Elasticsearch与MongoDB 数据同步及分布式集群搭建 (一)

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Elasticsearch通过River可以与多种数据源Wikipedia, MongoDB, CouchDB, RabbitMQ, RSS, Sofa, JDBC, FileSystem,Dropbox等同步,公司的业务是用 MongoDB,今天测试环境虚拟机上配置了一下Elasticsearch 与 MongoDB的同步,作个大概的过程记录,主要利用richardwilly98 / elasticsearch-river-mongodb。

River通过读取mongodb的oplog来同步数据,oplog这个表来使集群中的不同机器数据同步的,可以保证es里面的数据和mongodb里面的是一样的,所以Mongdb必须是个集群才能拥有oplog.注意:该插件只支持集群环境下的mongodb,因为集群环境下的mongodb才有oplog这个

Elasticsearch 和 MongoDB需要安装对应的版本才能实现同步,我这里用了最新的Elasticsearch 1.4.2 和 MongoDB 3.0.0,相应的版本要求参考下表

elasticsearch-mongodb

elasticsearch-mongodb

 

MongDB是一个副本集的集群,具体副本集集群的搭建不详细写了,Elasticsearch的安装配置也省略。

1.安装elasticsearch-river-mongodb

1# ./elasticsearch-1.4.4/bin/plugin -install elasticsearch/elasticsearch-mapper-attachments/2.4.1
2 
3# ./elasticsearch-1.4.4/bin/plugin -i com.github.richardwilly98.elasticsearch/elasticsearch-river-mongodb/2.0.5

 

2.建立river

01curl -XPUT"http://10.253.1.70:9200/_river/threads_mongo_river/_meta"</span> -d'
02 
03{
04  "type":"mongodb",
05  "mongodb": {
06    "servers":
07    [
08      {"host":"10.253.1.71","port": 27017}
09    ],
10    "db":"threads",
11    "collection":"threads",
12    "gridfs":false
13  },
14  "index": {
15    "name":"test",
16    "type":"threads"
17  }
18}'

这里只是简单的配置了建立连接的MongoDB以及相应的db,collection对于的elasticsearch index和type,还有详细的配置没有使用到,比如options等,具体根据业务可以配置,下面是一份详细的配置样例:

01$ curl -XPUT "localhost:9200/_river/${es.river.name}/_meta"-d '
02{
03  "type":"mongodb",
04  "mongodb": {
05    "servers":
06    [
07      {"host": ${mongo.instance1.host}, "port": ${mongo.instance1.port} },
08      {"host": ${mongo.instance2.host}, "port": ${mongo.instance2.port} }
09    ],
10    "options": {
11      "secondary_read_preference": true,
12      "drop_collection": ${mongo.drop.collection},
13      "exclude_fields": ${mongo.exclude.fields},
14      "include_fields": ${mongo.include.fields},
15      "include_collection": ${mongo.include.collection},
16      "import_all_collections": ${mongo.import.all.collections},
17      "initial_timestamp": {
18        "script_type": ${mongo.initial.timestamp.script.type},
19        "script": ${mongo.initial.timestamp.script}
20      },
21      "skip_initial_import": ${mongo.skip.initial.import},
22      "store_statistics": ${mongo.store.statistics},
23    },
24    "credentials":
25    [
26      {"db":"local","user": ${mongo.local.user},"password": ${mongo.local.password} },
27      {"db":"admin","user": ${mongo.db.user}, "password": ${mongo.db.password} }
28    ],
29    "db": ${mongo.db.name},
30    "collection": ${mongo.collection.name},
31    "gridfs": ${mongo.is.gridfs.collection},
32    "filter": ${mongo.filter}
33  },
34  "index": {
35    "name": ${es.index.name},
36    "throttle_size": ${es.throttle.size},
37    "bulk_size": ${es.bulk.size},
38    "type": ${es.type.name}
39    "bulk": {
40      "actions": ${es.bulk.actions},
41      "size": ${es.bulk.size},
42      "concurrent_requests": ${es.bulk.concurrent.requests},
43      "flush_interval": ${es.bulk.flush.interval}
44    }
45  }
46}'

一些配置项的解释如下,具体可以查看github的wiki:

  • db为同步的数据库名,
  • host mongodb的ip地址(默认为localhost)
  • port mongodb的端口
  • collection 要同步的表名
  • fields 要同步的字段名(用逗号隔开,默认全部)
  • gridfs 是否是gridfs文件(如果collection是gridfs的话就设置成true)
  • local_db_user local数据库的用户名(没有的话不用写)
  • local_db_password local数据库的密码(没有的话不用写)
  • db_user 要同步的数据库的密码(没有的话不用写)
  • db_password 要同步的数据库的密码(没有的话不用写)
  • name 索引名(不能之前存在)
  • type 类型
  • bulk_size 批量添加的最大数
  • bulk_timeout 批量添加的超时时间

3.测试是否成功
我测试的库中数据较少,所以就直接都查出来看看是否能查出来吧

查看源代码
打印帮助
01$ curl -XGET "http://10.253.1.70:9200/test/threads/_search"-d '
02 
03{
04    "took": 20,
05    "timed_out":false,
06    "_shards": {
07        "total": 5,
08        "successful": 5,
09        "failed": 0
10    },
11    "hits": {
12        "total": 4,
13        "max_score": 1,
14        "hits": [
15            {
16                "_index":"test",
17                "_type":"threads",
18                "_id":"54fa32b22c44cf67cb6a9d1b",
19                "_score": 1,
20                "_source": {
21                    "_id":"54fa32b22c44cf67cb6a9d1b",
22                    "title":"where is my car",
23                    "content":"ask yourself"
24                }
25            },
26            {
27                "_index":"test",
28                "_type":"threads",
29                "_id":"54fa2f5c2c44cf67cb6a9d19",
30                "_score": 1,
31                "_source": {
32                    "_id":"54fa2f5c2c44cf67cb6a9d19",
33                    "title":"this is title",
34                    "content":"what is the fuck"
35                }
36            },
37            {
38                "_index":"test",
39                "_type":"threads",
40                "_id":"54fa2f892c44cf67cb6a9d1a",
41                "_score": 1,
42                "_source": {
43                    "_id":"54fa2f892c44cf67cb6a9d1a",
44                    "title":"are you ok",
45                    "content":"yes,i am ok"
46                }
47            },
48            {
49                "_index":"test",
50                "_type":"threads",
51                "_id":"54fa49ccc104e2264e02deea",
52                "_score": 1,
53                "_source": {
54                    "_id":"54fa49ccc104e2264e02deea",
55                    "title":"hello word",
56                    "content":"hello hello haha"
57                }
58            }
59        ]
60    }
61}

看来数据已经同步过来了,然后在MongoDB 添加一条记录,执行同样的操作查找对于的记录或者 total已经+1那么同步完成了。

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