Android 5.0 禁止使用隐式Intent来启动Service.异常:service intent must be explicit

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Android 5.0 禁止使用隐式Intent来启动Service.异常:service intent must be explicit


     最近运行了一下我以前做的一个启动service的demo程序,发现!不!好!用!了!看了一下Log异常:service intent must be explicit.什么鬼?什么鬼?什么鬼!上网查了一下,原来从Android 5.0 开始,google出于安全的角度禁止了隐式声明Intent来启动Service.也禁止使用Intent filter.否则就会抛这个个异常出来. 

    

问题分析

首先比对Android 4.4 与 Android 5.0 的区别:


     Android 4.4:链接:(/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ContextImpl.java

    private void validateServiceIntent(Intent service) {          if (service.getComponent() == null && service.getPackage() == null) {              if (true || getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion >= Build.VERSION_CODES.KITKAT) {                  Log.w(TAG, "Implicit intents with startService are not safe: " + service                          + " " + Debug.getCallers(2, 3));                  //IllegalArgumentException ex = new IllegalArgumentException(                  //        "Service Intent must be explicit: " + service);                  //Log.e(TAG, "This will become an error", ex);                  //throw ex;              }          }      }  

     Android 5.0:链接:(/frameworks/base/core/java/android/app/ContextImpl.java

    private void validateServiceIntent(Intent service) {          if (service.getComponent() == null && service.getPackage() == null) {              if (getApplicationInfo().targetSdkVersion >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {                  IllegalArgumentException ex = new IllegalArgumentException(                          "Service Intent must be explicit: " + service);                  throw ex;              } else {                  Log.w(TAG, "Implicit intents with startService are not safe: " + service                          + " " + Debug.getCallers(2, 3));              }          }      }  
     也就是说在5.0里面,如果targetSdkVersion>=LOLLIPOP 就会报异常:“service intent must be explicit”,这就说明1.targetSdkVersion>=LOLLIPOP 2.手机系统为5.0以上版本 3.程序采用隐式Intent调用Service,这三个条件是问题发生的充分必要条件。

     另外一点值得注意的是:盲目将程序targetSdkVersion提高容易导致用户手中的软件无法再升级(因为版本的升级功能通常是采用Service的方式)。


解决方案     参考博文:http://blog.csdn.net/vrix/article/details/45289207

方案一:设置Action和packageName(google官方建议):

    Intent mIntent = new Intent();    mIntent.setAction("XXX.XXX.XXX");    mIntent.setPackage(getPackageName());    context.startService(mIntent);

方案二:将隐式启动转换为显示启动

实现转换函数:(参考:http://developer.android.com/goo ... tml#billing-service

    public static Intent getExplicitIntent(Context context, Intent implicitIntent) {            // Retrieve all services that can match the given intent            PackageManager pm = context.getPackageManager();            List<ResolveInfo> resolveInfo = pm.queryIntentServices(implicitIntent, 0);            // Make sure only one match was found            if (resolveInfo == null || resolveInfo.size() != 1) {                return null;            }            // Get component info and create ComponentName            ResolveInfo serviceInfo = resolveInfo.get(0);            String packageName = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.packageName;            String className = serviceInfo.serviceInfo.name;            ComponentName component = new ComponentName(packageName, className);            // Create a new intent. Use the old one for extras and such reuse            Intent explicitIntent = new Intent(implicitIntent);            // Set the component to be explicit            explicitIntent.setComponent(component);            return explicitIntent;        }
调用函数:

    Intent mIntent = new Intent();    mIntent.setAction("XXX.XXX.XXX");    Intent eintent = new Intent(getExplicitIntent(mContext,mIntent));    context.startService(eintent);


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