iOS的输入事件

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iOS的输入事件触摸事件手势识别手机摇晃一、iOS的输入事件 触摸事件（滑动、点击）运动事件（摇一摇、手机倾斜、行走），不需要人为参与的远程控制事件（耳机控制手机声音）1⃣️iOS事件对象都是UIEvent类的实例UIEvent类对事件类型定义了enum常量：typedef NS_ENUM(NSInteger, UIEventType){     UIEventTypeTouches,     UIEventTypeMotion,     UIEventRemoteControl,};触摸事件必须是继承UIResponser的二、触摸事件1⃣️UIView，有4种处理不同的触摸事件UIView是UIResponder的子类，可以覆盖下列4个方法处理不同的触摸事件。1. 一根或者多根手指开始触摸屏幕- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event2.一根或者多根手指在屏幕上移动（随着手指的移动,会持续调用该方法）- (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event3.一根或者多根手指离开屏幕- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event4.触摸结束前，某个系统事件(例如电话呼入)会打断触摸过程- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event复制代码#pragma mark - UITouch事件#pragma mark 触摸开始- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    NSLog(@"触摸开始");    for (UITouch *touch in touches) {        NSLog(@"%@", touch);    }} #pragma mark 触摸移动- (void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    NSLog(@"触摸移动Touch对象个数：%d",[touches count]);    // 要移动界面上黄颜色的视图        // 1. 得到当前手指的位置    UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];    CGPoint location = [touch locationInView:self.view];    // 2. 得到上一次手指的位置    CGPoint preLocation = [touch previousLocationInView:self.view];    // 3. 计算两个位置之间的偏移    CGPoint offset = CGPointMake(location.x - preLocation.x, location.y - preLocation.y);    // 4. 使用计算出来的偏移量，调整视图的位置    [_demoView setCenter:CGPointMake(_demoView.center.x + offset.x, _demoView.center.y + offset.y)];        // 完整的UITouch事件调试方法    NSLog(@"触摸移动");    for (UITouch *touch in touches) {        NSLog(@"%@", touch);    }} #pragma mark 触摸结束- (void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    // 完整的UITouch事件调试方法    NSLog(@"触摸完成");    for (UITouch *touch in touches) {        NSLog(@"%@", touch);    }} #pragma mark 触摸中断- (void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    // 完整的UITouch事件调试方法    NSLog(@"触摸中断");    for (UITouch *touch in touches) {        NSLog(@"%@", touch);    }}复制代码2⃣️触摸事件的处理如果hit-test视图无法处理事件，则通过响应者链向上传递1.如果hit-test视图的控制器存在，就传递给控制器；如果控制器不存在，则将其传递给它的父视图2.如果视图或它的控制器无法处理收到的事件或消息，则将其传递给该视图的父视图3.每一个在视图继承树中的上层视图如果不能处理收到的事件或消息，则重复上面的步骤1，24.在视图继承树的最上层视图，如果也不能处理收到的事件或消息，则其将事件或消息传递给窗口对象进行处理5. 如果窗口对象也不能进行处理，则其将事件或消息传递给UIApplication对象6.如果UIApplication也不能处理该事件或消息，则将其丢弃当用户点击屏幕时，会产生一个UITouch对象传递给UIApplication，然后由window负责查找最适合相应触摸事件的视图对象（hitTest，pointInside）找到合适的视图之后，Touch方法由对应的视图完成，上级视图不再接管3⃣️不接受处理事件的三种方法不接收用户交互：userInteractionEnabled = NO;隐藏：hidden = YES;透明：alpha = 0~0.01三、手势识别1⃣️iOS目前支持的手势识别（6种）UITapGestureRecognizer(点按)UIPinchGestureRecognizer(捏合)UIPanGestureRecognizer(拖动)UISwipeGestureRecognizer(轻扫)UIRotationGestureRecognizer(旋转)UILongPressGestureRecognizer(长按)2⃣️手势识别的使用方法（4步）通常在视图加载的时候定义（UIGestureRecognizer是抽象类，需要实例化使用）创建手势识别实例设置手势识别属性，例如手指数量，方向等将手势识别附加到指定的视图之上编写手势触发响应方法3⃣️手势识别的状态（7个）   1.  // 没有触摸事件发生，所有手势识别的默认状态    UIGestureRecognizerStatePossible,    // 一个手势已经开始但尚未改变或者完成时    UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan,    // 手势状态改变    UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged,    // 手势完成    UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded,    // 手势取消，恢复至Possible状态    UIGestureRecognizerStateCancelled,     // 手势失败，恢复至Possible状态    UIGestureRecognizerStateFailed,    // 识别到手势识别    UIGestureRecognizerStateRecognized =UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded   2.手势识别的属性state——手势状态view——手势发生视图常用方法locationInView 获得手势发生对应视图所在位置复制代码- (void)viewDidLoad{    [super viewDidLoad];       // 根据实例化方法，我们知道：    // 1.有一个处理消息的对象，应该是self    // 2.我们需要定义一个方法，当手势识别检测到的时候，运行    UITapGestureRecognizer *tap = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tapAction:)];    // setNumberOfTapsRequired 点按次数    [tap setNumberOfTapsRequired:1];    // setNumberOfTouchesRequired 点按的手指数量    [tap setNumberOfTouchesRequired:1];    // 把手势识别增加到视图上    [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:tap];           UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinch = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pinchAction:)];    [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:pinch];           UIRotationGestureRecognizer *rotation = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(rotationAction:)];    [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:rotation];           UIPanGestureRecognizer *pan = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(panAction:)];    [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:pan];           UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPressAction:)];    [self.demoView addGestureRecognizer:longPress];           // 向左扫    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeLeft = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)];    [swipeLeft setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft];    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeLeft];    // 向右扫    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeRight = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)];    [swipeRight setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight];    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeRight];    // 向上扫    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeTop = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)];    [swipeTop setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionUp];    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeTop];    // 向下扫    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeDown = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)];    [swipeDown setDirection:UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown];    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeDown];} - (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning{    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.} #pragma mark - 轻扫手势- (void)swipeAction:(UISwipeGestureRecognizer *)sender{    NSLog(@"%d", sender.direction);    switch (sender.direction) {        case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft:            NSLog(@"向左扫");            break;        case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight:            NSLog(@"向右扫");            break;        case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionUp:            NSLog(@"向上扫");            break;        case UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionDown:            NSLog(@"向下扫");            break;        default:            break;    }} #pragma mark - 长按手势- (void)longPressAction:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer *)sender{    // 我们可以利用demoView的Tag属性，默认时tag=0    // 如果tag=0，我们放大一倍，否则，我们缩小一半    CGFloat scale;    if (_demoView.tag == 0) {        scale = 2.0;        _demoView.tag = 1;    } else {        scale = 0.5;        _demoView.tag = 0;    }        sender.view.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(sender.view.transform, scale, scale);} #pragma mark - 拖放手势- (void)panAction:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)sender{    // 在拖放手势中是需要考虑手指的状态的UIGestureRecognizerState    // 在拖放手势中使用的状态是UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged    // 通常在使用拖放手势的时候，当手指离开的时候，应该做一个很小的动作，提醒用户拖放完成    if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged) {        // locationInView        [_demoView setCenter:[sender locationInView:self.view]];    } else if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded) {        [_demoView setBackgroundColor:[UIColor yellowColor]];    }} #pragma mark - 旋转手势- (void)rotationAction:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer *)sender{    sender.view.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(sender.view.transform, sender.rotation);        // 和捏合操作类似，旋转角度同样需要方福伟    sender.rotation = 0.0f;} #pragma mark - 捏合手势- (void)pinchAction:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)sender{    // 有关转换的内容，我们在后续动画部分再继续    sender.view.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(sender.view.transform, sender.scale, sender.scale);        // 缩放功能很简单，但是不要忘记将比例复位    sender.scale = 1.0f;    NSLog(@"捏我了");} #pragma mark - 点按手势- (void)tapAction:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender{       NSLog(@"点我了 %@", sender);} #pragma mark - 手势触摸事件- (void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    NSLog(@"触摸事件！");    // 1. 先取出UITouch对象    // 2. 判断响应点击的UIView是不是我们需要的    UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject];    if ([touch view] == _imageView) {        NSLog(@"点到图像了!");    }}复制代码四、手机摇晃1. 新建摇晃监听视图ShakeListenerView，并且设置canBecomeFirstResponder返回YES- (BOOL)canBecomeFirstResponder{    return YES;}2. 在Storyboard中将ViewController的View的Class设置为：ShakeListenerView3. 在ViewController.m文件中增加：viewDidAppear和viewDidDisappear在视图出现和消失时成为/撤销第一响应者身份4. 在视图控制器中增加手势监听方法：- (void)motionBegan:(UIEventSubtype)motion withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    if (event.subtype == UIEventSubtypeMotionShake) {        NSLog(@"shake phone");    }}复制代码#pragma mark - 要让ViewController支持摇晃，需要写三个方法// 1. 成为第一响应者，视图一出现时，就应该成为第一响应者- (void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated{    [self.view becomeFirstResponder];    // 不要忘记去实现父类方法    [super viewDidAppear:animated];} // 2. 注销第一响应者，视图要关闭的时候，注销- (void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated{    [self.view resignFirstResponder];    // 不要忘记去实现父类方法    [super viewDidDisappear:animated];} // 3. 监听并处理移动事件，判断是否摇晃了手机- (void)motionBegan:(UIEventSubtype)motion withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    if (motion == UIEventSubtypeMotionShake) {        NSLog(@"摇啊摇，摇到外婆桥！！！");    }}
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