Game Of Life

1. 问题背景：Game Of Life

// 英国数学家发明的生命游戏 (Game of Life)
// 使用一个2维数组来实现其规则
// 在这个数组中，每个存储位子都能容纳一个LIFE元胞。世代(gennerations)用于标记时间
// 的流逝。每个世代都会LIFE社会带来生与死。
// 生死规则如下:
// * 定义的元胞都有8个邻居。上下左右，左上左下，右上右下八个方位。
// * 如果一个元胞有一个或零个邻居，会因为孤独而死亡。3个以上的邻居会因为拥挤而死亡。
// * 如果空元胞弟正好有3个邻居，会在空元胞的位子生成一个元胞。
// * 生生死死世代交换。

2. 问题解决策略：

本博客使用Java 搭载Java Swing实现本算法。

3. 软件完成效果如下：

4. 程序代码部分：

     核心代码Game.java

package com.game;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.Random;import javax.swing.JFrame;import com.game.enmu.State;public class Game {private int row;private int column;private int numberRand;private boolean running;private Random rand;private ArrayList<ArrayList<State>> data;private ArrayList<CellStateOfSpecificPlace> back_data;private JFrame parent;private Thread generate;public Game(int row, int column, int numberRand){this.row = row;this.column = column;this.numberRand = numberRand;this.running = true;this.data = new ArrayList<ArrayList<State>>();rand = new Random();back_data = new ArrayList<CellStateOfSpecificPlace>();initinalGame();//runGame();}public Game(int row, int column, int numberRand, GameGUI gameGUI) {this(row, column, numberRand);parent = gameGUI;}/* * initial the game with the specific policy. * */public void initinalGame(){data.clear();for (int rowIndex = 0; rowIndex < row; rowIndex++){ArrayList<State> temp = new ArrayList<State>();for (int columnIndex = 0; columnIndex < column; columnIndex++){temp.add(State.DIE);}data.add(temp);}initialPolicy();}/* * Below code is one kind of initial policy of Game Of Life, which you can  * modified by yourself. * */public void initialPolicy(){int margin = (int)Math.sqrt(numberRand);int rowPlace = rand.nextInt(row - margin - 1) + 1;int columnPlace = rand.nextInt(column - margin - 1) + 1;for (int rowIndex = rowPlace; rowIndex < rowPlace + margin; rowIndex++){for (int columnIndex = columnPlace; columnIndex < columnPlace + margin; columnIndex++){if (rand.nextBoolean()){data.get(rowIndex).set(columnIndex, State.ALIVE);} }}}/* * Below method run the code in a thread named generate. * */public void runGame(){if (false == running){if (generate.isAlive()){generate.interrupt();generate = null;}} else {if (null == generate){generate = new Thread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {while(!Thread.interrupted()){//printGame();try {Thread.sleep(1000);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();Thread.currentThread().stop();}generated();if (null != parent){parent.repaint();}}}});generate.start();}}}/* * generated method to generate the next generation based on current generation. * */private void generated() {int neighbours = 0;State currentCellState = State.DIE;State nextCellState = State.DIE;back_data.clear();for (int rowIndex = 1; rowIndex < row - 1; rowIndex++){for (int columnIndex = 1; columnIndex < column - 1; columnIndex++){neighbours = getNeighborNumbers(rowIndex, columnIndex);currentCellState = data.get(rowIndex).get(columnIndex);nextCellState = nextGenerateState(currentCellState, neighbours);if (nextCellState != currentCellState){back_data.add(new CellStateOfSpecificPlace(rowIndex, columnIndex, nextCellState));}}}for (CellStateOfSpecificPlace item:back_data){data.get(item.getRowIndex()).set(item.getColumnIndex(), item.getState());}}/* * Below method get the cell's neighbor number. * */private int getNeighborNumbers(int rowIndex, int columnIndex){int counter = 0;for (int i = rowIndex - 1; i <= rowIndex + 1; i++){for (int j = columnIndex - 1; j <= columnIndex + 1; j++){if (State.ALIVE == data.get(i).get(j)){counter++;}}}counter += State.ALIVE == data.get(rowIndex).get(columnIndex) ? -1:0;return counter;}/* * below code to debug the state of the game. * */private void printGame(){System.out.println("-------------------");for (ArrayList<State> rowData : data){for (State ColumnData : rowData){System.out.print(ColumnData + " ");}System.out.println();}System.out.println("-------------------");}/* * judge whether the next generation of cell should be alive. * */public State nextGenerateState(State alive, int neighbourNumber) {if (State.ALIVE == alive && (2 == neighbourNumber || 3 == neighbourNumber)){return State.ALIVE;}if (State.DIE == alive && 3 == neighbourNumber){return State.ALIVE;}return State.DIE;}public int getRow() {return row;}public void setRow(int row) {this.row = row;}public int getColumn() {return column;}public ArrayList<ArrayList<State>> getData() {return data;}public boolean isRunning() {return running;}public void setRunning(boolean running) {this.running = running;}public static void main(String[] args){Game game = new Game(15, 15, 25);}}

   辅助类CellStateOfSpecificPlace.java，用于记录上一代发生状态改变的位置：

package com.game;import com.game.enmu.State;public class CellStateOfSpecificPlace {private int rowIndex;private int columnIndex;private State state;public CellStateOfSpecificPlace() {this(0, 0, State.DIE);}public CellStateOfSpecificPlace(int rowIndex, int columnIndex, State state) {super();this.rowIndex = rowIndex;this.columnIndex = columnIndex;this.state = state;}public int getRowIndex() {return rowIndex;}public void setRowIndex(int rowIndex) {this.rowIndex = rowIndex;}public int getColumnIndex() {return columnIndex;}public void setColumnIndex(int columnIndex) {this.columnIndex = columnIndex;}public State getState() {return state;}public void setState(State state) {this.state = state;}}

辅助类State.java，定义Cell的状态的枚举类型，可以用于非界面的控制台打印输出

package com.game.enmu;public enum State {DIE,ALIVE;public String toString(){return name().substring(0, 1);}}

GameBoard.java定义用于在Jswing中显示的包涵game的画图面板

package com.game;import java.awt.BasicStroke;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Graphics;import java.awt.Graphics2D;import javax.swing.JPanel;import com.game.enmu.State;public class GameBoard extends JPanel{/** *  */private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;private Game game;  private int squre;          public GameBoard() {          //this.setBounds(x, y, width, height);      }      public GameBoard(Game game){          this.game = game;      }            public void paint(Graphics g){          Graphics2D gg = (Graphics2D)g;          squre = (this.getWidth() - 50) / Math.max(game.getRow(), game.getColumn());           int x = 25;          int y = 10;          gg.setStroke(new BasicStroke(0.5f, BasicStroke.CAP_ROUND,                   BasicStroke.JOIN_ROUND, 1.0f,new float[]{5f, 5f},0f));          gg.setColor(Color.blue);          for (int i = 0; i < game.getRow(); i++){              for (int j = 0; j < game.getColumn(); j++){                  gg.drawRect(x + j * squre, y + i * squre, squre, squre);              }          }          for (int i = 0; i < game.getRow(); i++){              for (int j = 0; j < game.getColumn(); j++){                  if (State.ALIVE == game.getData().get(i).get(j)){                      gg.setColor(Color.blue);                      gg.fillOval(x + j * squre, y + i * squre, squre, squre);                  } else {                      gg.setColor(Color.WHITE);                      gg.fillOval(x + j * squre, y + i * squre, squre, squre);                  }             }          }                    gg.setStroke(new BasicStroke(5f));          gg.setColor(Color.blue);          gg.drawRect(x - 1, y - 1, squre * game.getColumn() + 2, squre * game.getRow() + 2);          gg.dispose();                }  }

GameGUI.java 定义了软件的整体外观，软件的入口：

package com.game;import java.awt.BorderLayout;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import javax.swing.Box;import javax.swing.JButton;import javax.swing.JFrame;import javax.swing.JPanel;public class GameGUI extends JFrame{/** *  */private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;private JPanel mainframe;      private GameBoard board;      private JPanel control;       private BorderLayout border;      private JButton start;      private JButton stop;    private JButton exit;      private JButton restart;    private int row;      private int column;      private Game game;       private ActionListener actionlistener;public GameGUI(String title, int row, int column){super(title);this.row = row;this.column = column;initial();          setSize(900, 900);          this.setResizable(false);          this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);          setLocationByPlatform(true);          this.setVisible(true);          this.requestFocus(); }private void initial() {createComponent();          layOut();          listener();  }private void createComponent() {mainframe = new JPanel();          control = new JPanel();          border = new BorderLayout();           start = new JButton("Start");            game = new Game(this.row, this.column, 81, this);          board = new GameBoard(game);          stop = new JButton("Stop");        exit = new JButton("Exit");        restart = new JButton("Re-Start");}private void layOut() {this.getContentPane().add(mainframe);           mainframe.setLayout(border);          mainframe.add(board, BorderLayout.CENTER);           mainframe.add(control, BorderLayout.EAST);          Box ve = Box.createVerticalBox();          ve.add(start);          ve.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(50));          stop.setSize(start.getWidth(), start.getHeight());          ve.add(stop);         ve.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(50));        ve.add(exit);        ve.add(Box.createVerticalStrut(50));        ve.add(restart);        control.add(ve);        }private void listener() {        actionlistener = new ActionListener() {               @Override              public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {                  if (((JButton)(e.getSource())).getText().equals("Start")){                      game.setRunning(true);                     game.runGame();                } else if (((JButton)(e.getSource())).getText().equals("Exit")){                      System.exit(0);                  } else if (((JButton)(e.getSource())).getText().equals("Stop")){                  game.setRunning(false);                     game.runGame();                } else if (((JButton)(e.getSource())).getText().equals("Re-Start")){                  game.setRunning(true);                game.initinalGame();                repaint();                    game.runGame();                }            }          };           start.addActionListener(actionlistener);          stop.addActionListener(actionlistener);         restart.addActionListener(actionlistener);         exit.addActionListener(actionlistener);}public static void main(String[] args) {GameGUI game = new GameGUI("Game Of Life", 25, 25);}}

最后一点测试代码，算是TDD（测试驱动开发）：

package com.game.test;import static org.junit.Assert.*;//import org.easymock.EasyMock;import org.junit.After;import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import com.game.Game;import com.game.enmu.State;public class TestGame {private Game mockGame;private Game game;@Beforepublic void setUp() throws Exception {//mockGame = EasyMock.createMock(Game.class);//mockGame.initinalGame();game = new Game(5, 5, 9);}@Afterpublic void tearDown() throws Exception {}@Testpublic void AliveCellMoreThanThreeNeibourShouldBeDie() {State result = game.nextGenerateState(State.ALIVE, 3 + 1);assertEquals(State.DIE, result);}@Testpublic void AliveCellLessThanOneNeibourShouldBeDie() {State result = game.nextGenerateState(State.ALIVE, 1);assertEquals(State.DIE, result);}@Testpublic void AliveCellWithTwoOrThreeNeibourShouldBeAlive() {State result = game.nextGenerateState(State.ALIVE, 2);assertEquals(State.ALIVE, result);result = game.nextGenerateState(State.ALIVE, 3);assertEquals(State.ALIVE, result);}@Testpublic void DieCellWithThreeNeibourShouldBeAlive() {State result = game.nextGenerateState(State.DIE, 3);assertEquals(State.ALIVE, result);}}

     有好久没有写博客了，感谢你的再次惠顾。