Android开发获取GPS位置，包含apn\wifi\gps 几种方法

来源：互联网发布：软考数据库系统工程师编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/22 04:56

一部分：几种定位简述

1.gps定位：

优点：最简单的手机定位方式当然是通过GPS模块（现在大部分的智能机应该都有了）。GPS方式准确度是最高的

缺点1.比较耗电；

2.绝大部分用户默认不开启GPS模块；

3.从GPS模块启动到获取第一次定位数据，可能需要比较长的时间；

4.室内几乎无法使用。

这其中，缺点2,3都是比较致命的。需要指出的是，GPS走的是卫星通信的通道，在没有网络连接的情况下也能用。

有网络、室内不可用、定位时间长、位置精确

2.基站定位

大致思路就是采集到手机上的基站ID号（cellid）和其它的一些信息（MNC，MCC，LAC等等），然后通过网络访问一些定位服务，获取并返回对应的经纬度坐标。基站定位的精确度不如GPS，好处是能够在室内用，只要网络通畅就行。

有网络室内可用定位方式不精确

3.WIFI定位

和基站定位类似，这种方式是通过获取当前所用的wifi的一些信息，然后访问网络上的定位服务以获得经纬度坐标。因为它和基站定位其实都需要使用网络，所以在Android也统称为Network方式。

与基站定位类似

4.AGPS定位
最后需要解释一点的是AGPS方式。很多人将它和基站定位混为一谈，但其实AGPS的本质仍然是GPS，只是它会使用基站信息对获取GPS进行辅助，然后还能对获取到的GPS结果进行修正，所以AGPS要比传统的GPS更快，准确度略高。

有网络、类似gps定位、但比传统Gps定位更快，准确度略高

第二部分：

locationManager.getLastKnownLocation()总是会出现取不到数据的情况，所以这里没有使用这个方法，避免了取不到数据的问题

第三部分：使用异步加载，提高性能

================================代码===========================

1.Activity

package com.example.gpsdemo;   import com.example.gpsdemo.util.GetLocation;  import com.example.gpsdemo.util.LMLocation;   import android.app.Activity;  import android.app.AlertDialog;  import android.app.ProgressDialog;  import android.os.Bundle;  import android.view.View;  import android.view.View.OnClickListener;  import android.widget.Button;  import android.widget.TextView;   public class MainActivity extends Activity {      LMLocation lmLocation;      TextView textView;      public MainActivity instance;      private AlertDialog dialog;      @Override    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {          super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);          setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);          textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView2);          instance = this;          dialog = new ProgressDialog(MainActivity.this);          dialog.setTitle("请稍等...");          dialog.setMessage("正在定位...");          Button button = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button1);          button.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {               @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                  // TODO Auto-generated method stub                new GetLocation(dialog, textView, instance).DisplayLocation();              }          });       }   }

2.与MainActivity对应的布局

<xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent" >             <android:id="@+id/textView2"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"        android:layout_centerVertical="true"        android:padding="@dimen/padding_medium"        android:text="@string/hello_world"        tools:context=".MainActivity" />              <android:id="@+id/button1"        android:layout_width="wrap_content"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"        android:layout_alignRight="@+id/textView2"        android:layout_marginRight="52dp"        android:text="定位" />

3.AndroidManifest.xml

package="com.example.gpsdemo"
android:versionCode="1"
android:versionName="1.0" >
<uses-sdk< li="">
android:minSdkVersion="8"
android:targetSdkVersion="15" />
<application< li="">
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
android:label="@string/app_name"
android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
<activity< li="">
android:name=".MainActivity"
android:label="@string/title_activity_main" >

4.工具类两个：（1）

package com.example.gpsdemo.util;   import android.app.AlertDialog;  import android.content.Context;  import android.os.AsyncTask;  import android.util.Log;  import android.widget.TextView;   public class GetLocation {      AlertDialog dialog;      TextView textView;      Context context;       public GetLocation(AlertDialog dialog, TextView textView, Context context) {          this.dialog = dialog;          this.textView = textView;          this.context = context;       }       public void DisplayLocation() {          new AsyncTask() {               @Override            protected String doInBackground=\'#\'"                  LMLocation location = null;                  try {                      location = new GPSLocation().getGPSInfo(context);                  } catch (Exception e) {                      // TODO Auto-generated catch block                    e.printStackTrace();                  }                  if (location == null)                      return null;                  Log.d("debug", location.toString());                  return location.toString();               }               @Override            protected void onPreExecute() {                  dialog.show();                  super.onPreExecute();              }               @Override            protected void onPostExecute(String result) {                  if (result == null) {                      textView.setText("定位失败了...");                  } else {                      textView.setText(result);                  }                  dialog.dismiss();                  super.onPostExecute(result);              }           }.execute();      }   }

package com.example.gpsdemo.util;   import java.io.BufferedReader;  import java.io.InputStreamReader;   import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;  import org.apache.http.HttpHost;  import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;  import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;  import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;  import org.apache.http.conn.params.ConnRouteParams;  import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;  import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient;  import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams;  import org.json.JSONArray;  import org.json.JSONObject;   import android.content.Context;  import android.database.Cursor;  import android.net.ConnectivityManager;  import android.net.NetworkInfo.State;  import android.net.Uri;  import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;  import android.telephony.TelephonyManager;  import android.telephony.gsm.GsmCellLocation;  import android.util.Log;   /** * ****************************************** * 描述::GPS信息获取 * @version 2.0 ********************************************  */public class GPSLocation {      private static int postType = -1;      public static final int DO_3G = 0;      public static final int DO_WIFI = 1;      public static final int NO_CONNECTION = 2;       /**     * 网络方式检查     */    private static int netCheck(Context context) {          ConnectivityManager conMan = (ConnectivityManager) context                  .getSystemService(Context.CONNECTIVITY_SERVICE);          State mobile = conMan.getNetworkInfo(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_MOBILE)                  .getState();          State wifi = conMan.getNetworkInfo(ConnectivityManager.TYPE_WIFI)                  .getState();          if (wifi.equals(State.CONNECTED)) {              return DO_WIFI;          } else if (mobile.equals(State.CONNECTED)) {              return DO_3G;          } else {              return NO_CONNECTION;          }      }       /**     * 获取WifiManager获取信息     */    private static JSONObject getInfoByWifiManager(Context context)              throws Exception {          JSONObject holder = new JSONObject();          holder.put("version", "1.1.0");          holder.put("host", "maps.google.com");          holder.put("address_language", "zh_CN");          holder.put("request_address", true);           WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) context                  .getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);           if (wifiManager.getConnectionInfo().getBSSID() == null) {              throw new RuntimeException("bssid is null");          }           JSONArray array = new JSONArray();          JSONObject data = new JSONObject();          data.put("mac_address", wifiManager.getConnectionInfo().getBSSID());          data.put("signal_strength", 8);          data.put("age", 0);          array.put(data);          holder.put("wifi_towers", array);          return holder;      }       /**     * 获取TelephoneManager获取信息     */    private static JSONObject getInfoByTelephoneManager(Context context)              throws Exception {          JSONObject holder = new JSONObject();          holder.put("version", "1.1.0");          holder.put("host", "maps.google.com");          holder.put("address_language", "zh_CN");          holder.put("request_address", true);          TelephonyManager tm = (TelephonyManager) context                  .getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE);          GsmCellLocation gcl = (GsmCellLocation) tm.getCellLocation();          int cid = gcl.getCid();          int lac = gcl.getLac();          int mcc = Integer.valueOf(tm.getNetworkOperator().substring(0, 3));          int mnc = Integer.valueOf(tm.getNetworkOperator().substring(3, 5));          JSONArray array = new JSONArray();          JSONObject data = new JSONObject();          data.put("cell_id", cid);          data.put("location_area_code", lac);          data.put("mobile_country_code", mcc);          data.put("mobile_network_code", mnc);          array.put(data);          holder.put("cell_towers", array);          return holder;      }       /**     * 通过wifi获取GPS信息     */    private static HttpResponse connectionForGPS(Context context)              throws Exception {          HttpResponse httpResponse = null;          postType = netCheck(context);          if (postType == NO_CONNECTION) {              return null;          } else {              if (postType == DO_WIFI) {                  if ((httpResponse = doOrdinary(context,                          getInfoByWifiManager(context))) != null) {                      return httpResponse;                  } else if ((httpResponse = doAPN(context,                          getInfoByWifiManager(context))) != null) {                      return httpResponse;                  } else if ((httpResponse = doOrdinary(context,                          getInfoByTelephoneManager(context))) != null) {                      return httpResponse;                  } else if ((httpResponse = doAPN(context,                          getInfoByTelephoneManager(context))) != null) {                      return httpResponse;                  }              }              if (postType == DO_3G) {                  if ((httpResponse = doOrdinary(context,                          getInfoByTelephoneManager(context))) != null) {                      return httpResponse;                  } else if ((httpResponse = doAPN(context,                          getInfoByTelephoneManager(context))) != null) {                      return httpResponse;                  }              }              return null;          }      }       /**     * 通过普通方式定位     */    private static HttpResponse doOrdinary(Context context, JSONObject holder) {          HttpResponse response = null;          try {              HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();              HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpClient.getParams(),                      20 * 1000);              HttpConnectionParams                      .setSoTimeout(httpClient.getParams(), 20 * 1000);              HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://74.125.71.147/loc/json");              StringEntity se = new StringEntity(holder.toString());              post.setEntity(se);              response = httpClient.execute(post);          } catch (Exception e) {              e.printStackTrace();              return null;          }          return response;      }       /**     * 通过基站定位     */    private static HttpResponse doAPN(Context context, JSONObject holder) {          HttpResponse response = null;          try {              HttpClient httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient();              HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(httpClient.getParams(),                      20 * 1000);              HttpConnectionParams                      .setSoTimeout(httpClient.getParams(), 20 * 1000);              HttpPost post = new HttpPost("http://74.125.71.147/loc/json");              // 设置代理            Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://telephony/carriers/preferapn"); // 获取当前正在使用的APN接入点              Cursor mCursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, null,                      null, null, null);              if (mCursor != null) {                  if (mCursor.moveToFirst()) {                      String proxyStr = mCursor.getString(mCursor                              .getColumnIndex("proxy"));                      if (proxyStr != null && proxyStr.trim().length() > 0) {                          HttpHost proxy = new HttpHost(proxyStr, 80);                          httpClient.getParams().setParameter(                                  ConnRouteParams.DEFAULT_PROXY, proxy);                      }                  }              }              StringEntity se = new StringEntity(holder.toString());              post.setEntity(se);              response = httpClient.execute(post);          } catch (Exception e) {              e.printStackTrace();              return null;          }          return response;      }       /**     * GPS信息解析     */    public static LMLocation getGPSInfo(Context context) throws Exception {          HttpResponse response = connectionForGPS(context);          if (response == null) {              Log.d("GPSLocation", "response == null");              return null;          }          LMLocation location = null;          if (response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() == 200) {              location = new LMLocation();              HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();              BufferedReader br;              try {                  br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(                          entity.getContent()));                  StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();                  String result = br.readLine();                  while (result != null) {                      sb.append(result);                      result = br.readLine();                  }                  JSONObject json = new JSONObject(sb.toString());                  JSONObject lca = json.getJSONObject("location");                   location.setAccess_token(json.getString("access_token"));                  if (lca != null) {                      if (lca.has("accuracy"))                          location.setAccuracy(lca.getString("accuracy"));                      if (lca.has("longitude"))                          location.setLatitude(lca.getDouble("longitude"));                      if (lca.has("latitude"))                          location.setLongitude(lca.getDouble("latitude"));                      if (lca.has("address")) {                          JSONObject address = lca.getJSONObject("address");                          if (address != null) {                              if (address.has("region"))                                  location.setRegion(address.getString("region"));                              if (address.has("street_number"))                                  location.setStreet_number(address                                          .getString("street_number"));                              if (address.has("country_code"))                                  location.setCountry_code(address                                          .getString("country_code"));                              if (address.has("street"))                                  location.setStreet(address.getString("street"));                              if (address.has("city"))                                  location.setCity(address.getString("city"));                              if (address.has("country"))                                  location.setCountry(address                                          .getString("country"));                          }                      }                  }              } catch (Exception e) {                  e.printStackTrace();                  location = null;              }          }          return location;      }   }  ）

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