良好的异常展现界面<500.jsp>

来源：互联网发布：安卓新闻推荐知乎编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/01 22:09

Web编程中，时常会出现后台报错的现象；原始界面，通常是这样展现异常的：

那么，如何才能自定义一个更加良好的界面，人性化，用户体验好的界面，就值得探索；本Demo实现的界面图是这样的：

以下是代码轰炸

1.web.xml配置

<error-page>    <error-code>500</error-code>    <location>/jsp/error/500.jsp</location>  </error-page>

2.500.jsp

<%response.setStatus(500);// 获取异常类Throwable ex = Exceptions.getThrowable(request);// 编译错误信息StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("错误信息：\n");if (ex != null) {    sb.append(Exceptions.getStackTraceAsString(ex));} else {    sb.append("未知错误.\n\n");}// 如果是异步请求，则直接返回信息if (Servlets.isAjaxRequest(request)) {    out.print(sb);}// 输出异常信息页面else {%><%@page import="com.util.Servlets"%><%@page import="com.util.Exceptions"%><%@page import="com.util.StringUtil"%><%@page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" isErrorPage="true"%><!DOCTYPE html><html><head>    <title>500 - 系统内部错误</title>    <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery.js"></script>    <!-- bootstrap需要引入的js和css文件 -->    <link href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/bootstrap/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet">    <link href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/bootstrap/css/bootstrap-theme.css" rel="stylesheet">    <script src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/bootstrap/js/bootstrap.js"></script>    <script language="javascript">if(typeof jQuery == 'undefined'){ window.alert("没有jquery");}</script>    <script type="text/javascript">    function change(value){        if(value == '1'){            $(".errorMessage").css("display", "none");            $(".errorMessage2").css("display", "block");        }else{            $(".errorMessage").css("display", "block");            $(".errorMessage2").css("display", "none");        }    };    </script></head><body>    <div class="container-fluid">        <div class="page-header"><h1>系统内部错误.</h1></div>        <div class="errorMessage">            错误信息：<%=ex==null?"未知错误.":StringUtil.toHtml(ex.getMessage())%> <br/> <br/>            请点击“查看详细信息”按钮，将详细错误信息发送给系统管理员，谢谢！<br/> <br/>            <a href="javascript:" onclick="history.go(-1);" class="btn">返回上一页</a> &nbsp;            <a href="javascript:" onclick="change('1');" class="btn">查看详细信息</a>        </div>        <div class="errorMessage2" style="display: none;">            <%=StringUtil.toHtml(sb.toString())%> <br/>            <a href="javascript:" onclick="history.go(-1);" class="btn">返回上一页</a> &nbsp;            <a href="javascript:" onclick="change('2');" class="btn">隐藏详细信息</a>            <br/> <br/>        </div>    </div></body></html><%} out = pageContext.pushBody();%>

3.功能类，如Exceptions, StringUtil, Servlets

Exceptions.java

import java.io.PrintWriter;import java.io.StringWriter;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;/** * 关于异常的工具类. */public class Exceptions {    /**     * 将CheckedException转换为UncheckedException.     */    public static RuntimeException unchecked(Exception e) {        if (e instanceof RuntimeException) {            return (RuntimeException) e;        } else {            return new RuntimeException(e);        }    }    /**     * 将ErrorStack转化为String.     */    public static String getStackTraceAsString(Throwable e) {        if (e == null){            return "";        }        StringWriter stringWriter = new StringWriter();        e.printStackTrace(new PrintWriter(stringWriter));        return stringWriter.toString();    }    /**     * 判断异常是否由某些底层的异常引起.     */    public static boolean isCausedBy(Exception ex, Class<? extends Exception>... causeExceptionClasses) {        Throwable cause = ex.getCause();        while (cause != null) {            for (Class<? extends Exception> causeClass : causeExceptionClasses) {                if (causeClass.isInstance(cause)) {                    return true;                }            }            cause = cause.getCause();        }        return false;    }    /**     * 在request中获取异常类     * @param request     * @return      */    public static Throwable getThrowable(HttpServletRequest request){        Throwable ex = null;        if (request.getAttribute("exception") != null) {            ex = (Throwable) request.getAttribute("exception");        } else if (request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception") != null) {            ex = (Throwable) request.getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.exception");        }        return ex;    }}

StringUtil.java

public class StringUtil {    /**     * 替换为手机识别的HTML，去掉样式及属性，保留回车。     * @param txt     * @return     */    public static String toHtml(String txt){        if (txt == null){            return "";        }        return org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils.replace(                org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils.replace(StringEscapeUtils.escapeHtml4(txt), "\n", "<br/>"),                 "\t", "&nbsp; &nbsp; ");    }}

Servlets.java

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;public class Servlets {    /**     * 是否是Ajax异步请求     * @param request     */    public static boolean isAjaxRequest(HttpServletRequest request){        String accept = request.getHeader("accept");        String xRequestedWith = request.getHeader("X-Requested-With");        // 如果是异步请求，则直接返回信息        return ((accept != null && accept.indexOf("application/json") != -1 )            || (xRequestedWith != null && xRequestedWith.indexOf("XMLHttpRequest") != -1));    }}

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