【实战】静默安装-oracle 11.2.0.3 on centos 5.10

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centos 5.10  下安装oracle 11g_r2******************************************************************************1.系统部分******************************************************************************------1.安装系统--applicationsgraphicsgraphical internettext-based internetoffce/productivityeditorssound and video--base systemAdministration Toolsbaselegacy software support: compat-libstdc-  compat-db-X Window Systemsystem tools :sysstat----desktop envirementsgnome desktop environment--development默认选项后添加下面选项Development Libraries :libstdc-development tools :gcc-legacy software development --languageschinese support---serverftp serverlegacy network server:rsh-server telnet-serverprinting supportserver configure tools------2.配置xmanager连接linux---2.1 centos 6.5 1).yum install xdm  安装XDM2).vi /etc/X11/xdm/Xaccess49 * #any  host  can  get  a  login  window3).修改/etc/gdm/custom.conf文件。[xdmcp]Enable=trueDisplaysPerHost=5Port=177[security]AllowRemoteRoot=true4).重启gpm服务：service gpm restartchkconfig  gpm on   确认GPM服务开机启动5).重启gdm服务/usr/sbin/gdm -restart---2.2 centos 5.10--1.编辑配置文件ls -al /usr/share/gdm/defaults.confchmod 644 /usr/share/gdm/defaults.confvi /usr/share/gdm/defaults.conf /****/usr/share/gdm/defaults.conf 和/etc/gdm/custom.conf 内容一致，修改任意一个即可****/[xdmcp]Enable=trueDisplaysPerHost=5Port=177[security]AllowRemoteRoot=truevi /usr/share/gdm/defaults.conf214行   AllowRemoteRoot=true263行   Enable=true279行DisplaysPerHost=2284行Port=177--2.重启gpm服务：service gpm restartchkconfig  gpm on   确认GPM服务开机启动--2.重启gdm服务/usr/sbin/gdm-restart-------1.3 配置yum源cd /etc/yum.repos.dmv CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Base.repo.oldwget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS6-Base-163.repoyum makecache检查可更新的rpm包#yum check-update    更新所有的rpm包#yum updateyum -y groupinstall 'Development Libraries'  ******************************************************************************2.oracle安装部分******************************************************************************1、检查下列包是否安装，若未安装则要先安装：mount /dev/cdrom /mntcd /mnt/CentOSrpm -Uvh binutils-2.*rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*rpm -Uvh compat-libstdc++-33*.i386.rpmrpm -Uvh elfutils-libelf*rpm -Uvh gcc-4.*rpm -Uvh gcc-c++-4.*rpm -Uvh glibc-2.*rpm -Uvh glibc-common-2.*rpm -Uvh glibc-devel-2.*rpm -Uvh glibc-headers-2.*rpm -Uvh ksh*rpm -Uvh libaio-0.*rpm -Uvh libaio-devel-0.*rpm -Uvh libgomp-4.*rpm -Uvh libgcc-4.*rpm -Uvh libstdc++-4.*rpm -Uvh libstdc++-devel-4.*rpm -Uvh make-3.*rpm -Uvh sysstat-7.*rpm -Uvh numactl-devel-*rpm -Uvh unixODBC-2.*rpm -Uvh unixODBC-devel-2.*---使用yum安装unixODBC yum install unixODBC yum install elfutils-libelf-develyum  install pdksh步骤4：配置系统[root@ora ~]# grep MemTotal /proc/meminfoMemTotal:      4946772 kB[root@ora ~]# grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfoSwapTotal:    12289716 kB[root@ora ~]# df -hFilesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/sda2              17G  2.8G   14G  18% //dev/sda1            1012M   40M  921M   5% /bootnone                  891M     0  891M   0% /dev/shm/dev/hdc              192M  192M     0 100% /media/cdrom二、参数修改1.设置需要的IP2、修改host文件在/etc/hosts文件中添加一个全限定域名，如：vi /etc/hosts192.168.5.199ocpyang.sz.comocpyang3. 查看修改结果hostnamecat /etc/hosts | grep `eval hostname`4、设置核心参数　1、在/etc/sysctl.conf文件中加入下列行：#vi /etc/sysctl.conffs.suid_dumpable = 1fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 2532755456 kernel.shmmni = 4096# semaphores: semmsl, semmns, semopm, semmnikernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default=4194304net.core.rmem_max=4194304net.core.wmem_default=262144net.core.wmem_max=1048586net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0kernel.sysrq = 0kernel.core_uses_pid = 1net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1kernel.msgmnb = 65536　5、运行下列命令改变核心参数：#/sbin/sysctl -p　6、在/etc/security/limits.conf文件中加入下列行：# vi /etc/security/limits.conforacle           soft    nproc   2047oracle           hard    nproc   16384oracle           soft    nofile  1024oracle           hard    nofile  65536oracle           hard    stack   102407、在/etc/pam.d/login文件中加入下列行：# vi /etc/pam.d/loginsession required pam_limits.so8.关闭SELINUX的工作模式和防火墙            # vi /etc/selinux/config# 设置SELINUX为disabledSELINUX=disabled# service iptables stop三、创建下列组和用户groupadd oinstallgroupadd dbagroupadd operuseradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper -d /home/oracle oraclepasswd oracle四、创建安装oracle的目录mkdir -p /u01mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1chown -R   oracle.oinstall /u01chmod -R 775 /u01说明：/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1目录是用于放置程序文件的位置。五、设置oracle用户的环境变量用oracle登录在：/home/oracle/.bash_profile文件末尾,注意把其中ORACLE_SID换成自己的实例名：# vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile也可以 #su - oracle#vi .bash_profile增加下列内容：# Oracle SettingsTMP=/tmp;export TMPTMPDIR=$TMP;export TMPDIRORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;export ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1;export ORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SID=orcl;export ORACLE_SIDORACLE_TERM=xterm;export ORACLE_TERMPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;export PATHPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH;export PATHexport NLS_DATE_FORMAT="yyyy-mm-dd HH24:MI:SS"LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib;export LD_LIBRARY_PATHCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib;export CLASSPATH#LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1;export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL#set languageNLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE"_CHINA.AL32UTF8export  NLS_LANGEDITOR=viexport EDITORif [ $USER = "oracle" ]; thenif [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; thenulimit -p 16384ulimit -n 65536elseulimit -u 16384 -n 65536fifialias  oratrace="cat   $ORACLE_BASE/diag/rdbms/$ORACLE_SID/$ORACLE_SID/trace/alert_orcl.log"alias  oradata="cd $ORACLE_BASE/oradata/$ORACLE_SID"alias  oranetwork="cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin"六、安装$unzip 1.zip$unzip 2.zip$cd /soft/chown  -R oracle:oinstall /soft/database$ cd database/cp -R /soft/database/response /home/oracle ----方法1:$ ./runInstaller -silent -debug -force \FROM_LOCATION=/soft/database/stage/products.xml \oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY \ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ocpyang.sz.com \UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall \INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory \SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN \ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1 \ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle \oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE \oracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=false \oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba \oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper \oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE \oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=false \oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false \oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true \oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL \SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false \DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true \oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES ---方法2:vi /home/oracle/ocp.rsporacle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLYORACLE_HOSTNAME=ocpyang.sz.comUNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstallINVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventorySELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CNORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracleoracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EEoracle.install.db.EEOptionsSelection=falseoracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dbaoracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=operoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSEoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=falseoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=falseoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=trueoracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROLSECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=falseDECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=trueoracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -force -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/ocp.rsp[oracle@ocp ~]$ su -l rootPassword: #/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh #/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/root.sh 七、静默建库和静默配置监听：---7.1 静默建库$ cat /home/oracle/createdb.rsp [GENERAL]RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "11.2.0"OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"[CREATEDATABASE]GDBNAME = "orcl"SID = "orcl"TEMPLATENAME = "General_Purpose.dbc"SYSPASSWORD = "password"SYSTEMPASSWORD = "password"SYSMANPASSWORD = "password"DBSNMPPASSWORD = "password"DATAFILEDESTINATION ="/u01/app/oracle/oradata"STORAGETYPE=FSCHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"DATABASETYPE = "MULTIPURPOSE"AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT = "FALSE"$ dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/response/createdb.rsp ps -ef | grep ora_ | grep -v grep | wc -l----7.2静默配置监听$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/netca /silent /responsefile  /home/oracle/response/netca.rsp$ ll $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/*.ora$ lsnrctl status执行完后, 监听就已经启八、安装后配置修改oratab文件，在/etc/oratab文件中添加下面的一行，vi /etc/orataborcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1:Y启动和停止 Oracle Enterprise Manager 数据库控制：$ emctl start dbconsole$ emctl stop dbconsole启动和停止 iSQL*Plus：$ isqlplusctl start$ isqlplusctl stop启动和停止监听器：监听器接受客户端的连接请求，并在验证证书后创建数据库连接。要使用 OEM 或 iSQL*Plus，必须先启动监听器。$ lsnrctl start$ lsnrctl stop$cat /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora启动和停止数据库：启动：$ sqlplusSQL> startup关闭:$ sqlplusSQL> shutdown immediate九、设置开机oracle自动启动步骤1：# vi /etc/oratabORCL:/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1:Y/etc/oratab格式为：SID:ORACLE_HOME:AUTO把AUTO域设置为Y(大写)，只有这样，oracle 自带的dbstart和dbshut才能够发挥作用步骤2：使用Oracle用户修改$Oracle_HOME/bin/dbstart文件$vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart82行 ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1修改为ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME步骤3：root新建oracle控制文件#vi /etc/init.d/oracle11gr2 内容为oracle11gr2脚本步骤4：让linux服务控制# chmod 774 /etc/init.d/oracle11gr2 # chkconfig --add oracle11gr2 这样开机将随机启动。同时也可以使用命令随时启动：#service oracle11gr2 start#service oracle11gr2 stop#service oracle11gr2 restart十、配置：(解决侦听失败，见文件)安装完成后,第一次启动是没有问题的，但是，重启动计算机后，你必需通过手工或者脚本启动数据库。1、手工启动数据库：以oracle用户执行dbstart,这个命令在我安装完成后，出现错误，我就把这个脚本修改了一下，利用文本编辑器打开dbstart，把78行的vi /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/ade/vikrkuma_new/oracle换成你自己的路径。ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/关闭数据库用dbshut就可以了。如果你需要使用isqlplus管理数据库，就要启动isqlplus,运行命令：isqlplusctl start | stop要使用基于web的企业管理器，就要运行命令：emctl start | stop dbconsole-----十二、常见sql全局配置文件vi   /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/sqlplus/admin/glogin.sql --dba add for oraclealter session set nls_date_format='YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS'; define _editor=viset serveroutput on size 1000000set trimspool onset long 5000set linesize 100set pagesize 9999column plan_plus_exp format a80column global_name new_value gnameset termout off define gname=idlecolumn global_name new_value gnameselect lower(user) || '@' || substr( global_name, 1,decode( dot, 0, length(global_name), dot-1) ) global_namefrom (select global_name, instr(global_name,'.') dot from global_name );set time onset sqlprompt '&gname>'----中文表设置create table t1(sid number,sname varchar2(20));insert into t1 values(101,'苏州');insert into t1 values(102,'oracle中文测试');