java CountDownLatch类的使用

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CountDownLatch是一个同步辅助类，犹如倒计时计数器，创建对象时通过构造方法设置初始值，调用CountDownLatch对象的await()方法则处于等待状态，调用countDown()方法就将计数器减1，当计数到达0时，则所有等待者或单个等待者开始执行。

主要方法

public CountDownLatch(int count);

public void countDown();

public void await() throws InterruptedException

以下举例子说明用法：

1. public class CountDownLatchDemo {
final static SimpleDateFormat sdf=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");
public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
CountDownLatch latch=new CountDownLatch(2);//两个工人的协作
Worker worker1=new Worker("zhang san", 5000, latch);
Worker worker2=new Worker("li si", 8000, latch);
worker1.start();//
worker2.start();//
latch.await();//等待所有工人完成工作
System.out.println("all work done at "+sdf.format(new Date()));
}

static class Worker extends Thread{
String workerName;
int workTime;
CountDownLatch latch;
public Worker(String workerName ,int workTime ,CountDownLatch latch){
this.workerName=workerName;
this.workTime=workTime;
this.latch=latch;
}
public void run(){
System.out.println("Worker "+workerName+" do work begin at "+sdf.format(new Date()));
doWork();//工作了
System.out.println("Worker "+workerName+" do work complete at "+sdf.format(new Date()));
latch.countDown();//工人完成工作，计数器减一

}

private void doWork(){
try {
Thread.sleep(workTime);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}

输出：

Worker zhang san do work begin at 2011-04-14 11:05:11
Worker li si do work begin at 2011-04-14 11:05:11
Worker zhang san do work complete at 2011-04-14 11:05:16
Worker li si do work complete at 2011-04-14 11:05:19
all work done at 2011-04-14 11:05:19

package com.thread;
import java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch;
import java.util.concurrent.CyclicBarrier;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
/**
*
* @author Administrator
*该程序用来模拟发送命令与执行命令，主线程代表指挥官，新建3个线程代表战士，战士一直等待着指挥官下达命令，
*若指挥官没有下达命令，则战士们都必须等待。一旦命令下达，战士们都去执行自己的任务，指挥官处于等待状态，战士们任务执行完毕则报告给
*指挥官，指挥官则结束等待。
*/
public class CountdownLatchTest {

public static void main(String[] args) {
ExecutorService service = Executors.newCachedThreadPool(); //创建一个线程池
final CountDownLatch cdOrder = new CountDownLatch(1);//指挥官的命令，设置为1，指挥官一下达命令，则cutDown,变为0，战士们执行任务
final CountDownLatch cdAnswer = new CountDownLatch(3);//因为有三个战士，所以初始值为3，每一个战士执行任务完毕则cutDown一次，当三个都执行完毕，变为0，则指挥官停止等待。
for(int i=0;i<3;i++){
Runnable runnable = new Runnable(){
public void run(){
try {
System.out.println("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
"正准备接受命令");
cdOrder.await(); //战士们都处于等待命令状态
System.out.println("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
"已接受命令");
Thread.sleep((long)(Math.random()*10000));
System.out.println("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
"回应命令处理结果");
cdAnswer.countDown(); //任务执行完毕，返回给指挥官，cdAnswer减1。
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
};
service.execute(runnable);//为线程池添加任务
}
try {
Thread.sleep((long)(Math.random()*10000));

System.out.println("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
"即将发布命令");
cdOrder.countDown(); //发送命令，cdOrder减1，处于等待的战士们停止等待转去执行任务。
System.out.println("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
"已发送命令，正在等待结果");
cdAnswer.await(); //命令发送后指挥官处于等待状态，一旦cdAnswer为0时停止等待继续往下执行
System.out.println("线程" + Thread.currentThread().getName() +
"已收到所有响应结果");
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
service.shutdown(); //任务结束，停止线程池的所有线程
}
}

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