如何实现跨应用绑定Service的通信

在上一篇博文点击打开链接的基础上,我们继续实现通过AIDL绑定外部Service后的通信问题.
需要实现的效果是,在另一个应用的App2Activity2中的EditText中动态的输入内容,然后点击提交后,把数据传递到目标服务AppService中打印.
步骤如下:

1.在上一篇博文的aidl接口文件的基础上,我们需要对其进行修改,加多一个方法用于接收一个String类型的参数.目的是用于建立通信后,发送数据用的.

// IAppServiceInterface.aidlpackage com.example.mchenys.aidlservicedemo;// Declare any non-default types here with import statementsinterface IAppServiceInterface {    /**     * Demonstrates some basic types that you can use as parameters     * and return values in AIDL.     */    void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat,            double aDouble, String aString);    void setData(String data);}

2.需要在App2Activity2所在的工程中,创建一个AIDL文件夹,可以通过Android Studio的向导来创建,然后在里面创建一个包名和目标应用的aidl文件相同的包.并将目标应用的aidl文件拷贝到刚刚创建的包内.

3.修改AppService类:

package com.example.mchenys.aidlservicedemo;import android.app.Service;import android.content.Intent;import android.os.IBinder;import android.os.RemoteException;import android.os.SystemClock;import android.util.Log;public class AppService extends Service {    private String data = "默认数据";    private boolean isRunning = true;    public AppService() {    }    @Override    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {        Log.i("AppService", "onBind");        //通过向导生成了aidl文件后,需要Rebuild Project后,在onBind方法中就可以直接创建IAppServiceInterface.Stub对象了.        return new IAppServiceInterface.Stub() {            @Override            public void basicTypes(int anInt, long aLong, boolean aBoolean, float aFloat, double aDouble, String aString) throws RemoteException {            }            @Override            public void setData(String data) throws RemoteException {                AppService.this.data = data;            }        };    }    @Override    public void onCreate() {        super.onCreate();        Log.i("AppService", "onCreate");        new Thread(new Runnable() {            @Override            public void run() {                while (isRunning) {                    SystemClock.sleep(1000);                    Log.i("AppService", "接收到的数据是:" + data);                }            }        }).start();    }    @Override    public int onStartCommand(Intent intent, int flags, int startId) {        if (null != intent) {            Log.i("AppService", "onStartCommand接收到的数据是:" + intent.getStringExtra("data"));        }        return super.onStartCommand(intent, flags, startId);    }    @Override    public void onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        Log.i("AppService", "onDestroy");        isRunning = false;    }}

4.修改App2Activity2类:

package com.example.mchenys.app2;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.ComponentName;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.ServiceConnection;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.IBinder;import android.os.RemoteException;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.EditText;import com.example.mchenys.aidlservicedemo.IAppServiceInterface;/** * Created by mChenys on 2015/11/1. */public class App2Activity2 extends Activity {    //创建aidl接口引用    private IAppServiceInterface mIAppServiceInterface = null;    //创建ServiceConnection接口的实现类对象,用于监听Service的链接和断开连接    private MyServiceConnection conn = new MyServiceConnection();    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity2_app2);        //创建绑定的目标AppService的显示意图        final Intent intent = new Intent();        intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.example.mchenys.aidlservicedemo", "com.example.mchenys.aidlservicedemo.AppService"));        //绑定服务        findViewById(R.id.id_btn_bind).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                bindService(intent, conn, BIND_AUTO_CREATE);            }        });        //解绑服务        findViewById(R.id.id_btn_unbind).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                unbindService(conn);                mIAppServiceInterface = null;            }        });        //获取EditText中录入的文本        EditText editText = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.id_edt_input);        final String data = editText.getText().toString();        //提交数据        findViewById(R.id.id_btn_submit).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                if (null != mIAppServiceInterface) {                    try {                        //调用aidl接口新定义的方法,动态传递参数                        mIAppServiceInterface.setData(data);                    } catch (RemoteException e) {                        e.printStackTrace();                    }                }            }        });    }    /**     * 创建ServiceConnection接口的实现类     */    private class MyServiceConnection implements ServiceConnection {        @Override        public void onServiceConnected(ComponentName name, IBinder service) {            /**             * 当服务建立连接的时候,就可以在此方法中拿到aidl接口的实现类了,即参数service             * 注意此时不能直接直接对service进行强制类型转换,因为虽然aidl接口的名字是相同,             * 当时他们是存在2个不同的应用中的,我们可以通过Stub类的asInterface方法获取目标             * 应用的aidl接口             */            mIAppServiceInterface = IAppServiceInterface.Stub.asInterface(service);            Log.d("App2Activity2", "目标Service已连接");        }        @Override        public void onServiceDisconnected(ComponentName name) {            Log.d("App2Activity2", "目标Service已断开连接");        }    }    @Override    protected void onDestroy() {        super.onDestroy();        unbindService(conn);        mIAppServiceInterface = null;    }}