树莓派配置usb无线网卡
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树莓派配置usb无线网卡
参考:
http://blog.csdn.net/hw5226349/article/details/37877877
用到的几个指令:
lsusb
iwconfig
iwlist
配置文件:
/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
/etc/network/interfaces
操作步骤:
1、插入usb无线网卡,用lsusb查看
pi@raspberrypi / $ lsusbBus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:9514 Standard Microsystems Corp.Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hubBus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:ec00 Standard Microsystems Corp.pi@raspberrypi / $ lsusbBus 001 Device 002: ID 0424:9514 Standard Microsystems Corp.Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hubBus 001 Device 003: ID 0424:ec00 Standard Microsystems Corp.Bus 001 Device 004: ID 0bda:8176 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. RTL8188CUS 802.11n WLAN Adapter
最后一行是我的无线网卡。
2、用ifconfig或者iwconfig看一下无线接口
pi@raspberrypi / $ ifconfigeth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr b8:27:eb:af:4e:a3 inet addr:192.168.1.100 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:1796 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:1441 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:148587 (145.1 KiB) TX bytes:255477 (249.4 KiB)lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1104 (1.0 KiB) TX bytes:1104 (1.0 KiB)wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr e8:4e:06:32:36:d5 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)pi@raspberrypi / $ iwconfigwlan0 unassociated Nickname:"<WIFI@REALTEK>" Mode:Auto Frequency=2.412 GHz Access Point: Not-Associated Sensitivity:0/0 Retry:off RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off Power Management:off Link Quality:0 Signal level:0 Noise level:0 Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0 Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:0 Missed beacon:0lo no wireless extensions.eth0 no wireless extensions.
3、扫描可用无线网络
注意这里需要root权限
pi@raspberrypi / $ iwlist wlan0 scanwlan0 No scan resultspi@raspberrypi / $ sudo iwlist wlan0 scanwlan0 Scan completed : Cell 01 - Address: 78:A1:06:74:5B:44 ESSID:"DDDDD" Protocol:IEEE 802.11bgn Mode:Master Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1) Encryption key:on Bit Rates:150 Mb/s Extra:wpa_ie=dd160050f20101000050f20401000050f20401000050f202 IE: WPA Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK Extra:rsn_ie=30140100000fac040100000fac040100000fac020000 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: DD8C0050F204104A0001101044000102103B000103104700100000000000001000000078A106745B44102100074D455243555259102300064D57313530521024000431302E3010420007312E312E302E331054000800060050F204000110110018576972656C657373204E20526F75746572204D5731353052100800022288103C0001011049000600372A000120 Quality=77/100 Signal level=47/100 Cell 02 - Address: BC:D1:77:F8:ED:FC ESSID:"DDDDD" Protocol:IEEE 802.11bgn Mode:Master Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1) Encryption key:on Bit Rates:300 Mb/s Extra:wpa_ie=dd160050f20101000050f20401000050f20401000050f202 IE: WPA Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK Extra:rsn_ie=30140100000fac040100000fac040100000fac020000 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK IE: Unknown: DD800050F204104A0001101044000102103B0001031047001000000000000010000000BCD177F8EDFC1021000754502D4C494E4B10230009544C2D57523834354E10240003312E3010420003312E301054000800060050F204000110110018576972656C657373204E20526F757465722057523834354E100800020086103C000101 Quality=100/100 Signal level=60/100 Cell 03 - Address: EC:26:CA:D7:9A:F2 ESSID:"DDDDD" Protocol:IEEE 802.11bgn Mode:Master Frequency:2.412 GHz (Channel 1) Encryption key:on Bit Rates:300 Mb/s Extra:wpa_ie=dd160050f20101000050f20401000050f20401000050f202 IE: WPA Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK Extra:rsn_ie=30140100000fac040100000fac040100000fac020000 IE: IEEE 802.11i/WPA2 Version 1 Group Cipher : CCMP Pairwise Ciphers (1) : CCMP Authentication Suites (1) : PSK Quality=70/100 Signal level=26/100.......
4、产生无线连接需要的配置文件
pi@raspberrypi / $ wpa_passphrase 需要的ssid 相应密码network={ ssid="需要的ssid" #psk="密码" psk=一长串数字}
5、将上面产生的信息填充到配置文件:
/etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
这里需要root权限。
原来配置文件的内容是这样的:
root@raspberrypi:/# cat /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf.orictrl_interface=DIR=/var/run/wpa_supplicant GROUP=netdevupdate_config=1
6、修改/etc/network/interface文件:
需要root权限
root@raspberrypi:/# cat /etc/network/interfacesauto loiface lo inet loopbackauto eth0allow-hotplug eth0iface eth0 inet manualauto wlan0allow-hotplug wlan0iface wlan0 inet dhcpwpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.confauto wlan1allow-hotplug wlan1iface wlan1 inet dhcpwpa-conf /etc/wpa_supplicant/wpa_supplicant.conf
7、启动wlan接口
root@raspberrypi:/# ifup wlan0ifup: interface wlan0 already configured
启动失败,先关闭:
root@raspberrypi:/# ifdown wlan0Internet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.2Copyright 2004-2011 Internet Systems Consortium.All rights reserved.For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/Listening on LPF/wlan0/e8:4e:06:32:36:d5Sending on LPF/wlan0/e8:4e:06:32:36:d5Sending on Socket/fallbackroot@raspberrypi:/# ifconfigeth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr b8:27:eb:af:4e:a3 inet addr:192.168.1.100 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:3713 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:2842 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:312801 (305.4 KiB) TX bytes:486817 (475.4 KiB)lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1104 (1.0 KiB) TX bytes:1104 (1.0 KiB)wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr e8:4e:06:32:36:d5 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B)
再启动:
root@raspberrypi:/# ifup wlan0ioctl[SIOCSIWAP]: Operation not permittedioctl[SIOCSIWENCODEEXT]: Invalid argumentioctl[SIOCSIWENCODEEXT]: Invalid argumentInternet Systems Consortium DHCP Client 4.2.2Copyright 2004-2011 Internet Systems Consortium.All rights reserved.For info, please visit https://www.isc.org/software/dhcp/Listening on LPF/wlan0/e8:4e:06:32:36:d5Sending on LPF/wlan0/e8:4e:06:32:36:d5Sending on Socket/fallbackDHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 8DHCPDISCOVER on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67 interval 8DHCPREQUEST on wlan0 to 255.255.255.255 port 67DHCPOFFER from 192.168.1.1DHCPACK from 192.168.1.1RTNETLINK answers: File existsbound to 192.168.1.101 -- renewal in 2706 seconds.
查看情况:
root@raspberrypi:/# ifconfigeth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr b8:27:eb:af:4e:a3 inet addr:192.168.1.100 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:3798 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:2900 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:321849 (314.3 KiB) TX bytes:497333 (485.6 KiB)lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1 RX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:8 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:1104 (1.0 KiB) TX bytes:1104 (1.0 KiB)wlan0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr e8:4e:06:32:36:d5 inet addr:192.168.1.101 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:15 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:26 errors:0 dropped:1 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:4378 (4.2 KiB) TX bytes:5556 (5.4 KiB)
在电脑上ping这个ip:192.168.1.101,连通。
关于root的用户:
因为操作的时候每次都要sudo,所以就激活了root,具体操作如下:
pi@raspberrypi / $ sudo passwd rootEnter new UNIX password:Retype new UNIX password:passwd: password updated successfullypi@raspberrypi / $pi@raspberrypi / $pi@raspberrypi / $pi@raspberrypi / $ suPassword:root@raspberrypi:/#
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