centos中安装gdbm以及编译运行第一个gdbm程序

1. 下载gdbm安装包：

    http://ubuntu.cn99.com/ubuntu/pool/main/g/gdbm/

   http://download.chinaunix.net/download/0004000/3484.shtml

   我下载的包名为：gdbm_1.8.3.orig.tar.bz2，gdbm-1.8.3.tar.gz，gdbm-1.9.1.tar.gz

2. 使用上面其中一个包应该都行，我使用gdbm_1.8.3.orig.tar.bz2，解压缩：tar jxvf gdbm_1.8.3.orig.tar.bz2，并把解压缩后的文件夹重命名为gdbm，进入gdbm目录，依次执行：./configure，make，make install命令，编译安装后，gdbm目录下为dbm库的相关头文件目录，gdbm/.libs目录为相关库文件目录；

  注：如果编译安装时有错误发生，可以试试其他gdbm包。

3. 测试代码如下：

#include <unistd.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <stdio.h>#include <fcntl.h>#include <ndbm.h>/* On some systems you need to replace the above with#include <gdbm-ndbm.h>*/#include <string.h>#define TEST_DB_FILE "/tmp/dbm1_test"#define ITEMS_USED 3/* A struct to use to test dbm */struct test_data {    char misc_chars[15];    int  any_integer;    char more_chars[21];};int main() {    struct test_data items_to_store[ITEMS_USED];    struct test_data item_retrieved;    char key_to_use[20];    int i, result;    datum key_datum;    datum data_datum;        DBM *dbm_ptr;    dbm_ptr = dbm_open(TEST_DB_FILE, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0666);    if (!dbm_ptr) {        fprintf(stderr, "Failed to open database\n");        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);    }        /* put some data in the structures */    memset(items_to_store, '\0', sizeof(items_to_store));    strcpy(items_to_store[0].misc_chars, "First!");    items_to_store[0].any_integer = 47;    strcpy(items_to_store[0].more_chars, "foo");    strcpy(items_to_store[1].misc_chars, "bar");    items_to_store[1].any_integer = 13;    strcpy(items_to_store[1].more_chars, "unlucky?");    strcpy(items_to_store[2].misc_chars, "Third");    items_to_store[2].any_integer = 3;    strcpy(items_to_store[2].more_chars, "baz");    for (i = 0; i < ITEMS_USED; i++) {            /* build a key to use */        sprintf(key_to_use, "%c%c%d",            items_to_store[i].misc_chars[0],            items_to_store[i].more_chars[0],            items_to_store[i].any_integer);            /* build the key datum strcture */        key_datum.dptr = (void *)key_to_use;        key_datum.dsize = strlen(key_to_use);        data_datum.dptr = (void *)&items_to_store[i];        data_datum.dsize = sizeof(struct test_data);        result = dbm_store(dbm_ptr, key_datum, data_datum, DBM_REPLACE);        if (result != 0) {            fprintf(stderr, "dbm_store failed on key %s\n", key_to_use);            exit(2);        }    } /* for */        /* now try and retrieve some data */    sprintf(key_to_use, "bu%d", 13); /* this is the key for the second item */    key_datum.dptr = key_to_use;    key_datum.dsize = strlen(key_to_use);    data_datum = dbm_fetch(dbm_ptr, key_datum);    if (data_datum.dptr) {        printf("Data retrieved\n");        memcpy(&item_retrieved, data_datum.dptr, data_datum.dsize);        printf("Retrieved item - %s %d %s\n",               item_retrieved.misc_chars,               item_retrieved.any_integer,               item_retrieved.more_chars);    }    else {        printf("No data found for key %s\n", key_to_use);    }    dbm_close(dbm_ptr);    exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);}

4. 编译运行：

  执行：gcc -o dbm11 -I/root/Desktop/1/gdbm /root/Desktop/dbm1.c  -L/root/Desktop/1/gdbm/.libs -lgdbm_compat -lgdbm

  执行：/root/Desktop/dbm11,此时可能会出现如下错误：

dbm11: error while loading shared libraries: libgdbm_compat.so.3: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

因为用到了动态库文件，解放方案如下：

find / -name "libgdbm_compat.so.3"
/root/Desktop/1/gdbm/.libs/libgdbm_compat.so.3

执行：export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/root/Desktop/1/gdbm/.libs:. 来指定动态库文件目录

再次执行：dbm11，输出如下：

Data retrieved
Retrieved item - bar 13 unlucky?

5. 错误情况：

1. 错误如下：

dbm1.c:(.text+0x2d): undefined reference to `dbm_open'

dbm1.c:(.text+0x250): undefined reference to `dbm_store'

dbm1.c:(.text+0x2fb): undefined reference to `dbm_fetch'

dbm1.c:(.text+0x38a): undefined reference to `dbm_close'

解决方案：需要链接一个gdbm_compat库才可以

参考网站：

http://blog.csdn.net/huiguixian/article/details/6447096

http://blog.csdn.net/hai__feng/article/details/9613849

http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2010-08/27780.htm