springMVC，spring和Hibernate整合

这篇是springMVC和spring以及Hibernate的整合，虽然是别人写过的，但也是笔者每一行都亲手敲出来的，在此过程中，也遇到过很多问题，都一一解决了，在此罗列出来，给大家做个参考！

spring springmvc hibernate 注解

第一步：搭建一个springmvc工程，需要的jar有： 
 

第二步：配置工程的web.xml文件.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5"><display-name>springmvc</display-name><welcome-file-list>    <welcome-file>Login.jsp</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>    <welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list><!-- 加载所有的配置文件 --><context-param>    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    <param-value>classpath*:config/spring-*.xml</param-value></context-param><!-- 配置Spring监听 --><listener>    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><!-- 配置字符集 --><filter>    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>    <init-param>        <param-name>encoding</param-name>        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>    </init-param>    <init-param>        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>        <param-value>true</param-value>    </init-param></filter><filter-mapping>    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><!-- 配置Session --><filter>    <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>    <!-- 请注意，此处必须定义，否则后面会报错，具体是什么，笔者没截图，记不太清楚了 -->    <init-param>        <param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>        <param-value>sessionFactory</param-value>    </init-param></filter><filter-mapping>    <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><!-- 配置SpringMVC --><servlet>    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>    <init-param>        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>        <param-value>classpath*:config/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>    </init-param>    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><!-- 引用js,如果无此配置，则无法对js进行加载 --><servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>

tomcat对里面的加载顺序：Context-Param—->Listener—->filter—->servlet

第三步：配置hibernate,spring，springmvc等文件，将这些文件全部放到src/config目录下。 
Hibernate的配置文件，spring-common.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"><!-- 配置数据源 --><bean id="dataSource"    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">    <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>    <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/springmvc"></property>    <property name="username" value="root"></property>    <property name="password" value="root"></property></bean><!-- 配置SessionFactory --><bean id="sessionFactory"    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">    <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />    <property name="hibernateProperties">        <props>            <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>            <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>            <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>            <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>        </props>    </property>    <!-- 注解扫描的包 -->    <property name="annotatedClasses">        <list>            <value>ne.springmvc.entity.User</value>        </list>    </property></bean><!-- 配置一个事务管理器 --><bean id="transactionManager"    class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">    <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" /></bean><!-- 配置事务，使用代理的方式 --><bean id="transactionProxy"    class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"    abstract="true">    <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>    <property name="transactionAttributes">        <props>            <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>            <prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-myException</prop>            <prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>            <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>        </props>    </property></bean>

springmvc的配置文件spring-mvc.xml如下

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd                     http://www.springframework.org/schema/context                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd                     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc                    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"><!-- 注解扫描包 --><context:component-scan base-package="ne.springmvc.*" /><!-- 开启注解 --><mvc:annotation-driven /><!-- 静态资源(js/image)的访问 --><!-- <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/> --><!-- 定义视图解析器 --><bean id="viewResolver"    class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">    <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp"></property>    <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property></bean>

spring的配置文件spring-beans.xml如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans   http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">  <bean id="userDao" class="ne.springmvc.dao.UserDaoImpl">      <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>  </bean>  <bean id="userManagerBase" class="ne.springmvc.service.UserManagerImpl">      <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>  </bean>  <!-- 此处为代理 -->  <bean name="userManager" parent="transactionProxy">      <property name="target" ref="userManagerBase"></property>  </bean>     

工程的四个配置文件全部完成，接下来按照mvc的设计模式，从dao层代码开始，先编写实体entity。注：在此之前，需要在mysql数据库中新建好数据库和表。实体User.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.entity;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.Table;import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;/** * 此实体的定义应用了springmvc的注解，省去了传统的Hibernate跟数据库之间的映射配置文件 * @author will * */@Entity  @Table(name="T_USER")  public class User {  @Id  @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid")  @GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid",strategy="uuid")  @Column(length=32)  private String id;  @Column(length=32)  private String userName;  @Column(length=32)  private String age;  public String getId() {      return id;  }  public void setId(String id) {      this.id = id;  }  public String getUserName() {      return userName;  }  public void setUserName(String userName) {      this.userName = userName;  }  public String getAge() {      return age;  }  public void setAge(String age) {      this.age = age;  }  

}

dao层：接口userDao.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.dao;import java.util.List;import ne.springmvc.entity.User;public interface UserDao {public User getUser(String id);  public List<User> getAllUser();  public void addUser(User user);  public boolean delUser(String id);  public boolean updateUser(User user);  

}

接口userDao.java的实现类UserDaoImpl.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.dao;import java.util.List;import org.hibernate.Query;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import ne.springmvc.entity.User;public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {private SessionFactory sessionFactory;  public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {      this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;  }  /** * 根据用户id查询用户 */public User getUser(String id) {      String hql = "from User u where u.id=?";      Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);      query.setString(0, id);      return (User)query.uniqueResult();  }  /** * 查询所有用户 */public List<User> getAllUser() {      String hql = "from User";      Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);      return query.list();  }  /** * 添加用户 */public void addUser(User user) {      sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);  }  /** * 根据用户id删除用户 */public boolean delUser(String id) {      String hql = "delete User u where u.id = ?";      Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);      query.setString(0, id);      return (query.executeUpdate() > 0);  }  /** * 编辑用户 */public boolean updateUser(User user) {      String hql = "update User u set u.userName = ?,u.age=? where u.id = ?";      Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);      query.setString(0, user.getUserName());      query.setString(1, user.getAge());      query.setString(2, user.getId());      return (query.executeUpdate() > 0);  }  }

service层的接口UserManager.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.service;import java.util.List;import ne.springmvc.entity.User;public interface UserManager {  public User getUser(String id);  public List<User> getAllUser();  public void addUser(User user);  public boolean delUser(String id);  public boolean updateUser(User user);  }  

接口userManager的实现类UserManagerImpl.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.service;import java.util.List;import ne.springmvc.dao.UserDao;import ne.springmvc.entity.User;public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {private UserDao userDao;  public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {      this.userDao = userDao;  }  public User getUser(String id) {      return userDao.getUser(id);  }  public List<User> getAllUser() {      return userDao.getAllUser();  }  public void addUser(User user) {      userDao.addUser(user);  }  public boolean delUser(String id) {      return userDao.delUser(id);  }  public boolean updateUser(User user) {      return userDao.updateUser(user);  }  }

控制层UserController.java如下：

package ne.springmvc.controller;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.PrintWriter;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import ne.springmvc.entity.User;import ne.springmvc.service.UserManager;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;@Controller  @RequestMapping("/user")  public class UserController {  @Resource(name="userManager")  private UserManager userManager;  @RequestMapping("/getAllUser")  public String getAllUser(HttpServletRequest request){      request.setAttribute("userList", userManager.getAllUser());      return "/Index";  }  @RequestMapping("/getUser")  public String getUser(String id,HttpServletRequest request){      request.setAttribute("user", userManager.getUser(id));      return "/editUser";  }  @RequestMapping("/toAddUser")  public String toAddUser(){      return "/addUser";  }  @RequestMapping("/addUser")  public String addUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){      System.out.println("用户名：======"+user.getUserName());      userManager.addUser(user);      return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";  }  @RequestMapping("/delUser")  public void delUser(String id,HttpServletResponse response){      String result = "{\"result\":\"error\"}";      if(userManager.delUser(id)){          result = "{\"result\":\"success\"}";      }      response.setContentType("application/json");      try {          PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();          out.write(result);      } catch (IOException e) {          e.printStackTrace();      }  }  @RequestMapping("/updateUser")  public String updateUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){      if(userManager.updateUser(user)){          user = userManager.getUser(user.getId());          request.setAttribute("user", user);          return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";      }else{          return "/error";      }  }  }  

jsp页面：Login.jsp,Index.jsp,addUser.jsp,editUser.jsp总共四个页面，成功和错误页面就没写了。 
Login.jsp页面如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  <html>  <head>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  <title>首页</title>  </head>  <body>  <h5><a href="/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/getAllUser">进入用户管理页</a></h5></body>  </html> 

Index.jsp页面如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>  <%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  <html>  <head><%    String path = request.getContextPath();%><script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path%>/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  <title>Insert title here</title>  <script type="text/javascript">      function del(id){      $.get("/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/delUser?id=" + id,function(data){          if("success" == data.result){              alert("删除成功");              window.location.reload();          }else{              alert("删除失败");          }      });  }  </script>  </head>  <body>      <h6><a href="/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/toAddUser">添加用户</a></h6>      <table border="1">          <tbody>          <tr>              <th>姓名</th>              <th>年龄</th>              <th>操作</th>          </tr>          <c:if test="${!empty userList }">              <c:forEach items="${userList }" var="user">                  <tr>                      <td>${user.userName }</td>                      <td>${user.age }</td>                      <td>                          <a href="/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/getUser?id=${user.id }">编辑</a>                          <a href="javascript:del('${user.id }')">删除</a>                      </td>                  </tr>                           </c:forEach>          </c:if>      </tbody>  </table>  </body>  </html>  

addUser.jsp页面如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>  <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  <html>  <head>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  <title>Insert title here</title>  <script type="text/javascript">  function addUser(){      var form = document.forms[0];      form.action = "/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/addUser";      form.method="post";      form.submit();  }  </script>  </head>  <body>  <h1>添加用户</h1>  <form action="" name="userForm">      姓名：<input type="text" name="userName">      年龄：<input type="text" name="age">      <input type="button" value="添加" onclick="addUser()">  </form>  </body>  </html>  

editUser.jsp页面如下：

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"  pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>  <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">  <html>  <head><%String path = request.getContextPath();%>  <script type="text/javascript" src="<%=path %>/js/jquery-1.9.1.min.js"></script>  <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">  <title>Insert title here</title>  </head>  <body>  <h1>编辑用户</h1>  <form action="/springmvc-hibernate-test/user/updateUser" name="userForm" method="post">      <input type="hidden" name="id" value="${user.id }">      姓名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${user.userName }">      年龄：<input type="text" name="age" value="${user.age }">      <input type="submit" value="编辑" >  </form>  </body>  </html> 

以上便是所有的代码，下面是页面效果。 
首页： 

管理页面：

添加页面：

编辑页面：

遇到的问题：

1、jquery.1.9.1.min.js加载不进来，原因是springmvc将js统一认定为静态资源，所以需要额外配置去引用js，我是在web.xml里面配置的，配置如下:

<servlet-mapping>    <servlet-name>default</servlet-name>    <url-pattern>*.js</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>

2、添加用户时，mysql数据库出现中文乱码问题，在eclipse，tomcat，数据库和表都设置为utf-8之后，还需要将mysql安装目录下的my.ini文件中，将default-character-set=utf8和character-set-server=utf8，如下图：