MapReduce-定制Partitioner-求文件奇偶数行之和

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这篇博客说明Partioner定制的问题,partion发生在map阶段的最后,会先调用job.setPartitionerClass对这个List进行分区,每个分区映射到一个reducer。每个分区内又调用job.setSortComparatorClass设置的key比较函数类排序。前面的几篇博客的实例都是用的一个reducer,这个实例的完成将使用二个reducer的情况,至于多reducer的测试将在全局排序的实例中演示。
下面是本篇博客的实例的需求:
测试数据:
324
654
23
34
78
2
756
134
32
需求:求出数据的奇数行和偶数行之和
这里主要是用到定制partitioner,以下是如何自定义分区函数类。
只要继承Partitioner<T,T> 
public class MyPartitioner extends Partitioner<T,T>
然后去实现其中的getPartition()方法就行了,在其中完成分区的逻辑以及一些对于需求的对象key-value对的修改
下面为实现代码:

自定义partitioner:

import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Partitioner;public class MyPartitioner extends Partitioner<LongWritable, IntWritable> {@Overridepublic int getPartition(LongWritable key, IntWritable value, int arg2) {/** * 根据行号进行分区,把行号为的偶数的分区到0号reduce * 把行号为奇数的分区到1号reduce,并把key的值设置为0或1 * 目的是为了在进入reduce时奇数和偶数能被分别放到同一个 * 迭代器中以便求和操作 */if( key.get() % 2 == 0) {key.set(0);return 0;} else {key.set(1);return 1;}}}
map阶段:

import java.io.IOException;import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Mapper;public class MyMapper extends Mapper<LongWritable, Text, LongWritable, IntWritable> {private long lineNum = 0;private LongWritable okey = new LongWritable();@Overrideprotected void map(LongWritable key, Text value, Context context)throws IOException, InterruptedException {lineNum ++;okey.set(lineNum);/** * 输出行号作为key,并把行的值作为value,这里只是简单的说明的patitioner的定制 * 不考虑多mapper情况下行号控制,这里只关注partitioner的使用就行 */context.write(okey, new IntWritable(Integer.parseInt(value.toString())));}}
reduce阶段:

import java.io.IOException;import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Reducer;public class MyReducer extends Reducer<LongWritable, IntWritable, Text, IntWritable> {@Overrideprotected void reduce(LongWritable key, Iterable<IntWritable> value, Context context)throws IOException, InterruptedException {int sum = 0;for( IntWritable val : value) {sum += val.get();}if( key.get() == 0 ) {context.write(new Text("偶数行之和为:"), new IntWritable(sum));} else if ( key.get() == 1) {context.write(new Text("奇数行之和为:"), new IntWritable(sum));}}}
启动函数:

import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;import org.apache.hadoop.fs.FileSystem;import org.apache.hadoop.fs.Path;import org.apache.hadoop.io.IntWritable;import org.apache.hadoop.io.LongWritable;import org.apache.hadoop.io.Text;import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.Job;import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.input.FileInputFormat;import org.apache.hadoop.mapreduce.lib.output.FileOutputFormat;public class JobMain {public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {Configuration configuration = new Configuration();Job job = new Job(configuration, "partitioner-job");job.setJarByClass(JobMain.class);job.setMapperClass(MyMapper.class);job.setMapOutputKeyClass(LongWritable.class);job.setMapOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);//设置自定义的Partitioner对map输出进行分区job.setPartitionerClass(MyPartitioner.class);job.setReducerClass(MyReducer.class);job.setOutputKeyClass(Text.class);job.setOutputValueClass(IntWritable.class);//设置job的reducer的个数为2job.setNumReduceTasks(2);FileInputFormat.addInputPath(job, new Path(args[0]));Path outputDir = new Path(args[1]);FileSystem fs = FileSystem.get(configuration);if( fs.exists(outputDir)) {fs.delete(outputDir ,true);}FileOutputFormat.setOutputPath(job, outputDir);System.exit(job.waitForCompletion(true) ? 0: 1);}}
运行结果:


结论:
为了说明某一个知识点的作用,博客都是以尽可以只涉及要讲的点的运行,到后面会有一些综合一点的,一些点结合起来的例子,mapreduce框架很灵活,可以定制的功能也很多,后面会一一的说明,比如自定义InputFormat、RecordReader、OutputFormat、RecordWriter,后面还会说明难一点的实例--使用mapreduce处理xml以及json格式的文件来分别说明这些扩展点。对于大文件被分成多个spilt而用多个map计算奇偶数行之和,参见《MapReduce-定制Partitioner-使用NLineInputFormat处理大文件-求文件奇偶数行之和》
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