Python生成验证码

#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding=utf-8
import random
from PIL import Image, ImageDraw, ImageFont, ImageFilter

_letter_cases = "abcdefghjkmnpqrstuvwxy" # 小写字母，去除可能干扰的i，l，o，z
_upper_cases = _letter_cases.upper() # 大写字母
_numbers = ''.join(map(str, range(3, 10))) # 数字
init_chars = ''.join((_letter_cases, _upper_cases, _numbers))

def create_validate_code(size=(145, 33),
                         chars=init_chars,
                         img_type="GIF",
                         mode="RGB",
                         bg_color=(255, 255, 255),
                         fg_color=(0, 0, 255),
                         font_size=18,
                         font_type="/usr/share/fonts/type1/gsfonts/c059013l.pfb",
                         length=4,
                         draw_lines=True,
                         n_line=(1, 2),
                         draw_points=True,
                         point_chance = 2):
    '''
    @todo: 生成验证码图片
    @param size: 图片的大小，格式（宽，高），默认为(120, 30)
    @param chars: 允许的字符集合，格式字符串
    @param img_type: 图片保存的格式，默认为GIF，可选的为GIF，JPEG，TIFF，PNG
    @param mode: 图片模式，默认为RGB
    @param bg_color: 背景颜色，默认为白色
    @param fg_color: 前景色，验证码字符颜色，默认为蓝色#0000FF
    @param font_size: 验证码字体大小
    @param font_type: 验证码字体，默认为 ae_AlArabiya.ttf
    @param length: 验证码字符个数
    @param draw_lines: 是否划干扰线
    @param n_lines: 干扰线的条数范围，格式元组，默认为(1, 2)，只有draw_lines为True时有效
    @param draw_points: 是否画干扰点
    @param point_chance: 干扰点出现的概率，大小范围[0, 100]
    @return: [0]: PIL Image实例
    @return: [1]: 验证码图片中的字符串
    '''

    width, height = size # 宽， 高
    img = Image.new(mode, size, bg_color) # 创建图形
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(img) # 创建画笔

    def get_chars():
        '''生成给定长度的字符串，返回列表格式'''
        return random.sample(chars, length)

    def create_lines():
        '''绘制干扰线'''
        line_num = random.randint(*n_line) # 干扰线条数

        for i in range(line_num):
            # 起始点
            begin = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
            #结束点
            end = (random.randint(0, size[0]), random.randint(0, size[1]))
            draw.line([begin, end], fill=(0, 0, 0))

    def create_points():
        '''绘制干扰点'''
        chance = min(100, max(0, int(point_chance))) # 大小限制在[0, 100]
        
        for w in xrange(width):
            for h in xrange(height):
                tmp = random.randint(0, 100)
                if tmp > 100 - chance:
                    draw.point((w, h), fill=(0, 0, 0))

    def create_strs():
        '''绘制验证码字符'''
        c_chars = get_chars()
        strs = ' %s ' % ' '.join(c_chars) # 每个字符前后以空格隔开
        
        font = ImageFont.truetype(font_type, font_size)
        font_width, font_height = font.getsize(strs)

        draw.text(((width - font_width) / 3, (height - font_height) / 3),
                    strs, font=font, fill=fg_color)
        
        return ''.join(c_chars)

    if draw_lines:
        create_lines()
    if draw_points:
        create_points()
    strs = create_strs()

    # 图形扭曲参数
    params = [1 - float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 100,
              0,
              0,
              0,
              1 - float(random.randint(1, 10)) / 100,
              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500,
              0.001,
              float(random.randint(1, 2)) / 500
              ]
    img = img.transform(size, Image.PERSPECTIVE, params) # 创建扭曲

    img = img.filter(ImageFilter.EDGE_ENHANCE_MORE) # 滤镜，边界加强（阈值更大）

    return img, strs

if __name__ == "__main__":
    code_img = create_validate_code()

    code_img[0].save("validate.gif", "GIF")

在django视图中这样调用

#验证码
def validate(req):
    mstream = StringIO.StringIO()   
    validate_code = create_validate_code()
    img = validate_code[0]
    img.save(mstream, "GIF")
    if req.session.get('validate')!=None:
        del req.session['validate']
    req.session['validate'] = validate_code[1]     
    return HttpResponse(base64.b64encode(mstream.getvalue()))

在jQuery中使用ima标签将验证码显示出来

$.post("/validate/",function(data){
                    $("#indexcode").empty().append("<img id='imValidate' style='  margin-top: -6px;margin-left: -9px;' src='data: image/gif;base64,"+data+"'/>");
                });