第一个java小游戏，贪吃蛇~真心求改进

import java.net.*;import java.awt.*;import java.applet.*;import javax.swing.*;import java.lang.Math;import java.awt.event.*;import java.awt.image.*;import java.io.File;import java.io.*;import java.lang.Object.*;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Scanner;// 建立一个蛇类class Snake{// x,y代表蛇头的位置,rate代表速度，dre代表方向，count用来计数,length代表长度，lastrate代表改变速度的上一次的速度，lastdre代表改变方向后的上一次方向，flag用于标记蛇是否吃了失误（用于刷新图像的时候）private int x,y,rate,dre,count = 0,length,lastrate = 20,lastdre,flag = 0,f;// s 代表的是蛇int[][] s = new int[300][2];// 蛇的移动，传入的参数sleeptime是线程的睡眠时间,eat代表的是传入是否吃到食物的状态public int changeSnake(int sleeptime,boolean eat)//返回0代表死亡，2不动，1代表移动成功{if(eat == true){flag = 1;}count += sleeptime;f = count;if(count >= rate){count = 0;int tempx = x,tempy = y;if(x + dre/10 * 15 == s[1][0] && y + dre%10 * 15 == s[1][1]){dre = lastdre;}x += dre/10 * 15;//方向表示分别是10，-10,1，-1，方便改变方向y += dre%10 * 15;for(int i = 3; i < length; i++)//如果碰到蛇身，返回死亡状态{if(x == s[i][0] && y == s[i][1]){return 0;}}if(x > 15 * 30)x = 15;else if(x < 15)x = 15 * 30;if(y > 15 * 20)y = 15;else if(y < 15)y = 15 * 20;s[0][0] = x;s[0][1] = y;int a,b,i;for(i = 1; i < length - 1; i++){a = s[i][0];b = s[i][1];s[i][0] = tempx;s[i][1] = tempy;tempx = a;tempy = b;}if(flag == 1){// System.out.println(length);length++;s[i + 1][0] = s[i][0];s[i + 1][1] = s[i][1];flag = 0;}s[i][0] = tempx;s[i][1] = tempy;return 1;}return 2;}// 获得长度public void changeLength(){length++;}public void changeLength(int length){this.length = length;}// 传入一个点，判断是否处于蛇身public int local(int x,int y){for(int i = 0; i < length; i++){if(s[i][0] == x && s[i][1] == y)return 0;}return 1;}// 改变方向，lastdre存储改变前的速度public void changeDre(int dre){lastdre = this.dre;this.dre = dre;}// 改变速度，lastrate代表改变前的速度public void changeRate(int rate){if(this.rate != rate)lastrate = this.rate;this.rate = rate;}// 得到lastratepublic int getLastrate(){return lastrate;}// 得到蛇头坐标public int getx(){return x;}// 得到蛇头y坐标public int gety(){return y;}// 得到速度public int getRate(){return rate;}public void changeXY(int x,int y){this.x = x;this.y = y;}// 根据传入的值来得到蛇身的坐标public int getX(int i){return s[i][0];}public int getY(int i){return s[i][1];}// 得到方向public int getDre(){return dre;}public void changeLocal(int i,int x,int y){s[i][0] = x;s[i][1] = y;}// 得到长度public int getLength(){return length;}// 绘制蛇身public void draw(Graphics2D g){for(int i = 0; i < length; i++){g.setColor(Color.RED);g.drawRect(s[i][0],s[i][1],15,15);}}// 初始化蛇身public void setSnake(){flag = 0;count = 0;int a = (int)(Math.random() * 3);switch (a){case 0:dre = 1;break;case 1:dre = 10;break;case 2:dre = -1;break;case 3:dre = -10;break;}length = 2;x = 10 * 15;y = 7 * 15;flag = 0;}}// 创建一个食物的类class Dot{// x,y代表坐标，flag没用，len 代表链表中前置存储的长度，pl代表这个点的状态private int x,y,flag = 0,len = 0,pl;private boolean eat;//创建一个链表，先存储所有的坐标，后将蛇身，墙丢入链表前方，len 来得知前面有多少个public ArrayList<Dot> wall = new ArrayList<Dot>();// 初始化链表，把所有的点丢入进去public void setList(){for(int i = 1; i <= 29; i++){for(int j = 1; j <= 19; j++){Dot dot = new Dot();dot.x = (i + 1) * 15;dot.y = (j + 1) * 15;wall.add(dot);}}}// 丢入蛇，因为会不断刷新，所以需要重新写public void addList(){for(int i = 0; i < len; i++){Dot dot = new Dot();int b = wall.indexOf(-1);if(b == -1)break;dot = wall.get(b);dot.pl = 0;wall.remove(-1);wall.add(dot);len--;}}// 重写equals判断方法，用于判断状态public boolean equals(int pl){// System.out.println("=======");if( this.pl == pl)return true;return false;}// 初始化前置长度public void changeLen(){len = 0;}// 也是加入坐标，但是这个加入的是墙，不会不断的刷新public void checkList(int x,int y,int b){for(int i = len; i < wall.size(); i++){if(x == wall.get(i).x && y == wall.get(i).y){wall.remove(i);Dot dot = new Dot();dot.x = x;dot.y = y;dot.pl = b;wall.add(0,dot);len++;return ;}}}// 改变食物的状态public void changeEat(){if(eat == true)eat = false;elseeat = true;}// 得到x坐标public int getx(){return x;}// 得到y坐标public int gety(){return y;}// 初始化点，从len 以后初始化，因为前面存储的是墙和蛇的坐标public void setDot(){flag = 0;eat = false;int index = (int)( Math.random() * (wall.size() - len)) + len;this.x = wall.get(index).x;this.y = wall.get(index).y;flag = 1;}// 绘制点public void draw(Graphics2D g){if(flag == 0)return ;g.setColor(Color.RED);g.fillRect(x,y,15,15);}}// 写一个墙类class Wall{// 二维数组存储墙的坐标private int[][] wallxy = new int[100][2];int flag = 0;// 初始化墙，地图只有一个，写得很简单public void setWall(){int i;wallxy[0][0] = 15 * 18;wallxy[0][1] = 75;wallxy[10][1] = 75;wallxy[10][0] = 75;for(i = 1; i < 10; i++){wallxy[i][0] = wallxy[i - 1][0] + 15;wallxy[i][1] = 75;}i++;for(;i < 20; i++){wallxy[i][0] = 75;wallxy[i][1] = wallxy[i - 1][1] + 15;}}// 返回wall的坐标，这里使用的是返回二维数组public int[][] getWall(){return wallxy;}// 绘制墙public void draw(Graphics2D g){for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++){g.setColor(Color.black);g.fillRect(wallxy[i][0],wallxy[i][1],15,15);}}}// 创建一个文件存储和读取的类class saveAndRead{public void save(Snake s,Dot dot){try(// 一次性创建PrintStream输出流PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(new FileOutputStream("snakelines.txt"))){// 将标准输出重定向到PS输出流System.setOut(ps);System.out.println(s.getLength() + " " + s.getDre() + " " + s.getLastrate());System.out.println(s.getX(0) + " " + s.getY(0));for(int i = 0; i < s.getLength(); i++)System.out.println(s.getX(i) +" " +  s.getY(i));System.out.println(s.getLength() - 2);System.out.println(dot.getx() + " " + dot.gety());}catch (IOException ex){ex.printStackTrace();}}public Snake readSnake(){Snake s = new Snake();try(FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("snakelines.txt")){// 将标准输入重定向到fis输入流System.setIn(fis);// 使用System.in创建Scanner对象，用于获取标准输入Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);// 增加下面一行只把回车作为分隔符//sc.useDelimiter("\n");int a = sc.nextInt();s.changeLength(a);a = sc.nextInt();s.changeDre(a);System.out.println(a);a = sc.nextInt();s.changeRate(a);int b = s.getLength();s.changeXY(sc.nextInt(),sc.nextInt());for(int i = 0; i < b; i++){s.changeLocal(i,sc.nextInt(),sc.nextInt());}}catch (IOException ex){ex.printStackTrace();}return s;}}// 主类，主要是界面，另外用线程绘制，以及画布调用class Snakelines extends JFrame{// 定义一个标准宽和高private static final int WIDTH = 500,HEIGHT = 400;// 定义成绩private int grade,bestgrade;// dre代表方向，rate代表速度，isGo用于判断是否结束，SLEEPTIME代表线程睡眠时间int dre,Rate,isGo = 1,flag = 1,SLEEPTIME = 20;// k代表是否迟到的参数，pp用于控制结束游戏的对话框显示private boolean k = false,pp = false;// 继承画布的类，这里是new一个新的画布类MyCanvas tableArea = new MyCanvas();// 是否借宿游戏的对话框JDialog d = new JDialog(this,"是否结束游戏",true);// Jpanel容器收容的是下面两个Button按钮JPanel p = new JPanel();JButton gameContinue = new JButton("继续游戏");JButton gameOver = new JButton("结束游戏");// 定义一个选择是否读取存储的对话框JDialog read = new JDialog(this,"读取存档",true);JPanel readd = new JPanel();JButton readyes = new JButton("是");JButton readno = new JButton("否");// 定义一个选择是否存储的对话框JDialog save = new JDialog(this,"存档",true);JPanel savee = new JPanel();JButton saveyes = new JButton("是");JButton saveno = new JButton("否");// 创建一个是否读取数据的对话框//JDialog Read = new JDialog("")// 速度选择的对话框JDialog dialogdif = new JDialog(this,"速度选择",true);JPanel paneldif = new JPanel();JButton dif20 = new JButton("最高速度");JButton dif40 = new JButton("高速度");JButton dif60 = new JButton("中速度");JButton dif80 = new JButton("低速度");JButton dif100 = new JButton("最低速度");// 定义一个菜单条，收容的是下面的几个选项JMenuBar mb = new JMenuBar();JMenu game = new JMenu("游戏");JMenuItem newGame = new JMenuItem("新游戏");JMenuItem dif = new JMenuItem("速度选择");JMenuItem exit = new JMenuItem("退出");JMenuItem stop = new JMenuItem("暂停/继续");JMenuItem saveItem = new JMenuItem("存档");// 定义一个缓冲图像，这里是双缓冲BufferedImage offersetImage = new BufferedImage(WIDTH + 200, HEIGHT + 50,BufferedImage.TYPE_3BYTE_BGR);Snake s;Dot dot = new Dot();Wall wall = new Wall();// 定义一个数组用于存储墙的坐标int[][] qq =  new int[20][2];// 使用AudioClip抽象类，存储两个音效AudioClip[] audioClip = new AudioClip[2];// 这里是多线程，先new一新的线程出来ThreadUpadte gg = new ThreadUpadte();saveAndRead sar = new saveAndRead();// 加载音效public void Audio(){// 使用File抽象类，存储两个文件音频File[] file = new File[]{new File("5012.wav"),new File("3139.wav")};// 将两个文件的路径转化为URL路径for(int i = 0; i < 2; i++){try{audioClip[i] = Applet.newAudioClip(file[i].toURI().toURL());System.out.println(file[i].toURI().toURL());}catch(MalformedURLException e1){e1.printStackTrace();}}}// 这里是使用构造器，写一个方法也可以，构造器调用方便一点public Snakelines(){Audio();// 得到墙的坐标qq = wall.getWall();// 设置窗口大小this.setBounds(300, 200, WIDTH + 200, HEIGHT + 50);// 设置窗口可否拉伸，这里设置的是不可以拉伸this.setResizable(false);readd.add(readyes,BorderLayout.EAST);readyes.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){s = sar.readSnake();wall.setWall();dot.wall.clear();dot.setList();read.setVisible(false);}});readd.add(readno,BorderLayout.WEST);readno.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){// 初始化s = new Snake();s.setSnake();s.changeRate(120);wall.setWall();dot.wall.clear();dot.setList();read.setVisible(false);}});read.add(readd);read.setBounds(400,300,150,100);read.setVisible(false);read.setResizable(false);savee.add(saveyes,BorderLayout.EAST);saveyes.addActionListener( new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){sar.save(s,dot);save.setVisible(false);}});savee.add(saveno,BorderLayout.WEST);saveno.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){save.setVisible(false);}});save.add(savee);save.setBounds(400,300,150,100);read.setVisible(false);save.setResizable(false);try{FileInputStream fis = new FileInputStream("snakelines.txt");if(fis.read() != -1){read.setVisible(true);}else {// 初始化s = new Snake();s.setSnake();s.changeRate(120);wall.setWall();dot.wall.clear();dot.setList();}}catch (IOException ie){ie.printStackTrace();}// w也是存储墙，这里是一开始写重复了，后来没有改int[][] w = wall.getWall();// 将墙的坐标加入到点类里面的链表去for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++){dot.checkList(w[i][0],w[i][1],1);}// 初始化食物dot.setDot();// 加入各种组件；p.add(gameContinue,BorderLayout.EAST);p.add(gameOver,BorderLayout.WEST);d.add(p);d.setBounds(400,300,200,80);d.setResizable(false);dialogdif.setBounds(400,300,150,250);paneldif.add(dif40);// 添加事件监听器dif40.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){s.changeRate(40);dialogdif.setVisible(false);pp = false;}});paneldif.add(dif60);dif60.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){s.changeRate(80);dialogdif.setVisible(false);pp = false;}});paneldif.add(dif80);dif80.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){s.changeRate(120);dialogdif.setVisible(false);pp = false;}});paneldif.add(dif100);dif100.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){s.changeRate(200);dialogdif.setVisible(false);pp = false;}});dialogdif.add(paneldif);dialogdif.setVisible(false);// 为继续游戏这个按钮添加初始化功能gameContinue.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){d.setVisible(false);s.setSnake();flag = 1;grade = 0;dot.wall.clear();dot.setList();int[][] w = wall.getWall();for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++){dot.checkList(w[i][0],w[i][1],1);}dot.setDot();pp = false;SLEEPTIME = 20;}});// 结束游戏直接退出gameOver.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){System.exit(0);}});stop.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('Z',InputEvent.CTRL_MASK));stop.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){if(s.getLastrate() > 1000 || pp == false){pp = true;s.changeRate(100000);}elses.changeRate(s.getLastrate());}});exit.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){s.changeRate(10000);save.setVisible(true);System.exit(0);}});newGame.setAccelerator(KeyStroke.getKeyStroke('N',InputEvent.CTRL_MASK));// 新游戏添加初始化功能，上面设置快捷键，ctrl+nnewGame.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){s.setSnake();flag = 1;grade = 0;dot.wall.clear();dot.setList();int[][] w = wall.getWall();for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++){dot.checkList(w[i][0],w[i][1],1);}dot.setDot();pp = false;}});dif.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){if(s.getLastrate() > 1000 || pp == false){pp = true;s.changeRate(100000);}elses.changeRate(s.getLastrate());dialogdif.setVisible(true);}});saveItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener(){public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){s.changeRate(10000);save.setVisible(true);s.changeRate(s.getLastrate());}});game.add(newGame);game.add(stop);game.add(dif);game.addSeparator();game.add(saveItem);game.addSeparator();game.add(exit);mb.add(game);this.setJMenuBar(mb);tableArea.setBounds(0,0,700,420);// 添加画布this.add(tableArea);// 添加方向键和空格键按下松开不同状态的事件监听器KeyAdapter keyProcessor = new KeyAdapter(){public void keyPressed(KeyEvent ke){dre = s.getDre();switch ( ke.getKeyCode()){case KeyEvent.VK_UP:if(dre!= 1 && dre != -1){s.changeDre(-1);}break;case KeyEvent.VK_DOWN:if(dre != -1 && dre != 1){s.changeDre(1);}break;case KeyEvent.VK_LEFT:if(dre != -10 && dre != 10){s.changeDre(-10);}break;case KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT:if(dre != -10 && dre != 10){s.changeDre(10);}break;case KeyEvent.VK_SPACE:s.changeRate(20);}}public void keyReleased(KeyEvent ke){if(ke.getKeyCode() == KeyEvent.VK_SPACE){s.changeRate(s.getLastrate());}}};this.addKeyListener(keyProcessor);tableArea.addKeyListener(keyProcessor);this.setTitle("贪吃蛇");this.pack();this.setDefaultCloseOperation(EXIT_ON_CLOSE);this.addWindowListener(new WindowAdapter(){public void windowClosing(WindowEvent e){s.changeRate(10000);save.setVisible(true);}});this.setVisible(true);new Thread(gg).start();}// 通过接口实现新线程的类class ThreadUpadte implements Runnable {//boolean pl;public void run() {// 实现不停的绘制while (true) {try {// 线程休眠Thread.sleep(SLEEPTIME);// 每次不断的让k的值为false初始化k = false;// 如果吃到食物if(s.getx() == dot.getx() && s.gety() == dot.gety()){dot.changeEat();dot.setDot();grade++;k = true;audioClip[0].play();dot.addList();for(int i = 0; i < s.getLength(); i++){dot.checkList(s.getX(i),s.getY(i),-1);}}// 得到移动之后的状态isGo = s.changeSnake(SLEEPTIME,k);if(isGo == 1){for(int i = 0; i < 20; i++){if(qq[i][0] == s.getx() && qq[i][1] == s.gety()){isGo = 0;break;}}}// 重新绘制tableArea.repaint();if(isGo == 0){audioClip[1].play();SLEEPTIME = 10000;d.setVisible(true);}} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}}}class MyCanvas extends Canvas{// update方法实现的是覆盖public void update(Graphics g){// 始终是在缓冲图像上绘制Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) offersetImage.getGraphics();g2d.setColor(Color.white);g2d.fillRect(0,0,500 + 200,400 + 150);g2d.setColor(Color.black);g2d.drawRect(15,15,15 * 30 + 200,15 * 20);g2d.setColor(Color.black);g2d.drawLine(15+15 * 30,15,15 + 15 * 30,15 + 15 * 20);g2d.setColor(Color.blue);g2d.setFont(new Font("Times", Font.BOLD,20));g2d.drawString("当前分数为:\n    " + String.valueOf(s.getLength() - 2),20 + 450,100);if(isGo == 0){g2d.setColor(new Color(255, 0, 0));g2d.setFont(new Font("Times" , Font.BOLD, 30));g2d.drawString("游戏结束",150,200);flag = 0;}else if(flag == 1){s.draw(g2d);dot.draw(g2d);wall.draw(g2d);}else{g2d.setColor(new Color(255, 0, 0));g2d.setFont(new Font("Times" , Font.BOLD, 30));g2d.drawString("游戏结束",150,200);}// 将缓冲图片放到画布上去g.drawImage(offersetImage, 0, 0, null);g.dispose();}// 重写绘制方法public void paint(Graphics g){update(g);}}public static void main(String[] args){// 这里就是构造器的使用new Snakelines();}}