CentOS下装oracle 12c(命令行模式安装）
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实验环境：
1：安装oracle所需软件包
Oracle 12c所需的rpm包如下：
binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.11.el6 (x86_64)compat-libcap1-1.10-1 (x86_64)compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (x86_64)compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6 (i686)gcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)gcc-c++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)glibc-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (x86_64)glibc-devel-2.12-1.7.el6 (i686)kshlibgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)libgcc-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)libstdc++-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (x86_64)libstdc++-devel-4.4.4-13.el6 (i686)libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)libaio-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (x86_64)libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6 (i686)libXext-1.1 (x86_64)libXext-1.1 (i686)libXtst-1.0.99.2 (x86_64)libXtst-1.0.99.2 (i686)libX11-1.3 (x86_64)libX11-1.3 (i686)libXau-1.0.5 (x86_64)libXau-1.0.5 (i686)libxcb-1.5 (x86_64)libxcb-1.5 (i686)libXi-1.3 (x86_64)libXi-1.3 (i686)make-3.81-19.el6sysstat-9.0.4-11.el6 (x86_64)
[root@ser6-51 mongodb]# yum install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libxcb libXi make sysstat
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, securityDetermining fastest mirrors * base: mirrors.163.com * extras: mirrors.aliyun.com * updates: mirrors.163.combase | 3.7 kB 00:00 extras | 3.4 kB 00:00 updates | 3.4 kB 00:00 updates/primary_db | 3.9 MB 00:04 Setting up Install ProcessPackage gcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest versionPackage gcc-c++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest versionPackage libgcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest versionPackage libstdc++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest versionPackage libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest versionPackage libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest versionPackage libXau-1.0.6-4.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest versionPackage 1:make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest versionResolving Dependencies--> Running transaction check---> Package binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6 will be updated---> Package binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 will be an update---> Package compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 will be installed---> Package compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated--> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.132.el6 for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64--> Processing Dependency: glibc = 2.12-1.132.el6 for package: glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64---> Package glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated---> Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update---> Package ksh.x86_64 0:20120801-21.el6_6.3 will be installed---> Package libX11.x86_64 0:1.5.0-4.el6 will be updated---> Package libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6 will be an update--> Processing Dependency: libX11-common = 1.6.0-2.2.el6 for package: libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64---> Package libXext.x86_64 0:1.3.1-2.el6 will be updated---> Package libXext.x86_64 0:1.3.2-2.1.el6 will be an update---> Package libXi.x86_64 0:1.6.1-3.el6 will be updated---> Package libXi.x86_64 0:1.7.2-2.2.el6 will be an update---> Package libXtst.x86_64 0:1.2.1-2.el6 will be updated---> Package libXtst.x86_64 0:1.2.2-2.1.el6 will be an update---> Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed---> Package libxcb.x86_64 0:1.8.1-1.el6 will be updated---> Package libxcb.x86_64 0:1.9.1-2.el6 will be an update---> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-22.el6 will be updated---> Package sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-27.el6 will be an update--> Running transaction check---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated---> Package glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.132.el6 will be updated---> Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 will be an update---> Package libX11-common.noarch 0:1.5.0-4.el6 will be updated---> Package libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6 will be an update--> Finished Dependency Resolution Dependencies Resolved ========================================================================================================================================================================================================= Package Arch Version Repository Size=========================================================================================================================================================================================================Installing: compat-libcap1 x86_64 1.10-1 base 17 k compat-libstdc++-33 x86_64 3.2.3-69.el6 base 183 k ksh x86_64 20120801-21.el6_6.3 updates 758 k libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6 base 13 kUpdating: binutils x86_64 2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 base 2.8 M glibc x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 3.8 M glibc-devel x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 984 k libX11 x86_64 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 586 k libXext x86_64 1.3.2-2.1.el6 base 35 k libXi x86_64 1.7.2-2.2.el6 base 37 k libXtst x86_64 1.2.2-2.1.el6 base 19 k libxcb x86_64 1.9.1-2.el6 base 110 k sysstat x86_64 9.0.4-27.el6 base 233 kUpdating for dependencies: glibc-common x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 14 M glibc-headers x86_64 2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 updates 612 k libX11-common noarch 1.6.0-2.2.el6 base 192 k Transaction Summary=========================================================================================================================================================================================================Install 4 Package(s)Upgrade 12 Package(s) Total download size: 24 MIs this ok [y/N]: yDownloading Packages:(1/16): binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64.rpm | 2.8 MB 00:02 (2/16): compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64.rpm | 17 kB 00:00 (3/16): compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64.rpm | 183 kB 00:00 (4/16): glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 3.8 MB 00:05 (5/16): glibc-common-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 14 MB 00:13 (6/16): glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 984 kB 00:02 (7/16): glibc-headers-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64.rpm | 612 kB 00:01 (8/16): ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64.rpm | 758 kB 00:01 (9/16): libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 586 kB 00:01 (10/16): libX11-common-1.6.0-2.2.el6.noarch.rpm | 192 kB 00:00 (11/16): libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 35 kB 00:00 (12/16): libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 37 kB 00:00 (13/16): libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 19 kB 00:00 (14/16): libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64.rpm | 13 kB 00:00 (15/16): libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 110 kB 00:00 (16/16): sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64.rpm | 233 kB 00:00 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Total 712 kB/s | 24 MB 00:35 Running rpm_check_debugRunning Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning Transaction Updating : glibc-common-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 1/28 Updating : glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 2/28 Updating : glibc-headers-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 3/28 Updating : libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64 4/28 Updating : libX11-common-1.6.0-2.2.el6.noarch 5/28 Updating : libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64 6/28 Updating : libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 7/28 Updating : libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64 8/28 Updating : libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 9/28 Updating : glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 10/28 Installing : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 11/28 Updating : sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64 12/28 Installing : ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64 13/28 Installing : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 14/28 Updating : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64 15/28 Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 16/28 Cleanup : glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 17/28 Cleanup : libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.x86_64 18/28 Cleanup : glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 19/28 Cleanup : libXi-1.6.1-3.el6.x86_64 20/28 Cleanup : libXext-1.3.1-2.el6.x86_64 21/28 Cleanup : libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.x86_64 22/28 Cleanup : libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.x86_64 23/28 Cleanup : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64 24/28 Cleanup : sysstat-9.0.4-22.el6.x86_64 25/28 Cleanup : libX11-common-1.5.0-4.el6.noarch 26/28 Cleanup : glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 27/28 Cleanup : glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 28/28 Verifying : glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 1/28 Verifying : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 2/28 Verifying : libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64 3/28 Verifying : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 4/28 Verifying : libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 5/28 Verifying : glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 6/28 Verifying : sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64 7/28 Verifying : ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64 8/28 Verifying : compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 9/28 Verifying : glibc-headers-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 10/28 Verifying : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64 11/28 Verifying : libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64 12/28 Verifying : libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64 13/28 Verifying : glibc-common-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64 14/28 Verifying : libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64 15/28 Verifying : libX11-common-1.6.0-2.2.el6.noarch 16/28 Verifying : glibc-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 17/28 Verifying : glibc-devel-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 18/28 Verifying : glibc-headers-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 19/28 Verifying : glibc-common-2.12-1.132.el6.x86_64 20/28 Verifying : binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.36.el6.x86_64 21/28 Verifying : libXi-1.6.1-3.el6.x86_64 22/28 Verifying : libX11-common-1.5.0-4.el6.noarch 23/28 Verifying : sysstat-9.0.4-22.el6.x86_64 24/28 Verifying : libxcb-1.8.1-1.el6.x86_64 25/28 Verifying : libXtst-1.2.1-2.el6.x86_64 26/28 Verifying : libX11-1.5.0-4.el6.x86_64 27/28 Verifying : libXext-1.3.1-2.el6.x86_64 28/28 Installed: compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 compat-libstdc++-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 ksh.x86_64 0:20120801-21.el6_6.3 libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 Updated: binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 glibc.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 libX11.x86_64 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6 libXext.x86_64 0:1.3.2-2.1.el6 libXi.x86_64 0:1.7.2-2.2.el6 libXtst.x86_64 0:1.2.2-2.1.el6 libxcb.x86_64 0:1.9.1-2.el6 sysstat.x86_64 0:9.0.4-27.el6 Dependency Updated: glibc-common.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.149.el6_6.9 libX11-common.noarch 0:1.6.0-2.2.el6 Complete!
验证 Oracle 所需要的系统依赖程序包是否完整。
[root@ser6-51 mongodb]# rpm -qa binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libaio libaio-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libxcb libXi make sysstat
libgcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64libstdc++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64gcc-c++-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64glibc-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64libX11-1.6.0-2.2.el6.x86_64glibc-devel-2.12-1.149.el6_6.9.x86_64compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64make-3.81-20.el6.x86_64libaio-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64libXau-1.0.6-4.el6.x86_64libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64libXext-1.3.2-2.1.el6.x86_64libXtst-1.2.2-2.1.el6.x86_64compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64ksh-20120801-21.el6_6.3.x86_64binutils-2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6.x86_64gcc-4.4.7-11.el6.x86_64libxcb-1.9.1-2.el6.x86_64libXi-1.7.2-2.2.el6.x86_64sysstat-9.0.4-27.el6.x86_64libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64
2：对OS进行配置
2.1 创建相关用户和用户组
groupadd oinstall
groupadd oper
groupadd dba
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
2.2 修改oracle用户的密码
passwd oracle
2.3 修改系统参数
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
添加：
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586
运行sysctl -p应用以上参数
/sbin/sysctl -p
2.4 修改用户Limits
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
新增如下内容：
oracle soft nofile 65536
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft nproc 16384
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle stack nproc 10240
oracle stack nproc 10240
2.5 创建相关目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1
mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle/oradata
mkdir –p /u01/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/archlog
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
2.6 配置环境变量
su - oracle
vi .bash_profile
添加：
# Oracle SettingsCOLUMNS=132; export COLUMNSLINES=47; export LINESEDITOR=vi; export EDITOR TMP=/tmp; export TMPTMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIRORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASEORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/12c/db_1; export ORACLE_HOMEORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SIDSHLIB_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH;export SHLIB_PATHNLS_LANG=American_America.zhs16gbk;export NLS_LANGORA_NLS10=$ORACLE_HOME/nls/data;export ORA_NLS10TNS_ADMIN=$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin;export TNS_ADMINORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERMPATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATHPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATHLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATHCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jre:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATHalias glance=/opt/perf/bin/glance:xalias gohome='cd /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0'alias cdb='cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/bdump'alias cdu='cd /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcl/udump'
--里面的内容可以根据实际情况进行改动，如可以改动ORACLE_SID.
修改完用：source .bash_profile生效。
2.7修改/etc/hosts
[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ cat /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ hostname
ser6-51
把127.0.0.1那一行改为：127.0.0.1 ser6-51
2.8修改操作系统发行版本
由于 oracle 还没有推出支持 CentOS 的安装包，所以需要修改发行版本，以便通过 oracle 的安装检查。
vi /etc/redhat-release
把CentOS release 6.5 (Final) 注释掉，前面加上一行redhat-4，当oracle安装完成后,再修改回来。
如：
redhat-4
#CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
2.9 关闭SELINUX
vi /etc/selinux/config
将SELINUX那一行改成：
SELINUX=disabled
3：安装
3.1 解压安装包
[root@ser6-51 download]# ls -ltr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1014530602 Jul 6 15:07 linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1673544724 Jul 6 15:12 linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
[root@ser6-51 download]# unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
[root@ser6-51 download]# unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
[root@ser6-51 download]# ls -ltr
drwxr-xr-x 7 root root 4096 Jul 7 2014 database
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1014530602 Jul 6 15:07 linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1673544724 Jul 6 15:12 linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip
3.2 安装oracle软件
3.2.1 新建静默安装的应答文件
su - oracle
vi 12102db_install.rsp
添加：
######################################################################## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2013. All rights reserved. #### #### Specify values for the variables listed below to customize #### your installation. #### #### Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment #### can help to populate the variables with the appropriate #### values. #### #### IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and #### should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user #### or db administrator who owns this installation. #### ######################################################################## #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Do not change the following system generated value.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v12.1.0 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the installation option.# It can be one of the following:# - INSTALL_DB_SWONLY# - INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG# - UPGRADE_DB#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames# and network interfaces)#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ser6-51 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory. #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.# This is an optional parameter if installing on# Windows based Operating System.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------INVENTORY_LOCATION=/u01/app/oraInventory #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the languages in which the components will be installed. ## en : English ja : Japanese # fr : French ko : Korean # ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish # bn : Bengali lv : Latvian # pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian # bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay # fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish # ca : Catalan no : Norwegian # hr : Croatian pl : Polish # cs : Czech pt : Portuguese # da : Danish ro : Romanian # nl : Dutch ru : Russian # ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese # en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak # et : Estonian sl : Slovenian # fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish # de : German sv : Swedish # el : Greek th : Thai # iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese # hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish # is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian # in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese # it : Italian ## all_langs : All languages## Specify value as the following to select any of the languages.# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja## Specify value as the following to select all the languages.# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=all_langs #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the installation edition of the component. # # The value should contain only one of these choices. # - EE : Enterprise Edition # - SE : Standard Edition # - SEONE : Standard Edition One# - PE : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY)#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE ################################################################################## ## PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS ## ------------------------------------------ ## Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges ## needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the ## group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. ## ## The value to be specified for OSDBA and OSOPER group is only for UNIX based ## Operating System. ## ################################################################################ #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.# The value to be specified for OSOPER group is optional.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oper #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The BACKUPDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSBACKUPDBA privileges.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.BACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The DGDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDGDBA privileges.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.DGDBA_GROUP=dba #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# The KMDBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSKMDBA privileges.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.KMDBA_GROUP=dba ################################################################################# ## Database Configuration Options ## ################################################################################# #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the type of database to create.# It can be one of the following:# - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING # - DATA_WAREHOUSE #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type= #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName= #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the Starter Database SID.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID= #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify whether the database should be configured as a Container database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.ConfigureAsContainerDB= #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the Pluggable Database name for the pluggable database in Container Database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.PDBName= #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the Starter Database character set.# # One of the following# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet= #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management# in Database is desired.# If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation# is to be done manually, then set it to false.#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption= #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be# at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available# on the system.# Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit= ################################################################################## ## Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the ## starter database: ## SYS ## SYSTEM ## DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) ## ## Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) ## or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) ## ################################################################################## #------------------------------------------------------------------------------# This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the# starter database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the SYS password for the starter database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS= #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM= #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP= #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the PDBADMIN password required for creation of Pluggable Database in the Container Database.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.PDBADMIN=#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify whether user doesn't want to configure Security Updates.# The value for this variable should be true if you don't want to configure# Security Updates, false otherwise.## The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed# to be false.## Example : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false#------------------------------------------------------------------------------DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true#------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Specify the auto-updates option. It can be one of the following:# - MYORACLESUPPORT_DOWNLOAD# - OFFLINE_UPDATES# - SKIP_UPDATES#------------------------------------------------------------------------------oracle.installer.autoupdates.option=SKIP_UPDATES
3.2.2 静默安装软件
[root@ser6-51 install]# su - oracle
[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ cd /download/database/
[oracle@ser6-51 database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/12102db_install.rsp
/*
假如安装过程中报错了，已经在$ORACLE_HOME和/u01/app/oraInventory下生成了很多文件目录。想再次安装的话，需要先删除这些文件：
[oracle@ser6-52 app]$ pwd
/u01/app
[oracle@ser6-52 app]$ rm -rf /u01/app/oraInventory
cd $ORACLE_HOME/
rm -rf *
*/
执行两个脚本：
[root@ser6-51 ~]# sh /u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
root@ser6-51 ~]# sh /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/root.sh
Check /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/install/root_ser6-51_2015-07-06_19-00-11.log for the output of root script
3.3 建库
3.3.1 建响应文件
v i /home/oracle/dbca.rsp
添加：
[GENERAL]RESPONSEFILE_VERSION = "12.1.2.0"OPERATION_TYPE = "createDatabase"[CREATEDATABASE]GDBNAME = "orcl"SID = "orcl"TEMPLATENAME = "New_Database.dbt"SYSPASSWORD = "orcl"SYSTEMPASSWORD = "orcl"SYSMANPASSWORD = "orcl"DBSNMPPASSWORD = "orcl"DATAFILEDESTINATION ="/u01/app/oracle/oradata"STORAGETYPE=FSCHARACTERSET = "ZHS16GBK"DATABASETYPE = "MULTIPURPOSE"AUTOMATICMEMORYMANAGEMENT = "FALSE"
3.3.2 执行命令
dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp
Creating and starting Oracle instance1% complete4% completeCreating database files5% complete9% completeCreating data dictionary views10% complete13% complete14% complete15% complete16% complete17% complete18% complete21% complete22% complete23% complete24% completeAdding Oracle JVM30% complete37% complete44% complete46% completeAdding Oracle Text47% complete48% complete50% complete51% completeAdding Oracle Multimedia52% complete65% completeAdding Oracle OLAP66% complete67% complete68% complete69% completeAdding Oracle Spatial70% complete78% completeAdding Oracle Application Express83% complete87% completeCompleting Database Creation89% complete90% complete91% complete95% complete100% complete
[oracle@ser6-51 dbs]$ export ORACLE_SID=orcl
[oracle@ser6-51 dbs]$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Wed Jul 8 09:29:16 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options
SQL> select status from v$instance;
STATUS
------------
OPEN
3.4配监听
3.4.1 建响应文件
vi 12102_netca.rsp
添加：
[GENERAL]RESPONSEFILE_VERSION="12.1"CREATE_TYPE="CUSTOM" #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : SHOW_GUI# Datatype : Boolean# Description: This variable controls appearance/suppression of the NetCA GUI,# Pre-req : N/A# Default : TRUE# Note:# This must be set to false in order to run NetCA in silent mode.# This is a substitute of "/silent" flag in the NetCA command line.# The command line flag has precedence over the one in this response file.# This feature is present since 10.1.0.3.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------#SHOW_GUI=false #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------# Name : LOG_FILE# Datatype : String# Description: If present, NetCA will log output to this file in addition to the# standard out.# Pre-req : N/A# Default : NONE# Note:# This is a substitute of "/log" in the NetCA command line.# The command line argument has precedence over the one in this response file.# This feature is present since 10.1.0.3.#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------#LOG_FILE=""/oracle12cHome/network/tools/log/netca.log"" [oracle.net.ca]#INSTALLED_COMPONENTS;StringList;list of installed components# The possible values for installed components are:# "net8","server","client","aso", "cman", "javavm"INSTALLED_COMPONENTS={"server","net8","javavm"} #INSTALL_TYPE;String;type of install# The possible values for install type are:# "typical","minimal" or "custom"INSTALL_TYPE=""typical"" #LISTENER_NUMBER;Number;Number of Listeners# A typical install sets one listenerLISTENER_NUMBER=1 #LISTENER_NAMES;StringList;list of listener names# The values for listener are:# "LISTENER","LISTENER1","LISTENER2","LISTENER3", ...# A typical install sets only "LISTENER"LISTENER_NAMES="LISTENER" #LISTENER_PROTOCOLS;StringList;list of listener addresses (protocols and parameters separated by semicolons)# The possible values for listener protocols are:# "TCP;1521","TCPS;2484","NMP;ORAPIPE","IPC;IPCKEY","VI;1521"# A typical install sets only "TCP;1521"LISTENER_PROTOCOLS="TCP;1521" #LISTENER_START;String;name of the listener to start, in double quotesLISTENER_START=""LISTENER"" #NAMING_METHODS;StringList;list of naming methods# The possible values for naming methods are:# LDAP, TNSNAMES, ONAMES, HOSTNAME, NOVELL, NIS, DCE# A typical install sets only: "TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAMES"# or "LDAP","TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAMES" for LDAPNAMING_METHODS={"TNSNAMES","ONAMES","HOSTNAME"} #NOVELL_NAMECONTEXT;String;Novell Directory Service name context, in double quotes# A typical install does not use this variable.#NOVELL_NAMECONTEXT = ""NAMCONTEXT"" #SUN_METAMAP;String; SUN meta map, in double quotes# A typical install does not use this variable.#SUN_METAMAP = ""MAP"" #DCE_CELLNAME;String;DCE cell name, in double quotes# A typical install does not use this variable.#DCE_CELLNAME = ""CELL"" #NSN_NUMBER;Number;Number of NetService Names# A typical install sets one net service nameNSN_NUMBER=1 #NSN_NAMES;StringList;list of Net Service names# A typical install sets net service name to "EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA"NSN_NAMES="EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA" #NSN_SERVICE;StringList;Oracle12c database's service name# A typical install sets Oracle12c database's service name to "PLSExtProc"NSN_SERVICE="PLSExtProc"
3.4.2 执行命令
[oracle@ser6-51 ~]$ netca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/12102_netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /home/oracle/12102_netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
4：设置开机启动
4.1 修改dbstart文件
假如执行/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/bin/dbstart报错：
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start Oracle Net Listener
Usage: /u01/app/oracle/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/bin/dbstart ORACLE_HOME
修改dbstart文件，将ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
修改为ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
4.2修改/etc/oratab
添加：
orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1:Y
4.3修改/etc/rc.d/rc.local
添加一行：
su oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/product/12c/db_1/bin/dbstart
--说明：/u01/app/oracle/product/12c/dbhome_1为oracle的安装目录，要根据实际情况进行修改。
reboot试验下看是否能开机自动启动。
5：开1521端口
如果防火墙开启了的话，要开1521端口，允许远程访问。
vi /etc/sysconfig/iptables
直接在配置文件里已有的-A INPUT那些命令下面
添加一行：
-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 1521-j ACCEPT
重启防火墙
[root@ser6-52 mongodb]# /etc/init.d/iptables restart
iptables: Setting chains to policy ACCEPT: filter [ OK ]
iptables: Flushing firewall rules: [ OK ]
iptables: Unloading modules: [ OK ]
iptables: Applying firewall rules: [ OK ]
6：后续配置
#把操作系统版本改回原来的配置
[root@pc ~]# vi /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.8 (Tikanga)
修改后：
#redhat-4
CentOS release 6.5 (Final)
对应步骤2.8。
--本篇文章主要参考文章：http://www.woqutech.com/?p=894
--静默方式建库参考这篇文章。
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