数字集成电路设计-13-常用模块集锦

引言

C语言，C++语言等软件编程语言吸引我们的一个很重要的原因是他们都能提供非常丰富的函数库供我们使用，大大提高coding的效率。

但是像verilogHDL等HDL语言这方面做的比较弱，尤其是可综合的语法，基本没有通用的模块库供我们使用，所以编码效率会比较低。如果我们把平时经常使用的一些模块积累起来，慢慢的标准化，这样以后我们再设计新的电路时，就会方便很多，今天就是开始。

1，判断两个信号是否相等

function Fcompare;input valid_a,valid_b;input [31:0] a,b;Fcompare = valid_a & valid_b & (({32{valid_a}} & a) == ({32{valid_b}} & b));endfunction

2，对一个one-hot的值，得到是对应bit的十进制数

function [2:0] Fcode_8b;input [7:0] one_hot;Fcode_8b =( one_hot[0] ? 3'd0 :one_hot[1] ? 3'd1 :one_hot[2] ? 3'd2 :one_hot[3] ? 3'd3 :one_hot[4] ? 3'd4 :one_hot[5] ? 3'd5 :one_hot[6] ? 3'd6 :one_hot[7] ? 3'd7 : 3'd0;);endfunction

3，上面函数的反向功能

function [7:0] Fdecode_8b;input [2:0] value;Fdecode_8b =( value==3'd7,value==3'd6,value==3'd5,value==3'd4,value==3'd3,value==3'd2,value==3'd1,value==3'd0 );endfunction

4，clock gage

在实际的电路设计中，低功耗（low-power）是我们必须时刻都需要谨记在心的一条法则，这条法则的具体实现中最重要的就是clock gage了。

但是一般情况下DC会提供专门的gating cell，在做仿真时，我们还是需要一个简单的模型。

module clk_gate(input enable,input clk,output clk_o);reg not_gate;always @(enable or clk)if(~clk)not_gate = enable;assign clk_o = clk & not_gate;endmodule

5，获得信号的上升沿

module sig_posedge(input clk,input signal,output signal_posedge);reg tmp_r;always @(posedge clk)tmp_r <= signal;assign signal_posedge = signal & ~tmp_r;endmodule

6，获得信号的下降沿

module sig_negedge(input clk,input signal,output signal_negedge);reg tmp_r;always @(posedge clk)tmp_r <= signal;assign signal_negedge = ~signal & tmp_r;endmodule

7，round-robin arbiter（2选1）

function [1:0] Fround_robin_2;input [1:0] req,req_en,grant_en;input priority_in;reg rq_a,rq_b,grant_a,grant_b,prio_a,prio_b;begin{rq_a,rq_b} = req;{prio_b,prio_a} = {priority_in==1'b1,priority_in==1'b0};grant_a = ( prio_a & rq_a |prio_b & rq_a & ~rq_b);grant_b = ( prio_b & rq_b |prio_a & rq_b & ~rq_a);Fround_robin_2 = {grant_b,grant_a} & req_en & grant_en;endendfunction

8，round-robin arbiter（4选1）

function [3:0] Fround_robin_4;input [3:0] req,req_en,grant_en;input [1:0] priority_in;reg rq_a,rq_b,rq_c,rq_d;reg grant_a,grant_b,grant_c,grant_d;reg prio_a,prio_b,prio_c,prio_d;begin{rq_d,rq_c,rq_b,rq_a} = req;{prio_d,prio_c,prio_b,prio_a} = {priority_in==2'b11,priority_in==2'b10,priority_in==2'b01,priority_in==2'b00};grant_a = ( prio_a & rq_a |prio_b & rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d |prio_c & rq_a & ~rq_c & ~rq_d |prio_d & rq_a & ~rq_d);grant_b = ( prio_b & rq_b |prio_c & rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_a |prio_d & rq_b & ~rq_d & ~rq_a |prio_a & rq_b & ~rq_a);grant_c = ( prio_c & rq_c |prio_d & rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_a & ~rq_b |prio_a & rq_c & ~rq_a & ~rq_b |prio_b & rq_c & ~rq_b);grant_d = ( prio_d & rq_d |prio_a & rq_d & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c |prio_b & rq_d & ~rq_b & ~rq_c |prio_c & rq_d & ~rq_c);Fround_robin_4 = {grant_d,grant_c,grant_b,grant_a} & req_en & grant_en;endendfunction

9，round-robin arbiter（8选1）

function [7:0] Fround_robin_8;input [7:0] req,req_en,grant_en;input [2:0] priority_in;reg rq_a,rq_b,rq_c,rq_d,rq_e,rq_f,rq_g,rq_h;reg grant_a,grant_b,grant_c,grant_d,grant_e,grant_f,grant_g,grant_h;reg prio_a,prio_b,prio_c,prio_d,prio_e,prio_f,prio_g,prio_h;begin{rq_h,rq_g,rq_f,rq_e,rq_d,rq_c,rq_b,rq_a} = req;{prio_h,prio_g,prio_f,prio_e,prio_d,prio_c,prio_b,prio_a} = {priority_in==3'b111,priority_in==3'b110,priority_in==3'b101,priority_in==3'b100,priority_in==3'b011,priority_in==3'b010,priority_in==3'b001,priority_in==3'b000};grant_a = ( rq_a &(prio_a|prio_b & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h|prio_c & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h|prio_d & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h|prio_e & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h|prio_f & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h|prio_g & ~rq_g & ~rq_h|prio_h & ~rq_h);grant_b = ( rq_b &(prio_b|prio_c & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a|prio_d & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a|prio_e & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a|prio_f & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a|prio_g & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a|prio_h & ~rq_h & ~rq_a|prio_a & ~rq_a);grant_c = ( rq_c &(prio_c|prio_d & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b|prio_e & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b|prio_f & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b|prio_g & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b|prio_h & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b|prio_a & ~rq_a & ~rq_b|prio_b & ~rq_b);grant_d = ( rq_d &(prio_d|prio_e & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c|prio_f & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c|prio_g & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c|prio_h & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c|prio_a & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c|prio_b & ~rq_b & ~rq_c|prio_c & ~rq_c);grant_e = ( rq_e &(prio_e|prio_f & ~rq_f & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d|prio_g & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d|prio_h & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d|prio_a & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d|prio_b & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d|prio_c & ~rq_c & ~rq_d|prio_d & ~rq_d);grant_f = ( rq_f &(prio_f|prio_g & ~rq_g & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e|prio_h & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e|prio_a & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e|prio_b & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e|prio_c & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e|prio_d & ~rq_d & ~rq_e|prio_e & ~rq_e);grant_g = ( rq_g &(prio_g|prio_h & ~rq_h & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f|prio_a & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f|prio_b & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f|prio_c & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f|prio_d & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f|prio_e & ~rq_e & ~rq_f|prio_f & ~rq_f);grant_h = ( rq_h &(prio_h|prio_a & ~rq_a & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g|prio_b & ~rq_b & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g|prio_c & ~rq_c & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g|prio_d & ~rq_d & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g|prio_e & ~rq_e & ~rq_f & ~rq_g|prio_f & ~rq_f & ~rq_g|prio_g & ~rq_g);Fround_robin_8 = {grant_h,grant_g,grant_f,grant_e,grant_d,grant_c,grant_b,grant_a} & req_en & grant_en;endendfunction

10，简易同步fifo

module simple_syn_fifo#(parameter WIDTH = 32,parameter DEPTH = 4,parameter PTR_WIDTH = 2)(input clk,input rst_n,input ren,input wen,input [WIDTH-1:0] din,output full,output empty,output valid,output [WIDTH-1:0] dout);reg [WIDTH-1:0] mem_r[0:DEPTH-1];reg [PTR_WIDTH-1:0] rptr_r;reg [PTR_WIDTH-1:0] wptr_r;reg [PTR_WIDTH:0] flag_r;always @(posedge clk)if(wen)mem_r[wptr_r] <= din;always @(posedge clk)if(~rst_n)wptr_r <= (PTR_WIDTH-1)'d0;else if(wen)wptr_r <= wptr_r + 1'b1;always @(posedge clk)if(~rst_n)rptr_r <= (PTR_WIDTH-1)'d0;else if(wen)rptr_r <= rptr_r + 1'b1;always @(posedge clk)if(~rst_n)flag_r <= PTR_WIDTH'd0;else if(wen & ~ren)flag_r <= flag_r + 1'b1;else if(~wen & ren)flag_r <= flag_r - 1'b1;assign dout = mem_r[rptr_r];assign full = (flag_r >= DEPTH);assign empty = (flag_r == PTR_WIDTH'd0);assign valid = ren;endmodule