Create our Preview view and set it as the content of our// activity.CameraPreview mPreview = new CameraPreview(this, mCamera);FrameLayout preview = (FrameLayout) findViewById(R.id.camera_preview);preview.addView(mPreview);}// Add a listener to the Capture buttonButton captureButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_capture);captureButton.setOnClickListener(    new View.OnClickListener() {        @Override        public void onClick(View v) {        mCamera.autoFocus(null);                    // get an image from the camera            mCamera.takePicture(null, null, new PictureCallback() {                @Override                public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {                    File pictureFile = new File(Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(),"my.jpg");                    String TAG="PictureCallback";                    try {                        FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(pictureFile);                        fos.write(data);                        fos.close();                    } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {                        Log.d(TAG, "File not found: " + e.getMessage());                    } catch (IOException e) {                        Log.d(TAG, "Error accessing file: " + e.getMessage());                    }                }            });        }    });}/** 检查是否有照相机 */private boolean checkCameraHardware(Context context) {if (context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA)) {// this device has a camerareturn true;} else {// no camera on this devicereturn false;}}/** 获取一个照相机. */public static Camera getCameraInstance() {Camera c = null;try {c = Camera.open(); // attempt to get a Camera instance//Camera.open(1);//打开前置摄像头} catch (Exception e) {// Camera is not available (in use or does not exist)}return c; // returns null if camera is unavailable}}