django1.6 博客的快速搭建first blog

一：系统环境

[root@centosTest mysitesec]# python --versionPython 2.7.3[root@centosTest mysitesec]# lsb_release -aLSB Version:    :base-4.0-amd64:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-amd64:core-4.0-noarch:graphics-4.0-amd64:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-amd64:printing-4.0-noarchDistributor ID: CentOSDescription:    CentOS release 6.4 (Final)Release:        6.4Codename:       Final[root@centosTest mysitesec]# 

django1.6.2

二:项目创建

django-admin.py startproject mysitesec

项目结构：

三：进入目录，运行服务

[root@centosTest django]# cd mysitesec/[root@centosTest mysitesec]# ll总用量 8-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  252 11月  5 04:23 manage.pydrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 11月  5 04:26 mysitesec[root@centosTest mysitesec]# python manage.py runserverValidating models...0 errors foundNovember 04, 2014 - 20:51:46Django version 1.6.2, using settings 'mysitesec.settings'Starting development server at http://127.0.0.1:8000/Quit the server with CONTROL-C.

四：创建blog应用

[root@centosTest mysitesec]# python manage.py startapp blog[root@centosTest mysitesec]# ll总用量 12drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 11月  5 04:59 blog-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  252 11月  5 04:23 manage.pydrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 11月  5 04:54 mysitesec[root@centosTest mysitesec]# pwd/data/download/django/mysitesec[root@centosTest mysitesec]# 

--待续

2014-11-06续：

五：创建model并同步数据库

现在我们打开blog目录下的models.py文件，这是我们定义blog数据结构的地方。

from django.db import models# Create your models here.class BlogsPost(models.Model):    title = models.CharField(max_length = 150)    body = models.TextField()    timestamp = models.DateTimeField()

同步数据库却报错如下：

.......

.......

django.db.utils.OperationalError: near "��N": syntax error

解决不了之后在另一台机器上重复上述步骤成功

同步数据库

[root@localhost mysite16_2]# python manage.py syncdbCreating tables ...Creating table django_admin_logCreating table auth_permissionCreating table auth_group_permissionsCreating table auth_groupCreating table auth_user_groupsCreating table auth_user_user_permissionsCreating table auth_userCreating table django_content_typeCreating table django_sessionYou just installed Django's auth system, which means you don't have any superusers defined.Would you like to create one now? (yes/no): yesUsername (leave blank to use 'root'): rootEmail address: [e-mail]: Password (again): Superuser created successfully.Installing custom SQL ...Installing indexes ...Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)[root@localhost mysite16_2]# 

六 ：设置admin应用

vi settings.py

INSTALLED_APPS = (    'django.contrib.admin',    'django.contrib.auth',    'django.contrib.contenttypes',    'django.contrib.sessions',    'django.contrib.messages',    'django.contrib.staticfiles',    'blog',)

vi urls.py

[root@localhost mysite16_2]# more mysite16_2/urls.pyfrom django.conf.urls import patterns, include, urlfrom django.contrib import adminadmin.autodiscover()urlpatterns = patterns('',    # Examples:    # url(r'^$', 'mysite16_2.views.home', name='home'),    # url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls')),    url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),)

创建数据到后台

[root@localhost mysite16_2]# vi blog/models.pyfrom django.db import modelsfrom django.contrib import admin# Create your models here.class BlogsPost(models.Model):    title = models.CharField(max_length = 150)    body = models.TextField()    timestamp = models.DateTimeField()admin.site.register(BlogsPost)

再次同步数据库

[root@localhost mysite16_2]# python manage.py syncdbCreating tables ...Creating table blog_blogspostInstalling custom SQL ...Installing indexes ...Installed 0 object(s) from 0 fixture(s)[root@localhost mysite16_2]# 

启动服务登录admin

root 123456

python mange.py runserver

add一个博客

编辑让他显示正确的标题

[root@localhost mysite16_2]# vi blog/models.pyfrom django.db import modelsfrom django.contrib import admin# Create your models here.class BlogsPost(models.Model):    title = models.CharField(max_length = 150)    body = models.TextField()    timestamp = models.DateTimeField()class BlogPostAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):    list_display = ('title','timestamp')admin.site.register(BlogsPost,BlogPostAdmin)

七：创建blog的公共部分

从Django的角度看，一个页面具有三个典型的组件：
一个模板（template）：模板负责把传递进来的信息显示出来。
一个视图（viw）：视图负责从数据库获取需要显示的信息。
一个URL模式：它负责把收到的请求和你的试图函数匹配，有时候也会向视
图传递一些参数。

7.1：创建模版页面让他在前台显示

查看表

[root@localhost mysite16_2]# sqlite3 db.sqlite3 SQLite version 3.6.20Enter ".help" for instructionsEnter SQL statements terminated with a ";"sqlite> .tablesauth_group                  auth_user_user_permissionsauth_group_permissions      blog_blogspost            auth_permission             django_admin_log          auth_user                   django_content_type       auth_user_groups            django_session            sqlite> select * from blog_blogspost;1|wenchao first blog|this is my first blog|2014-11-07 11:32:342|second blog|this is my second blog|2014-11-07 11:36:01sqlite> 

常见模版目录及模版文件

[root@localhost blog]# cd templates/[root@localhost templates]# lltotal 4-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 114 Nov  7 11:50 archive.html[root@localhost templates]# more archive.html {% for post in posts %}<h2>{{ post.title }}</h2><p>{{ post.timestamp }}</p><p>{{ post.body }}</p>{% endfor %}[root@localhost templates]# pwd/root/Desktop/data/download/django/mysite16_2/blog/templates[root@localhost templates]# 

注册模版文件

在settings.py中增加

TEMPLATE_DIRS = ('/root/Desktop/data/download/django/mysite16_2/blog/templates',)

7.2：创建视图函数

[root@localhost mysite16_2]# cd ../blog/[root@localhost blog]# more views.pyfrom django.shortcuts import renderfrom django.template import loader,Contextfrom django.http import HttpResponsefrom blog.models import BlogsPost# Create your views here.def archive(request):    posts = BlogsPost.objects.all()    t = loader.get_template("archive.html")    c = Context({'posts':posts})    return HttpResponse(t.render(c))[root@localhost blog]#   pwd/root/Desktop/data/download/django/mysite16_2/blog[root@localhost blog]# 

posts = BlogPost.objects.all() ：获取数据库里面所拥有BlogPost对象
t = loader.get_template("archive.html")：加载模板
c = Context({'posts':posts})：模板的渲染的数据是有一个字典类的对象Conte
xt提供，这里的是一对键值对。

7.3：创建url模式

增加blog的url

[root@localhost mysite16_2]# more urls.pyfrom django.conf.urls import patterns, include, urlfrom django.contrib import adminadmin.autodiscover()urlpatterns = patterns('',    # Examples:    # url(r'^$', 'mysite16_2.views.home', name='home'),    url(r'^blog/', include('blog.urls')),    url(r'^admin/', include(admin.site.urls)),)[root@localhost mysite16_2]# pwd/root/Desktop/data/download/django/mysite16_2/mysite16_2[root@localhost mysite16_2]# 

在blog应用中创建blog文件

[root@localhost blog]# more urls.pyfrom django.conf.urls import *from blog.views import archiveurlpatterns = patterns('',                       url(r'^$',archive),                      )[root@localhost blog]# pwd/root/Desktop/data/download/django/mysite16_2/blog[root@localhost blog]# 

之所以在blog应用下面又创建urls.py文件，是为了降低耦合度。这样mysite/
urls.py文件针对的是每个项目的url。

八：启动服务看前台显示的效果

应该是python路径找不到的问题

我的解决方法如下

[root@localhost blog]# cd /usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages/[root@localhost site-packages]# ll *pth-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 30 Feb 23  2013 abrt.pth-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 47 Nov  7 12:45 path.pth[root@localhost site-packages]# more path.pth /root/Desktop/data/download/django/mysite16_2/[root@localhost site-packages]# echo $PYTHONPATH[root@localhost site-packages]# pythonPython 2.6.6 (r266:84292, Feb 22 2013, 00:00:18) [GCC 4.4.7 20120313 (Red Hat 4.4.7-3)] on linux2Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import sys>>> sys.path['', '/usr/lib64/python26.zip', '/usr/lib64/python2.6', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/plat-linux2', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-tk', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-old', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/lib-dynload', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/gst-0.10', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/gtk-2.0', '/usr/lib64/python2.6/site-packages/webkit-1.0', '/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages', '/root/Desktop/data/download/django/mysite16_2']>>> KeyboardInterrupt>>> [root@localhost site-packages]# pwd/usr/lib/python2.6/site-packages[root@localhost site-packages]# 

更多方法详见：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_66fce99f0101e71c.html

九：样式修改

创建基础模版

[root@localhost templates]# more base.html <html><style type="text/css">body{color:#efd;background:#453;padding:0 5em;margin:0}h1{padding:2em 1em;background:#675}h2{color:#bf8;border-top:1px dotted #fff;margin-top:2em}p{margin:1em 0}</style><body><h1>fuwenchao first blog</h1><h3>hehe</h3>{% block content %}{% endblock %}</body></html>[root@localhost templates]# 

修改模版引用基础模版

[root@localhost templates]# more archive.html {% extends "base.html" %}{% block content %}{% for post in posts %}<h2>{{ post.title }}</h2><p>{{ post.timestamp }}</p><p>{{ post.body }}</p>{% endfor %}{% endblock %}[root@localhost templates]# 

测试：