Socket通信——Windows下，使用Winsock，C++

来源：互联网发布：mac地址认证编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/18 00:49

MSDN上面关于Winsock部分

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms740632(v=vs.85).aspx

本文的代码来自MSDN

服务器端代码

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms737593(v=vs.85).aspx

客户端代码

https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms737591(v=vs.85).aspx

MSDN的例子还是很不错的，虽然是英文的，而且网站比较庞大，要善用搜索功能

Winsock编程和Linux下的编程是一致的，其实他们都是受Unix的影响

Socket()

Bind();

Listen();

Accept();

Read();/Write()；

Close()；

Winsock和Linux下编程的一个区别是

winsock要先调用WSAStartup()初始化Winsock

WSADATA 结构体包含了windows socket的实现信息

iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);

WSAStartup的参数MAKEWORD(2,2)，表示请求2.2版本的Winsock，并且将这个版本设置为调用者可用的Windows Socket支持的最高版本

附代码

服务器端

#undef UNICODE#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN#include <windows.h>#include <winsock2.h>#include <ws2tcpip.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <stdio.h>// 需要链接库 Ws2_32.lib#pragma comment (lib, "Ws2_32.lib")// #pragma comment (lib, "Mswsock.lib")#define DEFAULT_BUFLEN 512#define DEFAULT_PORT "27015"int __cdecl main(void){    WSADATA wsaData;    int iResult;    SOCKET ListenSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;    SOCKET ClientSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;    struct addrinfo *result = NULL;    struct addrinfo hints;    int iSendResult;    char recvbuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN];    int recvbuflen = DEFAULT_BUFLEN;    // 初始化 Winsock    iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);    if (iResult != 0) {        printf("WSAStartup failed with error: %d\n", iResult);        return 1;    }    ZeroMemory(&hints, sizeof(hints));    hints.ai_family = AF_INET;    hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;    hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;    hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE;    // 解析服务器端口和地址    iResult = getaddrinfo(NULL, DEFAULT_PORT, &hints, &result);    if ( iResult != 0 ) {        printf("getaddrinfo failed with error: %d\n", iResult);        WSACleanup();        return 1;    }    // 创建服务器端口    ListenSocket = socket(result->ai_family, result->ai_socktype, result->ai_protocol);    if (ListenSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {        printf("socket failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());        freeaddrinfo(result);        WSACleanup();        return 1;    }    // 设定监听套接字    iResult = bind( ListenSocket, result->ai_addr, (int)result->ai_addrlen);    if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {        printf("bind failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());        freeaddrinfo(result);        closesocket(ListenSocket);        WSACleanup();        return 1;    }    freeaddrinfo(result);    iResult = listen(ListenSocket, SOMAXCONN);    if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {        printf("listen failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());        closesocket(ListenSocket);        WSACleanup();        return 1;    }    //接受客户端套接字    ClientSocket = accept(ListenSocket, NULL, NULL);    if (ClientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {        printf("accept failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());        closesocket(ListenSocket);        WSACleanup();        return 1;    }    // 不再需要服务器套接字    closesocket(ListenSocket);    //接受消息直到对方关闭    do {        iResult = recv(ClientSocket, recvbuf, recvbuflen, 0);        if (iResult > 0) {            printf("Bytes received: %d\n", iResult);        // 将消息返回给发送者            iSendResult = send( ClientSocket, recvbuf, iResult, 0 );            if (iSendResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {                printf("send failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());                closesocket(ClientSocket);                WSACleanup();                return 1;            }            printf("Bytes sent: %d\n", iSendResult);        }        else if (iResult == 0)            printf("Connection closing...\n");        else  {            printf("recv failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());            closesocket(ClientSocket);            WSACleanup();            return 1;        }    } while (iResult > 0);    // 关闭连接    iResult = shutdown(ClientSocket, SD_SEND);    if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {        printf("shutdown failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());        closesocket(ClientSocket);        WSACleanup();        return 1;    }    //关闭套接字，释放资源    closesocket(ClientSocket);    WSACleanup();    return 0;}

客户端

#define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN#include <windows.h>#include <winsock2.h>#include <ws2tcpip.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <stdio.h>// 需要链接到3个库 Ws2_32.lib, Mswsock.lib, and Advapi32.lib#pragma comment (lib, "Ws2_32.lib")#pragma comment (lib, "Mswsock.lib")#pragma comment (lib, "AdvApi32.lib")#define DEFAULT_BUFLEN 512#define DEFAULT_PORT "27015"int __cdecl main(int argc, char **argv){    WSADATA wsaData;    SOCKET ConnectSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;    struct addrinfo *result = NULL,                    *ptr = NULL,                    hints;    char *sendbuf = "this is a test";    char recvbuf[DEFAULT_BUFLEN];    int iResult;    int recvbuflen = DEFAULT_BUFLEN;    // 确认参数    if (argc != 2) {        printf("usage: %s server-name\n", argv[0]);        return 1;    }    // 初始化 Winsock    iResult = WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsaData);    if (iResult != 0) {        printf("WSAStartup failed with error: %d\n", iResult);        return 1;    }    ZeroMemory( &hints, sizeof(hints) );    hints.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;    hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;    hints.ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;    //解析服务器地址和端口    iResult = getaddrinfo(argv[1], DEFAULT_PORT, &hints, &result);    if ( iResult != 0 ) {        printf("getaddrinfo failed with error: %d\n", iResult);        WSACleanup();        return 1;    }    // 尝试一次连接直到成功    for(ptr=result; ptr != NULL ;ptr=ptr->ai_next) {        //创建套接字连接到服务器        ConnectSocket = socket(ptr->ai_family, ptr->ai_socktype,            ptr->ai_protocol);        if (ConnectSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {            printf("socket failed with error: %ld\n", WSAGetLastError());            WSACleanup();            return 1;        }        //连接到服务器        iResult = connect( ConnectSocket, ptr->ai_addr, (int)ptr->ai_addrlen);        if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {            closesocket(ConnectSocket);            ConnectSocket = INVALID_SOCKET;            continue;        }        break;    }    freeaddrinfo(result);    if (ConnectSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {        printf("Unable to connect to server!\n");        WSACleanup();        return 1;    }    // 发送消息    iResult = send( ConnectSocket, sendbuf, (int)strlen(sendbuf), 0 );    if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {        printf("send failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());        closesocket(ConnectSocket);        WSACleanup();        return 1;    }    printf("Bytes Sent: %ld\n", iResult);    // 关闭套接字    iResult = shutdown(ConnectSocket, SD_SEND);    if (iResult == SOCKET_ERROR) {        printf("shutdown failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());        closesocket(ConnectSocket);        WSACleanup();        return 1;    }    // 接收消息知道对方关闭    do {        iResult = recv(ConnectSocket, recvbuf, recvbuflen, 0);        if ( iResult > 0 )            printf("Bytes received: %d\n", iResult);        else if ( iResult == 0 )            printf("Connection closed\n");        else            printf("recv failed with error: %d\n", WSAGetLastError());    } while( iResult > 0 );    // 关闭套接字，释放资源    closesocket(ConnectSocket);    WSACleanup();    return 0;}

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本文由giantpoplar发表于CSDN

文章地址 http://blog.csdn.net/giantpoplar/article/details/47657317

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