第六周项目六 复数模板类（类外定义&加减乘除）

项目要求

 阅读教材例10.1。该例实现了一个复数类，但是美中不足的是，复数类的实部和虚部都固定只能是double型的。可以通过模板类的技术手段，设计Complex，使实部和虚部的类型为定义对象时指定的实际类型。
    （1）要求类成员函数在类外定义。
    （2）在此基础上，再实现减法、乘法和除法
    你可以使用的main()函数如下。

int main( ){    Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;   //实部和虚部是int型    c3=c1.complex_add(c2);    cout<<"c1+c2=";    c3.display( );    Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; //实部和虚部是double型    c6=c4.complex_add(c5);    cout<<"c4+c5=";    c6.display( );    //下面测试减法、乘法和除法    ……    return 0;}

代码如下

#include <iostream>using namespace std;template <class numtype>class Complex{public:    Complex(numtype r=0,numtype i=0):real(r),imag(i) {};    Complex operator + (Complex &c2);    Complex operator - (Complex &c2);    Complex operator * (Complex &c2);    Complex operator / (Complex &c2);    void display();private:    numtype real;    numtype imag;};template <class numtype>void Complex<numtype>::display(){    cout<<"("<<real<<","<<imag<<"i"<<")"<<endl;}template <class numtype>Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator + (Complex<numtype> &c2){    Complex c;    c.real=real+c2.real;    c.imag=imag+c2.imag;    return c;}template <class numtype>Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator - (Complex<numtype> &c2){    Complex c;    c.real=real-c2.real;    c.imag=imag-c2.imag;    return c;}template <class numtype>Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator * (Complex<numtype> &c2){    Complex c;    c.real=real*c2.real-imag*c2.imag;    c.imag=real*c2.imag+imag*c2.real;    return c;}template <class numtype>Complex<numtype> Complex<numtype>::operator / (Complex<numtype> &c2){    Complex c;    c.real=(real*c2.real+imag*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);    c.imag=(imag*c2.real-real*c2.imag)/(c2.real*c2.real+c2.imag*c2.imag);    return c;}int main( ){    Complex<int> c1(3,4),c2(5,-10),c3;   //实部和虚部是int型    //c3=c1.complex_add(c2);    c3=c1+c2;    cout<<"c1+c2=";    c3.display( );    Complex<double> c4(3.1,4.4),c5(5.34,-10.21),c6; //实部和虚部是double型    //c6=c4.complex_add(c5);    c6=c4+c5;    cout<<"c4+c5=";    c6.display( );    //下面测试减法、乘法和除法        c3=c1-c2;    cout<<"c1-c2=";    c3.display( );    c6=c4-c5;    cout<<"c4-c5=";    c3.display( );        c3=c1*c2;    cout<<"c1*c2=";    c3.display( );    c6=c4*c5;    cout<<"c4*c5=";    c3.display( );        c3=c1/c2;    cout<<"c1/c2=";    c3.display( );    c6=c4/c5;    cout<<"c4/c5=";    c3.display( );        return 0;}

运行结果