Hive 创建表报"Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes" 错误

Hive元数据库使用MySQL数据库，在使用Hive创建表的时候，报了以下错误：

hive>  create table base ( id  int, name string, address string) row format delimited fields terminated by ',';FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask. MetaException(message:javax.jdo.JDODataStoreException: An exception was thrown while adding/validating class(es) : Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytescom.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes        at sun.reflect.GeneratedConstructorAccessor27.newInstance(Unknown Source)        at sun.reflect.DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.newInstance(DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl.java:45)        at java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:526)        at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.handleNewInstance(Util.java:411)        at com.mysql.jdbc.Util.getInstance(Util.java:386)        at com.mysql.jdbc.SQLError.createSQLException(SQLError.java:1052)        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3609)        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.checkErrorPacket(MysqlIO.java:3541)        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sendCommand(MysqlIO.java:2002)        at com.mysql.jdbc.MysqlIO.sqlQueryDirect(MysqlIO.java:2163)        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2618)        at com.mysql.jdbc.ConnectionImpl.execSQL(ConnectionImpl.java:2568)        at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.execute(StatementImpl.java:842)        at com.mysql.jdbc.StatementImpl.execute(StatementImpl.java:681)        at com.jolbox.bonecp.StatementHandle.execute(StatementHandle.java:254)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.executeDdlStatement(AbstractTable.java:760)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.executeDdlStatementList(AbstractTable.java:711)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.create(AbstractTable.java:425)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.table.AbstractTable.exists(AbstractTable.java:488)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.performTablesValidation(RDBMSStoreManager.java:3380)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.addClassTablesAndValidate(RDBMSStoreManager.java:3190)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager$ClassAdder.run(RDBMSStoreManager.java:2841)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.AbstractSchemaTransaction.execute(AbstractSchemaTransaction.java:122)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.addClasses(RDBMSStoreManager.java:1605)        at org.datanucleus.store.AbstractStoreManager.addClass(AbstractStoreManager.java:954)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.getDatastoreClass(RDBMSStoreManager.java:679)        at org.datanucleus.store.rdbms.RDBMSStoreManager.getPropertiesForGenerator(RDBMSStoreManager.java:2045)        at org.datanucleus.store.AbstractStoreManager.getStrategyValue(AbstractStoreManager.java:1365)        at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextImpl.newObjectId(ExecutionContextImpl.java:3827)        at org.datanucleus.state.JDOStateManager.setIdentity(JDOStateManager.java:2571)        at org.datanucleus.state.JDOStateManager.initialiseForPersistentNew(JDOStateManager.java:513)        at org.datanucleus.state.ObjectProviderFactoryImpl.newForPersistentNew(ObjectProviderFactoryImpl.java:232)        at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextImpl.newObjectProviderForPersistentNew(ExecutionContextImpl.java:1414)        at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextImpl.persistObjectInternal(ExecutionContextImpl.java:2218)        at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextImpl.persistObjectWork(ExecutionContextImpl.java:2065)        at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextImpl.persistObject(ExecutionContextImpl.java:1913)        at org.datanucleus.ExecutionContextThreadedImpl.persistObject(ExecutionContextThreadedImpl.java:217)        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.jdoMakePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:727)        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.makePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:752)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.createTable(ObjectStore.java:719)        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.invoke(RawStoreProxy.java:108)        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy0.createTable(Unknown Source)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.create_table_core(HiveMetaStore.java:1261)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.create_table_with_environment_context(HiveMetaStore.java:1294)        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.invoke(RetryingHMSHandler.java:105)        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy12.create_table_with_environment_context(Unknown Source)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.ThriftHiveMetastore$Processor$create_table_with_environment_context.getResult(ThriftHiveMetastore.java:8016)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.ThriftHiveMetastore$Processor$create_table_with_environment_context.getResult(ThriftHiveMetastore.java:8000)        at org.apache.thrift.ProcessFunction.process(ProcessFunction.java:39)        at org.apache.thrift.TBaseProcessor.process(TBaseProcessor.java:39)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.TSetIpAddressProcessor.process(TSetIpAddressProcessor.java:48)        at org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer$WorkerProcess.run(TThreadPoolServer.java:206)        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.NucleusJDOHelper.getJDOExceptionForNucleusException(NucleusJDOHelper.java:451)        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.jdoMakePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:732)        at org.datanucleus.api.jdo.JDOPersistenceManager.makePersistent(JDOPersistenceManager.java:752)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.ObjectStore.createTable(ObjectStore.java:719)        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RawStoreProxy.invoke(RawStoreProxy.java:108)        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy0.createTable(Unknown Source)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.create_table_core(HiveMetaStore.java:1261)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.HiveMetaStore$HMSHandler.create_table_with_environment_context(HiveMetaStore.java:1294)        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)        at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)        at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)        at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.RetryingHMSHandler.invoke(RetryingHMSHandler.java:105)        at com.sun.proxy.$Proxy12.create_table_with_environment_context(Unknown Source)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.ThriftHiveMetastore$Processor$create_table_with_environment_context.getResult(ThriftHiveMetastore.java:8016)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.api.ThriftHiveMetastore$Processor$create_table_with_environment_context.getResult(ThriftHiveMetastore.java:8000)        at org.apache.thrift.ProcessFunction.process(ProcessFunction.java:39)        at org.apache.thrift.TBaseProcessor.process(TBaseProcessor.java:39)        at org.apache.hadoop.hive.metastore.TSetIpAddressProcessor.process(TSetIpAddressProcessor.java:48)        at org.apache.thrift.server.TThreadPoolServer$WorkerProcess.run(TThreadPoolServer.java:206)        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)        at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)NestedThrowablesStackTrace:

             参考其他资料得知，是MySQL数据库字符集与Hive hive-site.xml中定义的不一致导致的。hive-site.xml中定义如下：

<property>  <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>  <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.2.39:3306/hive?characterEncoding=UTF-8</value></property>

解决办法：

  进入MySQL中，修改对应数据的默认编码： alter database hive character set latin1;即可