Django URL 分发

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- url => views函数调用(位置参数)

urlpatterns = [
url(r'^articles/2003/$', views.special_case_2003),
url(r'^articles/([0-9]{4})/$', views.year_archive),
url(r'^articles/([0-9]{4})/([0-9]{2})/$', views.month_archive),
url(r'^articles/([0-9]{4})/([0-9]{2})/([0-9]+)/$', views.article_detail),
]

/articles/2005/03/ => views.month_archive(request, '2005', '03')
/articles/2005/3/ => error: 需要匹配两位整数
/articles/2003/ => views.special_case_2003(request)
/articles/2003 => error: 需要以/结束
/articles/2003/03/03/ => views.article_detail(request, '2003', '03', '03')

- url => views函数调用(命名参数 (?P<name>pattern))

urlpatterns = [
url(r'^articles/2003/$', views.special_case_2003),
url(r'^articles/(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/$', views.year_archive),
url(r'^articles/(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/(?P<month>[0-9]{2})/$', views.month_archive),
url(r'^articles/(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/(?P<month>[0-9]{2})/(?P<day>[0-9]{2})/$', views.article_detail),
]

/articles/2005/03/ => views.month_archive(request, year='2005', month='03')
/articles/2003/03/03/ => views.article_detail(request, year='2003', month='03', day='03')

- url中所有捕获的参数以string形式传递

- 在view中为url设置默认参数
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^blog/$', views.page),
url(r'^blog/page(?P<num>[0-9]+)/$', views.page),
]

# blog/views.py
def page(request, num="1"): # 为第一个匹配模式设置默认值

- 传递额外参数到view函数
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^blog/(?P<year>[0-9]{4})/$', views.year_archive, {'foo': 'bar'}),
]

/blog/2005/ => views.year_archive(request, year='2005', foo='bar')

- Django快捷函数
render(request, template_name, context=None, context_instance=_context_instance_undefined, content_type=None,
status=None, current_app=_current_app_undefined, dirs=_dirs_undefined, using=None)

render_to_response(template_name, context=None, context_instance=_context_instance_undefined, content_type=None,
status=None, dirs=_dirs_undefined, using=None)

redirect(to, permanent=False, *args, **kwargs)

get_object_or_404(klass, *args, **kwargs)

get_list_or_404(klass, *args, **kwargs)

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