iOS UIView动画详解(Swift)

来源:互联网 发布:网络教育托管 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/20 11:36

       现在的iOS开发中,有很多的动画框架可以使用,包括苹果自带的CoreAnimation框架,Facebook的Pop等等,这些的确都是程序员的利器。但是如果我们仅仅是想要实现一些比较简单的动画呢?杀鸡焉用牛刀。我们直接用UIView就可以了。今天我们就来好好聊聊UIView动画,使用Swift编写(大家可以看到我有时候用OC,有时候用Swift,现在的iOS学习的基本技能看着OC代码能写出Swift,照着Swift能写出OC,哈哈)。本示例代码上传至  https://github.com/chenyufeng1991/iOS-UIView-Animation 。

       这里方法的调用中常常会用到Swift中的闭包closure,类似于OC中的块block。我简单解释一下:闭包是作为一个函数的某个参数出现的,但是在这个参数里面可以执行一些语句,执行一定的逻辑。你可以把闭包理解为一个匿名函数。

()->Void:表示参数为空,返回值为Void,必须要实现这个闭包函数;((Bool) -> Void)?:表示参数为Bool类型,返回值为Void,后面的?表示这个闭包函数可以为空;


(1)位置动画

PositionAnimation可以实现View的移动,最简单的就是X轴,Y轴的移动。这里实现几个小方块的移动。

import UIKitclass PositionViewController: UIViewController {      @IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!  @IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!  @IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!    override func viewDidLoad() {    super.viewDidLoad()      }    override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {            //闭包函数的定义;    //注意调用动画的方法中的animations,completion使用的都是闭包函数;可以直接在外面定义,里面调用,这样代码更加清晰;    //这里的闭包需要传入的参数是一个BOOl值;返回值为空;    //这个是动画执行完成后的回调;    func completeGreen(v:Bool){      print("Green Completion")    }        func completeRed(v:Bool){      print("Red Completion")    }        func completeBlue(v:Bool){      print("Blue Completion")    }        //这里的闭包参数为空;    func animGreen(){      self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x    }        func animRed(){      self.redSquare.center.y = self.view.bounds.height - self.redSquare.center.y    }        func animBlue(){      self.blueSquare.center.y = self.view.bounds.height - self.blueSquare.center.y      self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x    }            //参数delay表示延迟,第一个参数表示动画时间;    //注意调用闭包函数;    UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: [], animations: animGreen, completion: completeGreen)    UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0.5, options: [], animations: animRed, completion: completeRed)    UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 1, options: [], animations: animBlue, completion: completeBlue)       }}

(2)透明度动画

透明度动画可以让某个View的透明度在0~1之间改变。透明度为0表示全透明,看不见了。透明度为1表示和正常情况下一样。

import UIKitclass OpacityViewController: UIViewController {    @IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!      override func viewDidLoad() {        super.viewDidLoad()    }      override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {        super.viewDidAppear(animated)              func anim(){            self.greenSquare.alpha = 0.2   //改变透明度到0.2        }        UIView.animateWithDuration(2, animations: anim)//时常为2s;    }  }

(3)缩放动画

缩放动画可以让一个View的大小发生改变,按比例的放大缩小。

import UIKitclass ScaleViewController: UIViewController {        @IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!        override func viewDidLoad() {        super.viewDidLoad()    }        override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {        super.viewDidAppear(animated)                func anim(){            self.greenSquare.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(0.5, 0.5)//缩小为原来的0.5倍;        }        UIView.animateWithDuration(1, animations: anim)    }}

(4)颜色动画

颜色动画可以让一个View在一个时间间隔内发生颜色的渐变,进行颜色的过渡。

import UIKitclass ColorViewController: UIViewController {    @IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!    @IBOutlet weak var swiftText: UILabel!      override func viewDidLoad() {        super.viewDidLoad()    }    override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {        super.viewDidAppear(animated)                func anim(){            self.greenSquare.backgroundColor = UIColor.blackColor()            self.swiftText.textColor = UIColor.blueColor()        }        UIView.animateWithDuration(2, animations: anim)    }  }

(5)旋转动画

可以让某个View绕圆点进行旋转。

import UIKitclass RotationViewController: UIViewController {    @IBOutlet weak var wheel: UIImageView!      override func viewDidLoad() {        super.viewDidLoad()    }        func spin(){        UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: .CurveLinear, animations: {            self.wheel.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(self.wheel.transform, CGFloat(360))//第二个参数是角度;            }) {                //结束后仍旧调用spin()函数;                (finished)-> Void in                self.spin()        }            }//spin()        override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {        super.viewDidAppear(animated)                self.spin()    }}

(6)重复动画

该动画可以让某个动画过程反复执行。

import UIKit//重复动画;class RepeatViewController: UIViewController {    @IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!  @IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!  @IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!    override func viewDidLoad() {    super.viewDidLoad()      }    override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {    super.viewDidAppear(animated);        UIView.animateWithDuration(1) { () -> Void in      self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x    }        UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.Repeat, animations: { () -> Void in      self.redSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.redSquare.center.x;      }, completion: nil)            //注意这里options的表达式;    UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options:[UIViewAnimationOptions.Repeat ,UIViewAnimationOptions.Autoreverse], animations: { () -> Void in      self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x;      }, completion: nil)      }    }

(7)缓冲动画

这里主要使用了beisaier曲线的效果来改变View动画的速率效果。大家可以实践一下。

import UIKitclass EasingViewController: UIViewController {      @IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!  @IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!  @IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!    @IBOutlet weak var yellowSquare: UIView!      override func viewDidLoad() {    super.viewDidLoad()      }    override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {    super.viewDidAppear(animated);        UIView.animateWithDuration(1) { () -> Void in            self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x    }        UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.CurveEaseIn, animations: { () -> Void in      self.redSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.redSquare.center.x      }, completion: nil)        UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.CurveEaseOut, animations: { () -> Void in      self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x      }, completion: nil)        UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.CurveEaseInOut, animations: { () -> Void in      self.yellowSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.yellowSquare.center.x      }, completion: nil)      }  }

(8)弹簧动画

该动画执行过程中类似弹簧的真实效果,你可以设置弹簧的阻尼和初始速度来达到非常逼真的弹簧抖动。

import UIKitclass SpringViewController: UIViewController {    @IBOutlet weak var blueSquare: UIView!  @IBOutlet weak var redSquare: UIView!  @IBOutlet weak var greenSquare: UIView!    override func viewDidLoad() {    super.viewDidLoad()      }      override func viewDidAppear(animated: Bool) {        UIView.animateWithDuration(1) { () -> Void in      self.blueSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.blueSquare.center.x;    }        //第三个参数是阻尼,第四个参数是初始速度;第五个参数是动画类型;    UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, usingSpringWithDamping: 0.2, initialSpringVelocity: 0, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.TransitionNone, animations: { () -> Void in      self.redSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.redSquare.center.x;      }) { (Bool) -> Void in    }        UIView.animateWithDuration(1, delay: 0, usingSpringWithDamping: 0.2, initialSpringVelocity: 1, options: UIViewAnimationOptions.TransitionNone, animations: { () -> Void in      self.greenSquare.center.x = self.view.bounds.width - self.greenSquare.center.x;      }) { (Bool) -> Void in    }      }  }

       这里实现的动画都是非常的简单,大家可以通过下载代码自己尝试一下。后续我会给大家讲解更为高级炫酷的动画。尽请期待。



github主页:https://github.com/chenyufeng1991  。欢迎大家访问!

3 0
原创粉丝点击