Struts2使用注解，完成请求响应，实现零配置

Struts2使用注解，完成请求响应，实现零配置

利用myeclipse2013搭建struts2,spring集成环境

操作步骤：

1. 新建项目
   
2. 加入struts2的支持， 加入spring的支持
   
3. 整个程序的结构
   

1、导入相关jar包
使用myeclipse自带的jar包

2、web.xml的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">  <display-name>struts2</display-name>  <filter>    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>    <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>    <init-param>            <param-name>actionPackages</param-name>            <param-value>com.system</param-value>    </init-param>  </filter>  <filter-mapping>    <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>  </filter-mapping>  <listener>    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>  </listener>  <context-param>    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>    <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>  </context-param>  <welcome-file-list>  <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list></web-app>

actionPackages
com.system

这个参数指明struts2的action类所在的包。这是我的程序结构。

3、struts.xml的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.1//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.1.dtd"><struts>    <constant name="struts.devMode" value="true" />    <constant name="struts.i18n.encoding" value="UTF-8" />    <constant name="struts.enable.DynamicMethodInvocation" value="true" />    <constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />    <constant name="struts.action.extension" value="action,do,htm" />    <constant name="struts.configuration.xml.reload" value="true" />    <constant name="struts.serve.static.browserCache" value="false" /><!--    要求Action的命名必须以“Action”为后缀 --><!--    <constant name="struts.convention.action.suffix" value="Action"/> --><!--    要求Action必须放到action、actions、struts、struts2包中 --><!--     <constant name="struts.convention.package.locators" value="action,actions,struts,struts2"/> --><!--     Struts2约定限制结果页面必须放到/WEB-INF/content/目录中 --><!--     <constant name="struts.convention.result.path" value="/pages/"/> --></struts>    

4、ApplicationContext.xml的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans             http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop             http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx             http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context             http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">    <context:annotation-config/>    <context:component-scan base-package="com.system" /></beans>

5、UserAction.java

package com.system.action;import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.ServletContext;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action;import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace;import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.ParentPackage;import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Result;import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ApplicationAware;import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ParameterAware;import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.RequestAware;import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletRequestAware;import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.ServletResponseAware;import org.apache.struts2.interceptor.SessionAware;import org.apache.struts2.util.ServletContextAware;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Scope;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;import com.system.service.UserManager;@SuppressWarnings("serial")@Controller("userAction")@Scope("prototype")@ParentPackage("struts-default")@Namespace("/app")@Action(value = "userAction", results = {        @Result(name = "add", location = "/pages/user/add.jsp"),        @Result(name = "delete", location = "/pages/user/delete.jsp"),        @Result(name = "change", location = "/pages/user/change.jsp"),        @Result(name = "find", location = "/pages/user/find.jsp") })public class UserAction extends ActionSupport implements ParameterAware,        RequestAware, SessionAware, ApplicationAware, ServletContextAware,        ServletRequestAware, ServletResponseAware {    // -----------业务的操作方法-----------------------     @Action(value="add", results = {                @Result(name = "add", location = "/pages/user/add.jsp")})    public String addUser() {        System.out.println("***********add*****************");        return "add";    }    public String deleteUser() {        System.out.println("***********delete**************");        return "delete";    }    public String changeUser() {        System.out.println("***********change**************");        return "change";    }    public String findUser() {        System.out.println("***********find*****************");        return "find";    }    @Override    public String execute() {        System.out.println("***********execute*****************");        return NONE;    }    // ------------注入业务类--------------------------    // ---------------Getter,Setter------------------    protected Map<String, String[]> parameters;    protected Map<String, Object> request;    protected Map<String, Object> session;    protected Map<String, Object> application;    protected ServletContext servletContext;    protected HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest;    protected HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse;    public void setParameters(Map<String, String[]> parameters) {        this.parameters = parameters;    }    public void setRequest(Map<String, Object> request) {        this.request = request;    }    public void setSession(Map<String, Object> session) {        this.session = session;    }    public void setApplication(Map<String, Object> application) {        this.application = application;    }    public void setServletContext(ServletContext servletContext) {        this.servletContext = servletContext;    }    public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest) {        this.httpServletRequest = httpServletRequest;    }    public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) {        this.httpServletResponse = httpServletResponse;    }    public HttpServletRequest getHttpServletRequest() {        return this.httpServletRequest;    }    public void setHttpServletRequest(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest) {        this.httpServletRequest = httpServletRequest;    }    public HttpServletResponse getHttpServletResponse() {        return this.httpServletResponse;    }    public void setHttpServletResponse(HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse) {        this.httpServletResponse = httpServletResponse;    }    public Map<String, String[]> getParameters() {        return this.parameters;    }    public Map<String, Object> getRequest() {        return this.request;    }    public Map<String, Object> getSession() {        return this.session;    }    public Map<String, Object> getApplication() {        return this.application;    }    public ServletContext getServletContext() {        return this.servletContext;    }    //--------------test------------------------    public void setManager(UserManager manager) {        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根    }    public String list() {        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根        System.out.println("------list---------");        return SUCCESS;    }}

6 、UserManager.java

package com.system.service;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Service("userManager")public class UserManager {}

7、OrderAction.java

package com.system.action;import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Action;import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Namespace;import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.ParentPackage;import org.apache.struts2.convention.annotation.Result;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;@SuppressWarnings("serial")@Namespace("/order")@ParentPackage("struts-default")@Controller("orderAction")public class OrderAction extends ActionSupport{    @Action(value="add", results={           @Result(name="success", location="/index.jsp"),           @Result(name="input", location="/add.jsp")})    public String add() {       System.out.println("add()");       return SUCCESS;    }    @Action(value="mod", results={@Result(name="success", location="/index.jsp")})    public String mod() {       System.out.println("mod()");       return SUCCESS;    }    @Action(value="del", results={@Result(name="success", location="/index.jsp")})    public String del() {       System.out.println("del()");       return SUCCESS;    }}

8.struts2利用Junit测试action
TestStruts2.java

package com.struts2.test;import org.apache.struts2.StrutsSpringTestCase;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;import org.testng.annotations.Test;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionProxy;import com.system.action.UserAction;import com.system.service.UserManager;public class TestStruts2 extends StrutsSpringTestCase{      private ActionProxy proxy;      private UserAction action;      private UserManager manager;      @Override      public void setUp() throws Exception{          super.setUp();          //必须          ApplicationContext  ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(new String[]{"applicationContext.xml"});          manager = (UserManager)ctx.getBean("userManager");      }      @Test      public void testAction1() throws Exception{          proxy = this.getActionProxy("/userAction.do");          action = (UserAction)proxy.getAction();          action.setManager(manager);          String result = action.list();                assertEquals("success",result);      }      @Test      public void testAction2() throws Exception{          proxy = this.getActionProxy("/order/mod.do");      }      /**     * @param args     */    public static void main(String[] args) {        // TODO 自动生成的方法存根    }}  9、log4j的配置log4j.properties

这里写代码片

### direct log messages to stdout ###log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.outlog4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### direct messages to file hibernate.log ####log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender#log4j.appender.file.File=hibernate.log#log4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout#log4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###log4j.rootLogger=warn, stdout#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=info#log4j.logger.org.hibernate=debug### log HQL query parser activity#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql.ast.AST=debug### log just the SQL#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.SQL=debug### log JDBC bind parameters ####log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=info#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.type=debug### log schema export/update ####log4j.logger.org.hibernate.tool.hbm2ddl=debug### log HQL parse trees#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.hql=debug### log cache activity ####log4j.logger.org.hibernate.cache=debug### log transaction activity#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.transaction=debug### log JDBC resource acquisition#log4j.logger.org.hibernate.jdbc=debug### enable the following line if you want to track down connection ###### leakages when using DriverManagerConnectionProvider ####log4j.logger.org.hibernate.connection.DriverManagerConnectionProvider=trace

重点内容
使用Struts2的注解功能，包名一定要按照上述程序结构去创建，web.xml加入actionPackages的初始化参数，

<filter>        <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>        <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>        <init-param>            <param-name>actionPackages</param-name>            <param-value>com.system</param-value>        </init-param>    </filter>

与spring集成时，把action纳入spring的管理范围，要在struts2的配置文件加入，

<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />

否则注解失效，提示没有action map的异常。