无废话WCF入门教程六[一个简单的Demo]

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一、前言

%26nbsp;%26nbsp;%26nbsp; 前面的几个章节介绍了很多理论基础，如：什么是WCF、WCF中的A、B、C。WCF的传输模式。本文从零开始和大家一起写一个小的WCF应用程序Demo。

%26nbsp;%26nbsp;%26nbsp; 大多框架的学习都是从增、删、改、查开始来学习的，我们学习WCF也是一样的。从简单来看(不包括安全、优化等相关问题)，WCF的增删改查和WebForm相差无几。WCF只是把具体%26ldquo;实现%26rdquo;写在%26ldquo;Service端%26rdquo;，而%26ldquo;调用%26rdquo;放在了%26ldquo;Client端%26rdquo;。觉得有帮助别忘了点个赞哈，谢谢哦~

二、Demo说明

1）Demo的 %26ldquo;Service端%26rdquo;以本机IIS为宿主，%26ldquo;Client端%26rdquo;以WebForm项目为例。

2）Demo的%26ldquo;Service端%26rdquo;提取数据采用初学者比较容易接受的分层结构进行搭建，分别分为服务层、实体层、数据层。

引用关系如下图所示：

3）Demo以数据库为SqlServer，表User为例(sql语句在下载的压缩包中Init.sql)，表结构如下所示：

字段名

列名

数据类型

约束

生成方式

用户编号

UserID

int

主键，必须输入

自动增+1

姓名

Name

varchar(200)

非必须输入

人工输入

密码

Password

varchar(200)

非必须输入

人工输入

描述

Discribe

varchar(800)

非必须输入

人工输入

提交时间

SubmitTime

datetime

非必须输入

人工输入

三、创建Service端宿主

1）创建WCF应用程序命名为：WCF.Demo.Service，如下图：

2）删除默认文件IService.cs与Service.svc。并分别创建增、删、改、查%26rdquo;Add.svc%26rdquo;、%26ldquo;Save.svc%26rdquo;、%26ldquo;Remove.svc%26rdquo;、%26ldquo;Get.svc，Search.svc%26rdquo;，分别对应4个功能的服务应用程序WCF服务应用程序，并创建数据操作层和数据实体层，如下图：

3）增加实体层和数据操作层代码，如下所示：

 1     //用户实体 2     [DataContract] 3     public class User 4     { 5         [DataMember] 6         public int UserID { get; set; } 7         [DataMember] 8         public string UserName { get; set; } 9         [DataMember]10         public string Password { get; set; }11         [DataMember]12         public string Discribe { get; set; }13         [DataMember]14         public DateTime SubmitTime { get; set; }15     }16     //数据操作，调用SqlHeler17     public class User18     {19         private static readonly string connectionString = "server=.;database=wcfDemo;uid=sa;pwd=123456;";20 21         //添加22         public static bool Add(Model.User user)23         {24             string sql = string.Format("INSERT INTO [dbo].[User]([UserName],[Password],[Discribe],[SubmitTime]) VALUES('{0}','{1}','{2}','{3}')", user.UserName, user.Password, user.Discribe, user.SubmitTime);25             int result = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.Text, sql);26             if (result %26gt; 0)27                 return true;28             else29                 return false;30         }31 32         //修改33         public static bool Save(Model.User user)34         {35             string sql = string.Format("UPDATE [dbo].[User] SET [UserName] = '{0}',[Discribe] = '{2}',[SubmitTime] = '{3}' WHERE UserID = {4}", user.UserName, user.Password, user.Discribe, user.SubmitTime, user.UserID);36             int result = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.Text, sql);37             if (result %26gt; 0)38                 return true;39             else40                 return false;41         }42 43         //删除44         public static bool Remove(int UserID)45         {46             string sql = string.Format("DELETE FROM [dbo].[User] WHERE UserID = {0}", UserID);47             int result = SqlHelper.ExecuteNonQuery(connectionString, CommandType.Text, sql);48             if (result %26gt; 0)49                 return true;50             else51                 return false;52         }53 54         //获取用户55         public static Model.User Get(int UserID)56         {57             Model.User user = new Model.User();58             string sql = string.Format("SELECT * FROM [dbo].[User] WHERE UserID = {0}", UserID);59             DataSet ds = SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.Text, sql);60             if (ds != null %26amp;%26amp; ds.Tables.Count %26gt; 0)61             {62                 foreach (DataRow dr in ds.Tables[0].Rows)63                 {64                     user.UserID = Convert.ToInt32(dr["UserID"]);65                     user.UserName = dr["UserName"].ToString();66                     user.Password = dr["Password"].ToString();67                     user.Discribe = dr["Discribe"].ToString();68                     user.SubmitTime = Convert.ToDateTime(dr["SubmitTime"]);69                 }70             }71             return user;72         }73 74         //获取用户列表75         public static List%26lt;Model.User%26gt; GetUsers()76         {77             List%26lt;Model.User%26gt; Users = new List%26lt;Model.User%26gt;();78             string sql = string.Format("SELECT * FROM [dbo].[User]");79             DataSet ds = SqlHelper.ExecuteDataset(connectionString, CommandType.Text, sql);80             if (ds != null %26amp;%26amp; ds.Tables.Count %26gt; 0)81             {82                 foreach (DataTable dt in ds.Tables)83                 {84                     foreach (DataRow dr in dt.Rows)85                     {86                         Model.User user = new Model.User();87                         user.UserID = Convert.ToInt32(dr["UserID"]);88                         user.UserName = dr["UserName"].ToString();89                         user.Password = dr["Password"].ToString();90                         user.Discribe = dr["Discribe"].ToString();91                         user.SubmitTime = Convert.ToDateTime(dr["SubmitTime"]);92                         Users.Add(user);93                     }94                 }95             }96             return Users;97         }98     }

4）修改Add接口的代码和实现，如下所示：

 1     [ServiceContract] 2     public interface IAdd 3     { 4         [OperationContract] 5         bool DoWork(Model.User user); 6     } 7  8     public class Add : IAdd 9     {10         public bool DoWork(Model.User user)11         {12             return DAL.User.Add(user);13         }14     }

%26nbsp;5）修改Save接口的代码和实现，如下所示：

 1     [ServiceContract] 2     public interface ISave 3     { 4         [OperationContract] 5         bool DoWork(Model.User user); 6     } 7  8     public class Save : ISave 9     {10         public bool DoWork(Model.User user)11         {12             return DAL.User.Save(user);13         }14     }

6）修改Remove接口的代码和实现，如下所示：

 1     [ServiceContract] 2     public interface IRemove 3     { 4         [OperationContract] 5         bool DoWork(int UserID); 6     } 7     public class Remove : IRemove 8     { 9         public bool DoWork(int UserID)10         {11             return DAL.User.Remove(UserID);12         }13     }

7）修改Search接口的代码和实现，如下所示：

 1     [ServiceContract] 2     public interface ISearch 3     { 4         [OperationContract] 5         List%26lt;Model.User%26gt; DoWork(); 6     } 7  8     public class Search : ISearch 9     {10         List%26lt;Model.User%26gt; ISearch.DoWork()11         {12             return DAL.User.GetUsers();13         }14     }

8）修改Get接口的代码和实现，如下所示：

 1     [ServiceContract] 2     public interface IGet 3     { 4         [OperationContract] 5         Model.User DoWork(int UserID); 6     } 7  8     public class Get : IGet 9     {10         public Model.User DoWork(int UserID)11         {12             return DAL.User.Get(UserID);13         }14     }

四、部署服务端程序

1）将程序发布，并部署到IIS上，设置端口：8080，如下图所示：

2）以Add.svc服务应用程序为目标，测试部署是否成功，成功后如下图所示：

五、创建Client端Web应用程序

新建WebForm项目WCF.Demo.Client，并创建增删改查文件，Add.aspx，Save.aspx，SearchAndRemove.aspx。如下图所示：

六、使用SvcUtil.exe生成客户端代码和配置

SvcUtil.exe是一个VS命令行工具，该工具位于：C:\Program Files\Microsoft%26nbsp; SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\bin 或 C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.0A\bin\一般情况下我们将SvcUtil.exe添加到VS开发工具中方便以后的运用（也可直接使用该命令行工具）。

1）在VS中的 Tools菜单---选择External Tools，打开管理窗口如下图所示：

在Title中输入SvcUtil，Command中选择SvcUtil.exe全路径，Initial%26nbsp; directory栏选择生成的客户端代码和配置文件所放的目录（此处为解决方案所在目录），选上Prompt for arguments，不选上Close on%26nbsp; exit。点击OK.

2）添加完成后，在VS的工具下会出现这个菜单。如下图所示：

3）在Client端添加对服务的引用。打开SvUtil工具，在Arguments里填写服务的地址，如下图：

点击OK后出现下图，说明代码类和配置文件生成成功（在解决方案目标下），如下图所示：

此时代理类和配置文件被下载到解决方案的物理目录中，如下图所示：

七、在Client端使用代理类与配置

将代理类从服务端的物理目录拷贝出来，放到Client端，并适当的修改代码，加入自己需要的名称空间，如下图所示：

使用代码如下所示：

 1     //增加 2     public partial class Add : System.Web.UI.Page 3     { 4         Service.AddClient addClient = new Service.AddClient(); 5         protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) 6         { 7  8         } 9 10         //提交11         protected void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)12         {13             Model.User user = new Model.User();14             user.UserName = this.txtUserName.Text;15             user.Password = this.txtPassword.Text;16             user.Discribe = this.txtDiscribe.Text;17             user.SubmitTime = System.DateTime.Now;18             addClient.DoWork(user);19             Response.Write("添加成功！");20         }21     }22     //修改23     public partial class Save : System.Web.UI.Page24     {25         Service.SaveClient saveClient = new Service.SaveClient();26         Service.GetClient getClient = new Service.GetClient();27         protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)28         {29             if (!Page.IsPostBack %26amp;%26amp; !string.IsNullOrEmpty(Request.QueryString["UserID"]))30             {31                 GetUser();32             }33         }34 35         protected void GetUser()36         {37             int UserID = Convert.ToInt32(Request.QueryString["UserID"]);38             Model.User user = getClient.DoWork(UserID);39             this.txtUserName.Text = user.UserName;40             this.txtDiscribe.Text = user.Discribe;41         }42 43         //提交44         protected void btnSubmit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)45         {46             int UserID = Convert.ToInt32(Request.QueryString["UserID"]);47             Model.User user = getClient.DoWork(UserID);48             user.UserName = this.txtUserName.Text;49             user.Discribe = this.txtDiscribe.Text;50             saveClient.DoWork(user);51             Response.Write("修改成功！");52         }53     }54     //列表及删除55     public partial class SearchAndRemove : System.Web.UI.Page56     {57         Service.SearchClient searchClient = new Service.SearchClient();58         Service.RemoveClient removeClient = new Service.RemoveClient();59         protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)60         {61             if (!Page.IsPostBack)62             {63                 GetUsers();64             }65         }66 67         protected void GetUsers()68         {69             this.repUsers.DataSource = searchClient.DoWork();70             this.repUsers.DataBind();71         }72 73         protected void lbtnRemoveCommand(object sender, CommandEventArgs e)74         {75             int UserID = Convert.ToInt32(e.CommandName);76             removeClient.DoWork(UserID);77             Response.Write("删除成功~");78             GetUsers();79         }80     }

将生成的配置文件中的%26nbsp;%26lt;system.serviceModel%26gt;复制到Client的Web.config中，代码如下：

 1   %26lt;system.serviceModel%26gt; 2     %26lt;bindings%26gt; 3       %26lt;basicHttpBinding%26gt; 4         %26lt;binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IAdd" closeTimeout="00:01:00" 5             openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00" 6             allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard" 7             maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536" 8             messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered" 9             useDefaultWebProxy="true"%26gt;10           %26lt;readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"11               maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" /%26gt;12           %26lt;security mode="None"%26gt;13             %26lt;transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"14                 realm="" /%26gt;15             %26lt;message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" /%26gt;16           %26lt;/security%26gt;17         %26lt;/binding%26gt;18         %26lt;binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IRemove" closeTimeout="00:01:00"19                    openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"20                    allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"21                    maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"22                    messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"23                    useDefaultWebProxy="true"%26gt;24           %26lt;readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"25               maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" /%26gt;26           %26lt;security mode="None"%26gt;27             %26lt;transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"28                 realm="" /%26gt;29             %26lt;message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" /%26gt;30           %26lt;/security%26gt;31         %26lt;/binding%26gt;32         %26lt;binding name="BasicHttpBinding_ISearch" closeTimeout="00:01:00"33            openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"34            allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"35            maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"36            messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"37            useDefaultWebProxy="true"%26gt;38           %26lt;readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"39               maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" /%26gt;40           %26lt;security mode="None"%26gt;41             %26lt;transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"42                 realm="" /%26gt;43             %26lt;message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" /%26gt;44           %26lt;/security%26gt;45         %26lt;/binding%26gt;46         %26lt;binding name="BasicHttpBinding_ISave" closeTimeout="00:01:00"47                    openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"48                    allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"49                    maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"50                    messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"51                    useDefaultWebProxy="true"%26gt;52           %26lt;readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"53               maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" /%26gt;54           %26lt;security mode="None"%26gt;55             %26lt;transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"56                 realm="" /%26gt;57             %26lt;message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" /%26gt;58           %26lt;/security%26gt;59         %26lt;/binding%26gt;60         %26lt;binding name="BasicHttpBinding_IGet" closeTimeout="00:01:00"61                    openTimeout="00:01:00" receiveTimeout="00:10:00" sendTimeout="00:01:00"62                    allowCookies="false" bypassProxyOnLocal="false" hostNameComparisonMode="StrongWildcard"63                    maxBufferSize="65536" maxBufferPoolSize="524288" maxReceivedMessageSize="65536"64                    messageEncoding="Text" textEncoding="utf-8" transferMode="Buffered"65                    useDefaultWebProxy="true"%26gt;66           %26lt;readerQuotas maxDepth="32" maxStringContentLength="8192" maxArrayLength="16384"67               maxBytesPerRead="4096" maxNameTableCharCount="16384" /%26gt;68           %26lt;security mode="None"%26gt;69             %26lt;transport clientCredentialType="None" proxyCredentialType="None"70                 realm="" /%26gt;71             %26lt;message clientCredentialType="UserName" algorithmSuite="Default" /%26gt;72           %26lt;/security%26gt;73         %26lt;/binding%26gt;74       %26lt;/basicHttpBinding%26gt;75     %26lt;/bindings%26gt;76     %26lt;client%26gt;77       %26lt;endpoint address="http://localhost:8080/Add.svc" binding="basicHttpBinding"78           bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IAdd" contract="IAdd"79           name="BasicHttpBinding_IAdd" /%26gt;80       %26lt;endpoint address="http://localhost:8080/Remove.svc" binding="basicHttpBinding"81               bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IRemove" contract="IRemove"82               name="BasicHttpBinding_IRemove" /%26gt;83       %26lt;endpoint address="http://localhost:8080/Search.svc" binding="basicHttpBinding"84              bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_ISearch" contract="ISearch"85              name="BasicHttpBinding_ISearch" /%26gt;86       %26lt;endpoint address="http://localhost:8080/Save.svc" binding="basicHttpBinding"87                bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_ISave" contract="ISave"88                name="BasicHttpBinding_ISave" /%26gt;89       %26lt;endpoint address="http://localhost:8080/Get.svc" binding="basicHttpBinding"90                bindingConfiguration="BasicHttpBinding_IGet" contract="IGet"91                name="BasicHttpBinding_IGet" /%26gt;92     %26lt;/client%26gt;93   %26lt;/system.serviceModel%26gt;