Centos 7 Oracle 12C 超详细安装

[1]

先决环境Install Desktop Environment, refer to here.

[2]Install required packages.[root@dlp ~]#

yum -y install binutils compat-libcap1 gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc.i686 glibc-devel glibc.i686 ksh libaio libaio.i686 libaio-devel libaio-devel.i686 libgcc libgcc.i686 libstdc++ libstdc++l7.i686 libstdc++-devel libstdc++-devel.i686 compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++-33.i686 libXi libXi.i686 libXtst libXtst.i686 make sysstat

[3]Edit Kernel parameters.

[root@dlp ~]#

MEMTOTAL=$(free -b | sed -n '2p' | awk '{print $2}')

[root@dlp ~]#

SHMMAX=$(expr $MEMTOTAL / 2)

[root@dlp ~]#

SHMMNI=4096

[root@dlp ~]#

PAGESIZE=$(getconf PAGE_SIZE)

[root@dlp ~]#

cat >> /etc/sysctl.conf << EOF
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmax = $SHMMAX
kernel.shmall = `expr \( $SHMMAX / $PAGESIZE \) \* \( $SHMMNI / 16 \)`
kernel.shmmni = $SHMMNI
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
EOF

[root@dlp ~]#

sysctl -p

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmmax = 6274715648
kernel.shmall = 392169728
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576[4]Create user and groups for Oracle Database service.[root@dlp ~]#

i=54321; for group in oinstall dba backupdba oper dgdba kmdba; do
groupadd -g $i $group; i=`expr $i + 1`
done

[root@dlp ~]#

useradd -u 1200 -g oinstall -G dba,oper,backupdba,dgdba,kmdba -d /home/oracle oracle

[root@dlp ~]#

passwd oracle

Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
[root@dlp ~]#

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle

[root@dlp ~]#

chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app

[root@dlp ~]#

chmod -R 775 /u01

[root@dlp ~]#

vi /etc/pam.d/login

# near line 14: add

session    required     pam_selinux.so opensession    required     pam_namespace.so

session    required     pam_limits.so

session    optional     pam_keyinit.so force revokesession    include      system-auth-session   optional     pam_ck_connector.so

[root@dlp ~]#

vi /etc/security/limits.conf

# add to the end

oracle  soft  nproc   2047oracle  hard  nproc   16384oracle  soft  nofile  1024oracle  hard  nofile  65536oracle  soft  stack   10240oracle  hard  stack   32768

[5]图形化安装Oracle 12C Login with the user "oracle" and set environment variables.

dlp login:

oracle

Password:

[oracle@dlp ~]$

vi ~/.bash_profile

# add to the end

umask 022
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle

# create a temporary directory for installation

[oracle@dlp ~]$

mkdir tmp

[1]Login and work with oracle admin user which you create in pre-requirements settings.[2]

Download Oracle Databse 12c for Linux and upload on your server.
⇒ http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/database/index.html

[3]After uploading Oracle files, move to a tmp directory and run an Installer like follows.[oracle@dlp ~]$

cd tmp

[oracle@dlp tmp]$

unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_1of2.zip

[oracle@dlp tmp]$

unzip linuxamd64_12102_database_2of2.zip

[oracle@dlp tmp]$

./database/runInstaller

[4]Oracle Installer starts like follows. First, Set your email address and password for receiving some infomation from Oracle like security issues and so on.[5]On this example, Select "Install database software only".[6]On this example, Select "Single Instance Database ***".[7]Select your language.[8]Select which edition you install.[9]Specify the base directory and files for Oracle. On this example, keep default and proceed to next.[10]Specify the installed directory. On this example, keep default and proceed to next.[11]Specify the priviledged group. On this example, keep default and proceed to next.[12]Pre-requirements are checked. If some settings are not configured for recomendations, notification is displayed like follows.Confirm them again.[13]The summary is shown for configuration. Click "Install" if it's OK all.[14]Installation starts.[15]Following screen is shown, then open a terminal and execute follwong commands with the root user.[root@dlp ~]#

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

Changing permissions of /u01/app/oraInventory.Adding read,write permissions for group.Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.Changing groupname of /u01/app/oraInventory to oinstall.The execution of the script is complete.[root@dlp ~]#

[root@dlp ~]#

/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

Performing root user operation.The following environment variables are set as:    ORACLE_OWNER= oracle    ORACLE_HOME=  /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1

Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory: [/usr/local/bin]:   

# Enter

   Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...   Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...   Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...Creating /etc/oratab file...Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed byDatabase Configuration Assistant when a database is createdFinished running generic part of root script.Now product-specific root actions will be performed.

[16]Installation completed. Click "Close" button.[17]Set Environment variables for Oracle user.

[oracle@dlp ~]$

vi ~/.bash_profile

# add to the end

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

[oracle@dlp ~]$

source ~/.bash_profile

[oracle@dlp ~]$

rm -rf tmp

 

创建监听Create Oracle Net Listener that is the network service on Oracle.

[1]Login with the oracle admin user and input a command "netca" like follows.[oracle@dlp ~]$ netca
[2]Check a box "Listener Configuration" and go next.[3]Go next.[4]Set Listner's name. Input any one you like.[5]This example goes next with keeping default "TCP".[6]Set a port. This example goes next with keeping default.[7]If you'd like to create more Listeners, Answer "Yes". This example selects "No".[8]Configuration completed.[9]After creating Listener, tnslsnr listens on the port you configured like follows.[oracle@dlp ~]$

ss -napt

State      Recv-Q Send-Q          Local Address:Port       Peer Address:PortLISTEN     0      128                         *:22                    *:*LISTEN     0      128                 127.0.0.1:631                   *:*LISTEN     0      100                 127.0.0.1:25                    *:*ESTAB      0      52                  10.0.0.30:22             10.0.0.5:50113LISTEN     0      128                        :::1521                 :::*      users:(("tnslsnr",3988,9))LISTEN     0      128                        :::22                   :::*LISTEN     0      128                       ::1:631                  :::*LISTEN     0      100                       ::1:25                   :::*

[oracle@dlp ~]$

tnsping localhost

TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on 04-JUL-2015 01:03:07Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Used parameter files:Used HOSTNAME adapter to resolve the aliasAttempting to contact (DESCRIPTION=(CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=))(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=1521)))OK (0 msec)

 

创建数据库 Create a Database.

[1]Login with the oracle admin user and input a command "dbca" like follows.[oracle@dlp ~]$ dbc
[2]Select "Create Database" and go next.[3]On this example, select "Advanced Mode" and go next.[4]This example selects "General Purpose ***" and go next.[5]Set Grobal Database name and SID like follows. Input any one you like.[6]This example goes next with keeping default.[7]Set passwords. Please set a password for a user for security.[8]Configure Listener. On this example, keep default and go next.[9]Configure Storage settings. On this example, keep default and go next.[10]Configure sample schema and scripts. If you'd like to add them, Set them.[11]Configure memory settings. After setting, go to next tab.[12]Specify max processes.[13]Set Character setting.[14]Select a connection mode. If your server does not have many clients, Select Dedicated server mode. If your server has many clients, Select Shared server mode.[15]Go next.[16]Configuration completed. Click "Finish" button to finish.[17]Database creation starts.[18]After completing to create a database, Click "Close" to finish.[19]Add Database SID to the environment variables.

[oracle@dlp ~]$

vi /etc/oratab

# change like follows

dlp:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1:

Y

[oracle@dlp ~]$

vi ~/.bash_profile

# add to the end

export ORACLE_SID=dlp

 

To access to the Enterprise Manager, it's possible to manage Database on Web GUI.

[1]After creating database, database service is running and it's possible to access to Enterprise Manager, too. Access to the URL which was displayed when database creation finished, then Login form is shown and it's possible to login with a database user.[2]Just logined. It's possible to manage Database on here.

 

Create Systemd file for Oracle Database services.

[1]Login as root user and create Systemd files.

[root@dlp ~]#

vi /etc/sysconfig/dlp.oracledb

# create new : define environment variables

ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
ORACLE_SID=dlp

# configure listener service

[root@dlp ~]#

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/[e-mail]

# this is an example, modify for free

[Unit]Description=oracle net listenerAfter=network.target[Service]Type=forkingEnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/dlp.oracledbExecStart=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl startExecStop=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl stopUser=oracle[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target

# configure database service

[root@dlp ~]#

vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/[e-mail]

# this is an example, modify for free

[Unit]Description=oracle net listenerAfter=network.target lsnrctl.service[Service]Type=forkingEnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/dlp.oracledbExecStart=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1ExecStop=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbshut /u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1User=oracle[Install]WantedBy=multi-user.target

[root@dlp ~]#

systemctl daemon-reload

[root@dlp ~]#

systemctl enable dlp@lsnrctl dlp@oracledb