Spring_5_组件自动扫描机制

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Web.xml的配置、PersonDao类、PersonDao类与1中相同。

自动扫描机制就是,它可以在类路径下寻找标注了@Component、@Service、@Controller、@Repository注解的类,并把这些类纳入Spring容器中管理。

1)PersonDaoBean 类:

@Repositorypublic class PersonDaoBean implements PersonDao  {public void add() {System.out.println("执行personDao中的add()方法!");}}

2)beans.xml文件的配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"><!-- 添加的自动扫描组件,base-package为要扫描的包(包括子包)--><context:component-scan base-package="springDaoBean" /></beans>

3)PersonServiceBean 类:

//@Service// 直接访问PersonServiceBean类@Service("personService")// 先访问personService类然后跳转到PersonServiceBean类@Scope("prototype")// 每次用PersonServiceBean类都会生成一个新的对象public class PersonServiceBean implements PersonService {private PersonDao personDao;@PostConstruct// 当实例化PersonServiceBean类时会调init方法public void init() {System.out.println("初始化");}@PreDestroy// 当正常关闭资源时回调用destroy方法public void destroy() {System.out.println("关闭资源");}public void save() {personDao.add();}}

4)springTest 类:

public class springTest {@Testpublic void instanceSpring() {AbstractApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("springXml/beans.xml");// 使用@Service直接放问PersonServiceBean// PersonService personServiceBean = (PersonService) ctx.getBean("personService");// System.out.println(personServiceBean);// 使用@Service("personService")间接访问PersonServiceBean// PersonService personService = (PersonService)ctx.getBean("personService");// System.out.println(personService);// 在PersonServiceBean类中可以添加@scope("prototype")是每次实例化都生成一个新的对象// PersonService personService1 = (PersonService)ctx.getBean("personService");// PersonService personService2 = (PersonService)ctx.getBean("personService");// System.out.println(personService1 == personService2);// 在personServiceBean中添加@PostConstruct, 实例化类对象时会调用init()方法PersonService personServiceBean = (PersonService)ctx.getBean("personService");System.out.println(personServiceBean);// 在personServiceBean中添加@PreDestroy,在正常关闭资源时会调用destroy()方法ctx.close();}}

@Service用于标注业务层组件,@Controller用于标注控制层组件(如struts中的action)、@Repository用于标注数据访问组件(DAO组件)、@Component扫描那些不好归类的组件。







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