硬盘检测 - MegaCli
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REFER: http://xjsunjie.blog.51cto.com/999372/383510
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MegaCli是一款管理维护硬件RAID软件,可以通过它来了解当前raid卡的所有信息,包括 raid卡的型号,raid的阵列类型,raid 上各磁盘状态,等等。通常,我们对硬盘当前的状态不太好确定,一般通过机房人员巡检来完成,有没有通过软件的方式来检查确定这个问题呢。MegaCli就可以做到,一般通过 MegaCli 的Media Error Count: 0 Other Error Count: 0 这两个数值来确定阵列中磁盘是否有问题;Medai Error Count 表示磁盘可能错误,可能是磁盘有坏道,这个值不为0值得注意,数值越大,危险系数越高,Other Error Count 表示磁盘可能存在松动,可能需要重新再插入。MegaCli 可以对阵列中所有的磁盘进行检测,我们可以通过脚本的方式来检测相关参数,从而通知管理人员。
一、 下载MegCli,目前针对公司DB数据库是IBM的服务器,直接从IBM官方下载,如果
其它服务器的,使用各官方下载或者 LSI网站上进行相关下载。一般来说,是通用的。这个包适用32 /64位操作系统平台
下载地址:ftp://download2.boulder.ibm.com/ecc/sar/CMA/XSA/ibm_utl_sraidmr_megacli-8.00.48_linux_32-64.zip
二、 安装
#unzip ibm_utl_sraidmr_megacli-8.00.48_linux_32-64.zip#cd linux# rpm -ivh Lib_Utils-1.00-09.noarch.rpm MegaCli-8.00.48-1.i386.rpm
三 使用命令及参数
- 命令使用:
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDInfo -Lall-aALL 查raid级别
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-AdpAllInfo -aALL 查raid卡信息
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-PDList -aALL 查看硬盘信息
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-AdpBbuCmd -aAll 查看电池信息
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-FwTermLog -Dsply-aALL 查看raid卡日志
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-adpCount 【显示适配器个数】
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-AdpGetTime –aALL 【显示适配器时间】
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-AdpAllInfo -aAll 【显示所有适配器信息】
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDInfo -LALL-aAll 【显示所有逻辑磁盘组信息】
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-PDList -aAll 【显示所有的物理信息】
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus-aALL |grep ‘Charger Status’ 【查看充电状态】
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus-aALL【显示BBU状态信息】
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo-aALL【显示BBU容量信息】
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo-aALL 【显示BBU设计参数】
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties-aALL 【显示当前BBU属性】
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-cfgdsply -aALL 【显示Raid卡型号,Raid设置,Disk相关信息】
- 3.磁带状态的变化,从拔盘,到插盘的过程中。
- Device |Normal|Damage|Rebuild|Normal
- Virtual Drive |Optimal|Degraded|Degraded|Optimal
- Physical Drive |Online|Failed –> Unconfigured|Rebuild|Online
- 4.查看磁盘缓存策略
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDGetProp -Cache-L0 -a0
- or
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDGetProp -Cache-L1 -a0
- or
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDGetProp -Cache-LALL -a0
- ro
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDGetProp -Cache-LALL -aALL
- ro
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDGetProp -DskCache-LALL -aALL
- 5.设置磁盘缓存策略
- 缓存策略解释:
- WT (Write through
- WB (Write back)
- NORA (No read ahead)
- RA (Read ahead)
- ADRA (Adaptive read ahead)
- Cached
- Direct
- 例子:
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDSetProp WT|WB|NORA|RA|ADRA-L0 -a0
- or
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDSetProp -Cached|-Direct-L0 -a0
- or
- enable / disable disk cache
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDSetProp -EnDskCache|-DisDskCache-L0 -a0
- 6.创建一个 raid5 阵列,由物理盘 2,3,4 构成,该阵列的热备盘是物理盘 5
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-CfgLdAdd -r5[1:2,1:3,1:4] WB Direct -Hsp[1:5]-a0
- 7.创建阵列,不指定热备
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-CfgLdAdd -r5[1:2,1:3,1:4] WB Direct -a0
- 8.删除阵列
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-CfgLdDel -L1-a0
- 9.在线添加磁盘
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDRecon -Start-r5 -Add -PhysDrv[1:4]-L1 -a0
- 10.阵列创建完后,会有一个初始化同步块的过程,可以看看其进度。
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDInit -ShowProg-LALL -aALL
- 或者以动态可视化文字界面显示
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDInit -ProgDsply-LALL -aALL
- 11.查看阵列后台初始化进度
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDBI -ShowProg-LALL -aALL
- 或者以动态可视化文字界面显示
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-LDBI -ProgDsply-LALL -aALL
- 12.指定第 5 块盘作为全局热备
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-PDHSP -Set[-EnclAffinity][-nonRevertible]-PhysDrv[1:5]-a0
- 13.指定为某个阵列的专用热备
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-PDHSP -Set[-Dedicated[-Array1]][-EnclAffinity][-nonRevertible]-PhysDrv[1:5]-a0
- 14.删除全局热备
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-PDHSP -Rmv-PhysDrv[1:5]-a0
- 15.将某块物理盘下线/上线
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-PDOffline -PhysDrv[1:4]-a0
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-PDOnline -PhysDrv[1:4]-a0
- 16.查看物理磁盘重建进度
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-PDRbld -ShowProg-PhysDrv [1:5]-a0
- 或者以动态可视化文字界面显示
- #/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64-PDRbld -ProgDsply-PhysDrv [1:5]-a0
- 磁带状态的变化,从拔盘,到插盘的过程中:
- Device |Normal|Damage|Rebuild|Normal
- Virtual Drive |Optimal|Degraded|Degraded|Optimal
- Physical Drive |Online|Failed –> Unconfigured|Rebuild|Online
1、 查看RAID级别
2、 查看RAID卡信息,主要输出RAID卡的一些配置信息
RAID Level : Primary-1, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0
Size : 1.086 TB
State : Optimal
Strip Size : 128 KB
Number Of Drives per span:4 //表示每4个物理盘做成一个RAID1盘组
Span Depth : 2 //表示共2个RAID1盘组做成了RAID10
3、 查看所有硬盘的信息
/opt/MegaCli64 -pdlist –aALL
4、 查看当前raid缓存状态,raid缓存状态设置为wb的话要注意电池放电事宜,设置电池放电模式为自动学习模式
/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 -ldgetprop -dskcache -lall -aall
5、 raid 电池设置相关
查看电池状态信息(Display BBU Status Information)
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL
查看电池容量(Display BBU Capacity Information)
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo –aALL
查看电池设计参数(Display BBU Design Parameters)
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo –aALL
查看电池属性(Display Current BBU Properties)
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties –aALL
设置电池为学习模式为循环模式(Start BBU Learning Cycle)
Description Starts the learning cycle on the BBU.
No parameter is needed for this option.
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -BbuLearn -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
设置磁盘的缓存模式和访问方式 (Change Virtual Disk Cache and Access Parameters)
Description Allows you to change the following virtual disk parameters:
-WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects write policy.
-NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive read ahead): Selects read policy.
-Cached, -Direct: Selects cache policy.
-RW, -RO, Blocked: Selects access policy.
-EnDskCache: Enables disk cache.
-DisDskCache: Disables disk cache.
MegaCli -LDSetProp { WT | WB|NORA |RA | ADRA|-Cached|Direct} |
{-RW|RO|Blocked} |
{-Name[string]} |
{-EnDskCache|DisDskCache} –Lx |
-L0,1,2|-Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
MegaCli -LDSetProp WT -L0 -a0
显示磁盘缓存和访问方式(Display Virtual Disk Cache and Access Parameters)
MegaCli -LDGetProp -Cache | -Access | -Name | -DskCache -Lx|-L0,1,2|
-Lall -aN|-a0,1,2|-aALL
Displays the cache and access policies of the virtual disk(s):
-WT (Write through), WB (Write back): Selects write policy.
-NORA (No read ahead), RA (Read ahead), ADRA (Adaptive read ahead): Selects read policy.
-Cache, -Cached, Direct: Displays cache policy.
-Access, -RW, -RO, Blocked: Displays access policy.
-DskCache: Displays physical disk cache policy.
Megaraid 必知必会 使用LSI的megaraid可以对raid进行有效监控。别的厂商比如HP,IBM也有自己的raid API
MegaCli -ldinfo -lall -aall
查询raid级别,磁盘数量,容量,条带大小。
MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL |grep Policy
查询控制器cache策略
MegaCli -LDSetProp WB -L0 -a0
设置write back功能
MegaCli -LDSetProp CachedBadBBU -L0 -a0
设置即使电池坏了还是保持WB功能
MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -BbuLearn a0
手动充电
MegaCli -FwTermLog -Dsply -aALL
查询日志
显示适配器个数: MegaCli -adpCount
显示所有适配器信息: MegaCli -AdpAllInfo -aAll
Critical Disks : 0
Failed Disks : 0
显示所有逻辑磁盘组信息: MegaCli -LDInfo -LALL -aAll
显示所有的物理信息: MegaCli -PDList -aAll
Media Error Count: 0
Other Error Count: 0
查看充电状态: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL
Learn Cycle Requested : No
Fully Charged : Yes
显示BBU(后备电池)状态信息: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL
显示BBU容量信息: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuCapacityInfo -aALL
显示BBU设计参数: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuDesignInfo -aALL
显示当前BBU属性: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuProperties -aALL
显示Raid卡型号,Raid设置,Disk相关信息: MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL
查看Cache 策略设置: MegaCli -cfgdsply -aALL |grep -i Policy
Current Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAheadNone, Direct, Write Cache OK if Bad BBU
查看充电进度百分比: MegaCli -AdpBbuCmd -GetBbuStatus -aALL
各种设备和磁盘的不同状态:
Device |Normal|Damage|Rebuild|Normal
Virtual Drive |Optimal|Degraded|Degraded|Optimal
Physical Drive |Online|Failed –> Unconfigured|Rebuild|Online
6、 通过脚本检测RAID 磁盘状态
Linux下脚本
#!/bin/bash#check raid disk statusMEGACLI="/opt/MegaRAID/MegaCli/MegaCli64 "$MEGACLI -pdlist -aALL | grep "Firmware state" | awk -F : '{print $2}' | awk -F , '{print $1}' >/tmp/fireware.log$MEGACLI -pdlist -aALL | grep -E "Media Error|Other Error" | awk -F : '{print $2}' >/tmp/disk.logfor i in `cat < /tmp/disk.log`do if [ $i -ne 0 ] then curl "http://xxxxxxB&state=ALARM&description=raid_disk_error" fidonefor i in `cat < /tmp/fireware.log`do if [ $i != Online ] then curl "http://xxxxxxstate=ALARM&description=raid_disk_offline" fidone
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