在linux下安装oracle客户端

本次测试为red hat的as3版本，oracle为9.2.0.4。

1、配置好系统参数
修改 /etc/sysctl.conf 加入以下的语句：
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 
修改 /etc/security/limits.conf 加入以下语句：
oracle soft nofile 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384

2、创建oracle的组、用户
# groupadd oinstall (在安装oracle时UNIX Group name：oinstall)
# groupadd dba
# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
# passwd oracle

3、创建安装路径，设置权限
4、修改gcc的版本，修改相应文件连接
as3为gcc323，要用gcc296的版本才能安装
5、把如下代码编辑成shell文件，然后运行一下，处理一下系统的字符集。

 

#!/bin/bash
#
#change rh8 chinese fonts to simsun
#This is a GPL sript. The content comes form Xiang Yu. Thanks him.
#usage:
#1, install rh8 and select simplified chinese.
#2, make a temple directory in anywhere you prefer.
# for example /usr/local/temp
# copy 'where/it/has/the/windows_fonts/simsun.ttc' and
#all of these fonts, simsun.ttc、SimSun18030.ttc、tahoma.ttf and tahomabd.ttf
# to this temp place /usr/local/temp
#3, copy this shell script into this directory.
#4, run it
#5, set the fonts to your most prefered ones in gnome, kde and xmms and others.

#first, put the fonts to the correct dir.
export CDIR=/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType
#export CDIR=/usr/local/btest
export XFConfig=/etc/X11/XF86Config
#export XFConfig=/usr/local/atest/XF86Config
export GTKRC=/etc/gtk/gtkrc.zh_CN
#export GTKRC=/usr/local/atest/gtkrc.zh_CN
export GNOMERC=/etc/gnome/gtkrc.zh_CN
#export GNOMERC=/usr/local/atest/gnome/gtkrc.zh_CN
export FONTSCONF=/etc/fonts/fonts.conf
#export FONTSCONF=/usr/local/atest/fonts.conf
export CHINPUTAD=/usr/lib/Chinput/Chinput.ad
#export CHINPUTAD=/usr/local/atest/Chinput.ad
export XMMSMO=/usr/share/locale
#export XMMSMO=/usr/local/atest

mkdir $CDIR

#copy the fonts to it
cp simsun.ttc $CDIR/simsun.ttf
cp SimSun18030.ttc $CDIR/SimSun18030.ttf
cp t* $CDIR/

#copy encodings
cp /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/encodings/encodings.dir $CDIR/

#make the fonts.dir
echo '62
tahoma.ttf -misc-kai-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-ascii-0
tahoma.ttf -misc-kai-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
tahoma.ttf -misc-kai-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-15
simsun.ttf -misc-kai-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
simsun.ttf -misc-kai-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
simsun.ttf -misc-kai-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
simsun.ttf -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
simsun.ttf -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
simsun.ttf -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
tahoma.ttf -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
SimSun18030.ttf -misc-SimSun18030-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ai=0.3:SimSun18030.ttf -misc-SimSun18030-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ds=y:SimSun18030.ttf -misc-SimSun18030-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
ds=y:ai=0.3:SimSun18030.ttf -misc-SimSun18030-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb18030.2000-0
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
tahoma.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
ai=0.3:tahoma.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
tahomabd.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
ai=0.3:tahomabd.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-fcd8859-15
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-fcd8859-15
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-fcd8859-15
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-fcd8859-15
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-15
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-15
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-15
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-15
simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-SimSun-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1
simsun.ttf -misc-song-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-song-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-song-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-song-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gb2312.1980-0
tahoma.ttf -misc-song-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
ai=0.3:tahoma.ttf -misc-song-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
tahomabd.ttf -misc-song-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
ai=0.3:tahomabd.ttf -misc-song-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-1
simsun.ttf -misc-song-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-song-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-song-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-song-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
simsun.ttf -tlc-song-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -tlc-song-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ds=y:simsun.ttf -tlc-song-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
ds=y:ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -tlc-song-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-gbk-0
simsun.ttf -misc-song-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-fcd8859-15
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-song-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-fcd8859-15
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-song-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-fcd8859-15
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-song-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-fcd8859-15
simsun.ttf -misc-song-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-15
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-song-medium-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-15
ds=y:simsun.ttf -misc-song-bold-r-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-15
ai=0.3:simsun.ttf -misc-song-bold-i-normal--0-0-0-0-p-0-iso8859-15' > $CDIR/fonts.dir

#make the fonts.scale
cat $CDIR/fonts.dir > $CDIR/fonts.scale

#modify $XFConfig
sed -e '/^Section[[:space:]]*"Files"/,/^EndSection/{
/^[[:space:]]*FontPath[[:space:]]*"/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType"/d
/RgbPath/a
FontPath "/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType"
}' -e '/Section[[:space:]]*"Module"/,/^EndSection/{
/^[[:space:]]*Load[[:space:]]*"freetype"/d
/^[[:space:]]*Load[[:space:]]*"record"/d
/^[[:space:]]*Load[[:space:]]*"type1"/d
/^[[:space:]]*Load[[:space:]]*"xtt"/d
s/EndSection/ Load "xtt"
EndSection/
}' $XFConfig > ~/tmpfile

cat ~/tmpfile > $XFConfig

#modify gtkrc.zh_CN
sed -e '{
/^[[:space:]]*fontset/,/-r-*"/d
/{/a
 fontset    =    "-*-*-medium-r-normal--12-*-*-*-*-*-iso10646-1,*-r-*"
}' $GTKRC > ~/tmpfile

cat ~/tmpfile > $GTKRC

#modify gnome/gtkrc
sed -e 's/^[[:space:]]*fontset[[:space:]]*=.*"/ fontset = "-misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--12-*-*-*-*-*-iso10646-1"/' $GNOMERC > ~/tmpfile

cat ~/tmpfile > $GNOMERC

#modify $FONTSCONF
sed -e '{
/<dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType</dir>/d
s/<dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1</dir>/<dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType</dir>
              <dir>/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/Type1</dir>/
}' $FONTSCONF > ~/tmpfile

cat ~/tmpfile > $FONTSCONF

sed -e '/If[[:space:]]*the[[:space:]]*font/,/</match>/s/<string>.*</string>/<string>SimSun</string>/' $FONTSCONF > ~/tmpfile

cat ~/tmpfile > $FONTSCONF

sed -e '/<string>zh</string>/,/</edit>/s/<bool>.*</bool>/<bool>true</bool>/' $FONTSCONF > ~/tmpfile

cat ~/tmpfile > $FONTSCONF

sed -e '/<family>monospace</family>/,/</prefer>/{
/<family>SimSun</family>/d
/<prefer>/a
                 <family>SimSun</family>
}' $FONTSCONF > ~/tmpfile

cat ~/tmpfile > $FONTSCONF

#modify $CHINPUTAD
sed -e 's/chinput.gb18030font[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*.*/chinput.gb18030font = -misc-SimSun-medium-r-normal--0-0-0-0-c-0-iso10646-1/' -e 's/xft.font.family[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*.*/xft.font.family = SimSun/' $CHINPUTAD > ~/tmpfile
cat ~/tmpfile > $CHINPUTAD

#cp the files for xmms in the system default locale gb18030
mkdir $XMMSMO/zh_CN.GB18030
cp -a $XMMSMO/zh_CN.GB2312/* $XMMSMO/zh_CN.GB18030/

#Gao Ding it!
reboot
echo 'done! check that files now!'

6、设置环境变量
用oracle用户登陆，修改主目录下的.bash_profile文件，加入以下
#export DISPLAY=localhost:12.0
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/9.2.0.4
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin:$PATH
export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
export ORACLE_SID=ITTest
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export LD_ASSUME_KERNEL=2.4.1
export THREADS_FLAG=native
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export NLS_LANG="SIMPLIFIED CHINESE_CHINA.ZHS16GBK"
#export NLS_LANG="American_america.zhs16gbk"
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data

#export LANG=en_US
#export GDM_LANG=en_US
#export LC=en_US

在安装结束后，对LANG可做一些调整。

7、开始安装oracle，在安装时，选择client就可以安装客户端了。
8、修改服务名。
 先修改一下语言，然后使用命令netmgr，打开服务名的管理页面，然后在service Naming下编辑要连接的SID
9、测试
#sqlplus/nolog
#conn

总结：
尽信书不如无书。