pySphere 管理 VCenter

       VMWare 的核心VCenter提供了针对Python的开发接口-pySphere.由于Python能够在Windows/Linux平台良好运行，所以选择Python能够实现更多的平台适应性。上一篇讲过如何使用PowerShell管理VCenter,其实使用Python来管理的具体做法也是大同小异，尤其体现在函数调用上。

       需要说明的是:

       1.使用pySphere必须安装python环境（推荐2.7环境，3.4环境由于语法不同，在安装的时候会大量报错）

       2.pySphere连接vcenter的方式是使用https形式的ssl连接，最好先安装vcenter的加密证书，否则会报错（certificate validation failed）

       3.如果安装证书后还报错，那么在代码import之后，加一句：ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context 这句话的作用是设置ssl不验证

下面是我整合的一个针对VCenter管理的一个类，实现了大部分的功能，还在继续完善中，提供源代码出来，欢迎补充。

'''@Created on 2015-7-24@author: Justin'''import osimport os.pathimport timeimport socketimport sysimport stringimport sslimport base64from pysphere import VIServerfrom pysphere import VIException, VIApiException, FaultTypes#import esxi_exception#to resolve the ssl problem#import ssl ssl._create_default_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context#Server Controlclass VCenterManagement:    server_ip    = ''    user_name    = ''    password     = ''    connect_flag = False    server       = None    #vm_list      = []    #def __init__(self):        #Use the given args to connect the esxi server you want    #@ip[string]: ESXi server's IP address    #@name[string]: the username used to login the ESXi server    #@pwd[string]: the password used to login the ESXi server    def connect_server(self, ip, name, pwd):        self.server_ip = ip        self.user_name = name        self.password  = pwd        self.server = VIServer()        self.server.connect(self.server_ip, self.user_name, self.password)        self.connect_flag = self.server.is_connected()        if self.connect_flag:            return True        return False    #To get all the definition registered vms from the connected server    #@param[string]: can be set as ALL, POWER_ON, POWER_OFF, SUSPENDED    #According to the param, returns a list of VM Paths. You might also filter by datacenter,    #cluster, or resource pool by providing their name or MORs.     #if  cluster is set, datacenter is ignored, and if resource pool is set    #both, datacenter and cluster are ignored.    def get_registered_vms(self, param, status=None, datacenter=None, cluster=None,                            resource_pool=None):        if param not in ['ALL', 'POWER_ON', 'POWER_OFF', 'SUSPENDED']:            print "Get VMs error: param can only be set as ALL, POWER_ON, POWER_OFF, or SUSPENDED."            return None        if self.connect_flag == False:            print "Get VMs error: Server not connected."            return None        if param == 'ALL':            return self.server.get_registered_vms(datacenter, cluster, resource_pool)        elif param == 'POWER_ON':            return self.server.get_registered_vms(datacenter, cluster, resource_pool, status='poweredOn')        elif param == 'POWER_OFF':            return self.server.get_registered_vms(datacenter, cluster, resource_pool, status='poweredOff')        elif param == 'SUSPENDED':            return self.server.get_registered_vms(datacenter, cluster, resource_pool, status='suspended')        else:            return None        #Disconnect to the Server    def disconnect(self):        if self.connect_flag == True:            self.server = self.server.disconnect()            self.connect_flag == False    #To keep session alive     def keep_session_alive(self):        assert self.server.keep_session_alive()    #To get the server type    def get_server_type(self):        return self.server.get_server_type()    #To get performance manager    def get_performance_manager(self):        return self.server.get_performance_manager()    #To get the all the server's hosts    def get_all_hosts(self):        """        Returns a dictionary of the existing hosts keys are their names        and values their ManagedObjectReference object.        """        return self.server.get_hosts()        #To get all datastores    def get_all_datastores(self):        """        Returns a dictionary of the existing datastores. Keys are        ManagedObjectReference and values datastore names.        """        return self.server.get_datastores()    #To get all clusters    def get_all_clusters(self):        """        Returns a dictionary of the existing clusters. Keys are their         ManagedObjectReference objects and values their names.        """        return self.server.get_clusters()    #To get all datacenters    def get_all_datacenters(self):        """        Returns a dictionary of the existing datacenters. keys are their        ManagedObjectReference objects and values their names.        """        return self.server.get_datacenters()    #To get all resource pools    def get_all_resource_pools(self):        """        Returns a dictionary of the existing ResourcePools. keys are their        ManagedObjectReference objects and values their full path names.        """        return self.server.get_resource_pools()            #To get hosts by name    def get_hosts_by_name(self, from_mor):        """        Returns a dictionary of the existing ResourcePools. keys are their        ManagedObjectReference objects and values their full path names.        @from_mor: if given, retrieves the hosts contained within the specified             managed entity.        """        try:            hosts_dic = self.server.get_hosts(from_mor)        except:            print "Get hosts error!"            return None        return hosts_dic    def get_vm_by_name(self,vm_name):        try:            vm = self.server.get_vm_by_name(vm_name)        except:            print "Get vm error!"            return None        return vm        def power_on_vm(self,vm_name):        try:            vm = self.get_vm_by_name(vm_name)            if(vm.is_powered_off()):                vm.power_on()                print "vm " + vm_name + " power on success."            else:                print "vm " + vm_name + "is already power on"                return False        except:            print "Power on vm " + vm_name + "error"            return False        return True    def power_off_vm(self,vm_name):        try:            vm = self.get_vm_by_name(vm_name)            if(vm.is_powered_on()):                vm.power_off()                print "vm " + vm_name + " power off success."            else:                print "vm " + vm_name + "is already power off"                return False        except:            print "Power off vm " + vm_name + " error"            return False        return True

下面我写了一些测试

server = VCenterManagement()if(server.connect_server("135.251.34.48","administrator","asb#2345") == True):    print "connected"else:    print "connect fail"datacenters = server.get_all_datacenters()for k,v in datacenters.items():    print "key:" + k + ",value:" + str(v);clusters = server.get_all_clusters()for k,v in clusters.items():    print "key:" + k + ",value:" + str(v);v = server.get_vm_by_name("MyVM1")vms = server.get_registered_vms("ALL")#print vms.get_property("name")for vm in vms:    print vm#server.power_off_vm("MyVM1")if(v.get_status() == "POWERED ON"):    server.power_off_vm("MyVM1")else:    server.power_on_vm("MyVM1")print v.get_property("name")print v.get_status()server.disconnect()print "server disconnected!"

运行结果如下：

总结:Python脚本非常高效，开发效率也是非常高的，尤其在自动化方面，是非常好的帮手，熟悉python能够非常方便地开发一些服务器管理的功能。