java Unsafe.java(二)

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    上篇取得了Unsafe 实例, 下面分析Unsafe 的方法

1. 阻塞,释放操作

 public native void park(boolean isAbsolute, long time);

调用这个方法的线程阻塞直到下列情况的发生

(1).其他线程调用了unpark(this thread)

(2).被中断

(3).超时

(4). spuriously  (虚假唤醒)

释放线程操作: public native void unpark(Object thread);

2. 操作内存的方法

<span style="white-space:pre"></span>@Testpublic void testAllocateMemory3() {long allocateMemory = unsafe.allocateMemory(4);unsafe.putInt(allocateMemory, 0x12345678);for (int i = 0; i < 4; i++) {byte byte1 = unsafe.getByte(allocateMemory + i);String hexString = Integer.toHexString(byte1);System.out.println(hexString);}}
  程序输出如下: 78,  56, 34, 12(具体输出与处理器的大端小端有关), 程序先分配4个字节的内存空间, 然后在内存上写值, 最后按照字节取值。 即使是allocateMemory(1), 也是可以的

 

@Testpublic void testArray() {String[] strArray = new String[10];int offset = unsafe.arrayBaseOffset(strArray.getClass());int scale = unsafe.arrayIndexScale(strArray.getClass());System.out.println(offset);System.out.println(scale);byte[] bArray = new byte[10];bArray[0] = 48;int offset2 = unsafe.arrayBaseOffset(bArray.getClass());int scale2 = unsafe.arrayIndexScale(bArray.getClass());System.out.println(offset2);System.out.println(scale2);byte b = unsafe.getByte(bArray, 12);System.out.println(b);}

程序输出如下: 12, 4, 12, 1, 48. arrayBaseOffset 返回在数组对象中,数组元素的起始位置, 在jvm(32位机器) 中每个对象都有一个 “对象头”, 普通对象是8个字节(用来记录对应类在方法区的地址,和加锁情况等), 数组对象是12个字节,其中多出来的4个字节用来记录数组的长度。 而arrayIndexScale() 返回的简单说就是数组元素的字节长度。两个方法中的  getByte (long)  和getByte(Object o, long)  体现了两种寻址方式, 一个是绝对地址, 一个是相对地址寻址,相对object 的地址。 

 public native long staticFieldOffset(Field f); public native long objectFieldOffset(Field f);
这两个方法可以得到字段相对地址

3. 类加载相关

<span style="white-space:pre"></span>public static class ForTest{private void f() {System.out.println("just for test!!");}}@Testpublic void testDefineClass() throws Exception {URL resource = this.getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("com/jdkstudy/juc/MyUnsafe$ForTest.class");File classFile = new File(resource.toURI());InputStream in = new FileInputStream(classFile);byte[] b = new byte[10000];int length = in.read(b);byte[] right = new byte[length];System.arraycopy(b, 0, right, 0, length);@SuppressWarnings("deprecation")Class<?> defineClass = unsafe.defineClass("com.jdkstudy.juc.MyUnsafe$ForTest", b, 0, length);ForTest ins = (ForTest) defineClass.newInstance();ins.f();in.close();}

4. CAS 的操作

以public final native boolean compareAndSwapInt(Object o, long offset,   int expected,   int x);为例:

public class TestUnsafeCAS {private volatile int numCAS;public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {int threadNum = 10000;final CountDownLatch cdl1 = new CountDownLatch(threadNum);final CountDownLatch cdl2 = new CountDownLatch(1);final TestUnsafeCAS instance = new TestUnsafeCAS();for (int i = 0; i < threadNum; i++) {Thread t = new Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {try {cdl2.await();//something()//instance.numCAS++; // use ++ without CASfor(;;) {int expect = instance.numCAS;// use CAS to updateif(unsafe.compareAndSwapInt(instance, numCASOffset, expect, expect + 1)) break;}cdl1.countDown();} catch (Exception e) {}}});t.start();}cdl2.countDown();cdl1.await();System.out.println(instance.numCAS);}private static final Unsafe unsafe = MyUnsafe.getUnsafe();private final static long numCASOffset;static {try {numCASOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset(TestUnsafeCAS.class.getDeclaredField("numCAS"));} catch (Exception ex) {throw new Error(ex);}}}
如果直接使用 ++ 肯定会有并发问题, 会出现numCAS <threadNum 。 但是使用CAS 操作numCAS就不会有这个问题(失败了会重试直到成功)。 AtomicInteger已经帮我们实现了这样的功能, 参看AtomicInteger 源码会发现, 其就是用volatile的int变量来保存一个值, 用cas来更新这个值。

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