虚拟机Linux下Oracle11g客户端安装

来源：互联网发布：软件复杂性编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/06 17:55

服务器：Windows Server 2008

Oracle数据库版本：Oracle11g

本机系统：Winows 7专业版

虚拟机：VMware Workstation

虚拟机系统：CentOs-6.2

step0: 软件下载

网址：http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/topics/linuxx86-64soft-092277.html

分别下载三个文件：

（1）instantclient-basic-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip (60,704,657 bytes) (cksum - 41267059)

（2）instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip (834,491 bytes) (cksum - 2262912957)

（3）instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.4.0.zip (643,089 bytes) (cksum - 3927039586)

或者

（1）oracle-instantclient11.2-basic-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm (59,865,008 bytes) (cksum - 526022028)

（2）oracle-instantclient11.2-sqlplus-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm (828,333 bytes) (cksum - 955935608)

（3）oracle-instantclient11.2-devel-11.2.0.4.0-1.x86_64.rpm (610,222 bytes) (cksum - 2481040260)

step1: 创建3个客户端安装目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/lib

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/sdk

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir -p /opt/oracle/network/admin

注：创建三个客户端的安装目录,这三个目录可以自定义，但配置环境变量时，需要一致

step2: 文件解压

[root@localhost Downloads]# unzip instantclient-sqlplus-linux.x64-11.2.0.3.0.zip

（注1：这两个文件都会默认的解压到同一个目录instantclient_11_2下面。）

[root@localhost Downloads]# cp -Rf instantclient_11_2/* /opt/oracle/lib/ #将目录下的所有文件拷贝到/opt/oracle/lib/

[root@localhost Downloads]# unzip instantclient-sdk-linux.x64-11.2.0.3.0

（注2：这个文件也会默认的解压到同一个目录instantclient_11_2下面，且解压后的文件都在sdk目录下。）

[root@localhost instantclient_11_2]# cp -Rf sdk/* /opt/oracle/sdk/ #将目录下的所有文件拷贝到/opt/oracle/sdk/

step3: 配置环境变量

[root@localhost Downloads]vim /etc/profile #注意，这是针对所有用户的环境变量，如果你想局限某用户，只能配置用户的配置文件了。

末尾加入：

export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle

export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/oracle/lib

保存并退出。然后，

[root@localhost tmp]# source /etc/profile #使配置文件立刻生效

[root@localhost tmp]# echo $ORACLE_HOME #查看一下配置的环境变量是否成功

/opt/oracle

step4: 配置监听器和网络环境

因为本地没有安装oracle数据库，所以需要从安装oracle 数据库的目录取三个文件过来。一般位于Oracle数据库服务端，路径位于：

*:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN

三个文件名分别为：listener.ora，sqlnet.ora，tnsnames.ora

将其放置在：/opt/oracle/network/admin

[root@localhost admin]# pwd

/opt/oracle/network/admin

[root@localhost admin]# ls

listener.ora sqlnet.ora tnsnames.ora //就这三个文件，放到这个目录下

step5: 修改step4中的三个文件

原文件格式如下：

[root@localhost admin]#vim listener.ora ########### 原文件A

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)

(PROGRAM = extproc)

(ENVS = "EXTPROC_DLLS=ONLY:E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\bin\oraclr11.dll")

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = WIN-V1FEBFA7UA0)(PORT = 1521))

)

ADR_BASE_LISTENER = E:\app\Administrator

[root@localhost admin]#vim sqlnet.ora ########### 原文件B

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to

# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native

# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

[root@localhost admin]#vim tnsnames.ora ########### 原文件C

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.194.224.110)(PORT = 1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

修改后的文件如下：

[root@localhost admin]#vim listener.ora ########### 原文件A

# listener.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

(SID_LIST =

(SID_DESC =

(SID_NAME = CLRExtProc)

(ORACLE_HOME = \opt\oracle) ## 改动1：改为了刚才配置的$ORACLE_HOME

(PROGRAM = extproc)

) ##改动2：删除的无关部分

)

LISTENER =

(DESCRIPTION_LIST =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.194.224.110)(PORT = 1521))

#10.194.224.110 IP地址,端口号：1521

)

) ## 改动3：删除的无关部分

[root@localhost admin]#vim sqlnet.ora ########### 原文件B（无需改动）

# sqlnet.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

# This file is actually generated by netca. But if customers choose to

# install "Software Only", this file wont exist and without the native

# authentication, they will not be able to connect to the database on NT.

SQLNET.AUTHENTICATION_SERVICES= (NTS)

NAMES.DIRECTORY_PATH= (TNSNAMES, EZCONNECT)

[root@localhost admin]#vim tnsnames.ora ########### 原文件C

# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: E:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN\tnsnames.ora

# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

ORCL =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 10.194.224.110)(PORT = 1521))

//注释：10.194.224.110 IP地址,端口号：1521

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SERVER = DEDICATED)

(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)

)

## 改动4：以下语句到末尾，语句为新增。

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =

(DESCRIPTION =

(ADDRESS_LIST =

(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))

)

(CONNECT_DATA =

(SID = PLSExtProc)

(PRESENTATION = RO)

)

step6：测试。

[root@localhost lib]# ./sqlplus

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Mon Dec 21 00:47:49 2015

Enter user-name: yuanmin

Enter password:

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, Oracle Label Security, OLAP, Data Mining,

Oracle Database Vault and Real Application Testing options……

调用成功！

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