分类组合计划 - Assortment Planning

    The assortment is a part of the company-wide product range  that is assigned to a target group for a particular period of validity.

    分类是由部分公司范围内的产品的集合组成，并且在某一个特定有效期分配给目标组。

    An assortment determines whether a store, distribution  center or customer is allowed to receive deliveries of certain articles at a certain point in time. Therefore, it serves as a method of checking purchase orders and sales orders.

    分类决定哪个存储点，分销中心，客户是否被允许在特定的时间点上接收特定商品的交付。因此，分类又是作为采购订单和销售订单的某种检查方式。

    In assortment planning, you determine for each site and article which site in which time period can procure an article. This planning is called listing.

    在分类组合计划中根据每一个工厂和商品来决定在某个时间段内，某个工厂可以采购某种商品。这种计划叫做列表清单。

    

     

    An assortment is an SAP Retail object that is assigned to the article or listed for a particular period of  time. By assigning articles to assortments, you determine which assortments and, therefore, which articles a store can buy and sell. A site cannot buy or sell articles that are not included in one of its 

assortments.

    分类组合被分配至商品中，或者在某一个特定区间内被列出。通过分配商品至分类组合中可以决定某个储存点时候可以采购或者销售某些商品。一个工厂是不允许采购或者销售没有包含在它的分类组合中的物料

    Articles can be assigned to assortments automatically when you are maintaining articles or assortments  as the result of check rules. Alternatively, you can assign articles to assortment modules manually and then assign the modules to the assortments. In both cases, the system automatically creates listing 

conditions for each valid combination of articles and assortments. These conditions serve as a basis for  business processes at a later stage.

    当我们根据检查规则维护商品或者分类组合时，商品会自动分配至分类组合中。或者，可以手动将商品分配至分类组合模块，然后再将分类组合模块分配至分类组合。在这两种情况中，系统都会自动为每一个有效的商品和分类组合的联合结构创建清单条件（listing conditions）。该清单条件作为下一步的业务的基础。

     

      

    When an assortment user is assigned to an assortment, that user can access articles in various business  functions. The most important assortment user in retail is the retail site. The assortments in a site include all the articles that play a role in the site's business activities. In addition to the individual assignment of a general assortment to an assortment user, you can also define reference sites and assign these to sites in a 1:m assignment. You can only assign sites that are not assigned to a reference site to an assortment. You assign these sites using a reference site.

    当分类组合用户分配至分类组合时，该用户可以在不同的业务功能中使用分类组合中的商品。最重要的分类组合用户为零售site用户。Site中的分类包含所有涉及该site业务的物料。除了将一般分类组合分配（ general assortment）至一个分类组合用户（assortment user），还可以定义一个参考site并分配给多个sites，构成1：M的分配关系。只能将没有分配了参考site的site分配给一个分类组合。但是可以根据reference site将一些site分配给分类组合（assortment）。

    All dependent  sites (sites that are assigned to the reference site) automatically adopt all the assortments from the reference site. Changes made to general assortments and changes relating to assignments of general assortments to the reference site are copied automatically with this arrow functionality. If a site already has assortments assigned to it, it can only be assigned to a reference site if the reference site contains these assignments.

    所有相关sites（被分配给参考site）会自动根据reference site 继承所有相关的分类组合。对一般分类的修改以及分配了参考site的一般分类的修改都会自动复制。如果一个site分配了分类组合（assortment），则该site只能分配给包含了前者分配关系的参考site。

    If you delete a site that has been assigned to a reference site, all the reference site assortments assigned  to the site are also deleted.

    如果删除一个分配了参考site的site，则该site的所有分配的分类组合都会被删除。

   

    

    In many retail companies, assortments for a distribution chain, for example, or for a particular region are  generally identical or have only small differences. For this reason, you should only define a few general assortments and then assign them to a group of assortment users.

    在很多零售公司中，很多区域或者部门基本一样，所以可以定义一些一般分类，然后将这些分类按照一定规则分配给一些分类组合用户。

    In Release 4.70, you can tell whether you should have a 1:1 assignment of assortments to sites or  whether you should create an n:m assignment. This new functionality is similar to the multiple assignment of customers to assortments in assortment category C, which was already available prior to Release 4.70.

    在4.70版本中，我们可以选择是采用1个分类组合对应1个site的关系，还是采用N：M的关系。

    

    This new assignment functionality makes assortment planning much simpler. You can also reduce the  number of listing condition records on the database by using multiple assignments, as a general assortment can sometimes be assigned to a large number of sites. This is due to the fact that articles are listed for assortments and not for sites, and therefore, the listing conditions created are valid for all the sites assigned to the assortment. In contrast to local assortments, which you cannot maintain using the assortment maintenance and, which you therefore cannot assign to customers or sites, you can assign as many customers or sites as you wish to general assortments (assortment category C), as the n:m multiple assignment of sites to assortments is activated in Customizing.

    在新版的分配功能中，分配计划更加简单。采用多重分配，大量减少了清单条件记录。由于一个一般分配可以分配给多个site，这样导致的结果是商品根据分类产生清单，而不是根据site。因此，该清单条件记录对分类下的所有site有效。与不能维护并且不能分配客户与site的本地分类相比。一般分类（assortment category 为 C）可以根据需要分配多个客户以及Site。Site和分类组合的分配关系可以为N：M。

    You can continue to use exclusion modules for local assortments. This allows you to generate exceptions  for particular articles and subsequent listings. You can also define exclusion modules for general assortments.

    本地分类的排除模块依然可以使用。可以针对特定物料及后续的清单生成免责条款。也可以为一般分类定义排除模块。

     

      

    The n:m assignment allows you to assign sites to reference sites for assortment planning (category A).  This means a site has the same assignments to assortments as a reference site. If a reference site assignment to an assortment is changed, this affects all the other sites that are linked with that reference 

site.

    Every store can be assigned to only one reference site for assortment planning.    

    参考Site和一般分类的分配关系位N：M。参考Site和store的分配关系位1：M。

     

      

    In assortment planning, you can map areas for a general assortment (for example, drinks, confectionery)  that reflect the various departments in the stores. You create one or more general assortments for each of these areas with different article assignments. Then you assign the general assortments to the stores.

     在分类计划中，根据存储点中不同的部门和区域来映射定义对应的一般分类（例如：饮料，糕点）。然后将一般分类分配给存储点。

     

      

    1. Assortment modules can be created either manually or automatically using the article maintenance or promotion application. To keep maintenance efforts to a minimum, modules should be created automatically rather than manually.

     分类模块可以手工创建 或者在维护商品主数据或者促销业务中自动生成。

    2. A profile module is created automatically in the article maintenance for each assortment and  merchandise category.

        每个分类组合或者商品分类的属性模块在维护商品时自动创建。

    3. Shelf modules are generated in the maintenance for layout modules that are assigned to the assortments.  They map the layout or rather the arrangement of the merchandise in a shelf for space management purposes.

        货架模块在维护布局模块时生成，并分配至分类组合中（assortment）。

    4. A promotion module contains the articles that need to be dealt with together in a promotion or a  promotion theme respectively.

        促销模块包含所有需要一起处理的商品，并分别对应各自的促销主题。

    5. A standard module contains any articles from any merchandise categories. It contains the long-term  standard assortment and is created manually.

        标准的模块包含任何商品分类中的任何商品，并包含长期的标准分类。该标准模块是手动创建的。

    6. The local module is only valid for one site and therefore forms the "local assortment".

        本地模块只能在一个site中有效，因此形成本地分类组合。

    7. Articles can be excluded from the existing assortment for a specifies period of time using an exclusion  module.

        排除模块用于一些物料需要在一个特殊时期从现有的分类组合中排除。

    8. Rack jobber modules are modules for those vendors who deliver and present articles in stores  themselves. A rack jobber module can only be assigned to one vendor. An article that is listed in a rack jobber module cannot be listed in any other module.

        批发代销模块适用于供应商自己在门店中交付并展现商品。一个批发代销模块只能分配给一个供应商。单一个物料在批发代销模块清单中时，该物料不能在别的模块清单中。

    9. You maintain article lists for value contracts in SD using assortment modules. Additionally you can use  these modules like standard modules for assortment functions. There is an own transaction for creating them in SD (WSV2).

        在SD模块的价值合同中，可以根据分类模块来维护价值合同中的商品清单。