关于网络

来源：互联网发布：神漫画软件下载编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/05 05:27

HTTP 请求的常见方法

GET
- 所有参数拼接在URL后面，并且参数之间用&隔开
  - 比如http://192.168.1.123?name=123&pwd=123
  - 传递了两个参数给服务器
    - name参数 :123
    - pwd 参数 :123
- 没有请求体
- 一般用来查询数据
POST
- 所有参数都在‘请求体’
- 一般用来修改，增加，删除数据

HTTP 请求的常见方法

使用NSURLConnection发送HTTP请求

    //1、创建URL，访问网络资源的唯一地址    NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://192.168.1.123/demo.json"];    //2、创建网络请求    /*     cachePolicy 缓存策略     NSURLRequestUseProtocolCachePolicy = 0, //自动缓存策略     NSURLRequestReloadIgnoringLocalCacheData = 1, //每次都请求网络，无论本地是否存在缓存     NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataElseLoad = 2,//如果有缓存返回缓存，没有就加载网络     NSURLRequestReturnCacheDataDontLoad = 3,//如果有缓存返回缓存，没有也不加载网络     timeoutInterval 请求超时 默认超时时间是60 一般设置 10 - 20s     *///    NSURLRequest * request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];    NSURLRequest * request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:0 timeoutInterval:15];    //3、建立连接    //sendAsynchronousRequest 建立异步网络连接    //queue  可以传主队列，或全局队列    //[NSOperationQueue mainQueue]   不用调到主队列直接更新    //[[NSOperationQueue alloc] init]  则需要调回主线程更新UI    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[[NSOperationQueue alloc] init] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSData * _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {        //response 服务器响应信息，一般下载时有用        //data  服务器返回的数据        //connectionError 网络请求错误        //服务器与客户端是以二进制流通讯的//        NSLog(@"%@",data);//        //        [data writeToFile:@"/Users/dahuan/Desktop/test" atomically:YES];        NSLog(@"%@",[NSThread currentThread]);//        if (connectionError) {//            //            NSLog(@"错误信息：%@",connectionError);//            //        } else {//            //            NSLog(@"响应信息：%@",response);//            //            NSString * string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];//            //            NSLog(@"%@",string);//            //            [self.webView loadHTMLString:string baseURL:nil];//        }////        [[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] addOperationWithBlock:^{//            //更新UI//        }];

同步网络请求
- 源代码

- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.    NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://192.168.1.123/demo.json"];    NSURLRequest * request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];    //同步网络请求    NSURLResponse * response = nil;    NSError * error = nil;    NSData * data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:&response error:&error];    NSString * string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    NSLog(@"%@",string);    NSLog(@"%@",response);}

异步网络

@interface ViewController ()<NSURLConnectionDataDelegate>@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableData * data;@end@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.    self.data = [NSMutableData data];    NSString * urlString = @"http://192.168.1.123/把悲伤留给自己.mp3";    //如果接口中有中文    urlString = [urlString stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];    NSURLRequest * request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];    NSURLConnection * connect = [NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self];    //开启网络连接    [connect start];}//服务器返回响应信息- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {    NSLog(@"%@",response);}//接受数据（多次调用）- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data {    [self.data appendData:data];    NSLog(@"%@",data);}//请求完成- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection{    [self.data writeToFile:@"/Users/dahuan/Desktop/aaaaa.mp3" atomically:YES];    NSLog(@"网络请求完成");}

NSURLConnectionURLDelegate

#import "ViewController.h"@interface ViewController ()<NSURLConnectionDataDelegate>@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableData * data;@end@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.    self.data = [NSMutableData data];    NSString * urlString = @"http://192.168.1.123/把悲伤留给自己.mp3";    //如果接口中有中文    urlString = [urlString stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];    NSURLRequest * request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];    NSURLConnection * connect = [NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self];    //开启网络连接    [connect start];}//服务器返回响应信息- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {    NSLog(@"%@",response);}//接受数据（多次调用）- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data {    [self.data appendData:data];    NSLog(@"%@",data);}//请求完成- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection{    [self.data writeToFile:@"/Users/dahuan/Desktop/aaaaa.mp3" atomically:YES];    NSLog(@"网络请求完成");}- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.}

#import "ViewController.h"@interface ViewController ()<NSURLConnectionDataDelegate>@property (nonatomic, strong) NSMutableData * data;@end@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.    self.data = [NSMutableData data];    NSString * urlString = @"http://192.168.1.123/把悲伤留给自己.mp3";    //如果接口中有中文    urlString = [urlString stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];    NSURLRequest * request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];    NSURLConnection * connect = [NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self];    //开启网络连接    [connect start];}//服务器返回响应信息- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response {    NSLog(@"%@",response);}//接受数据（多次调用）- (void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data {    [self.data appendData:data];    NSLog(@"%@",data);}//请求完成- (void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection{    [self.data writeToFile:@"/Users/dahuan/Desktop/aaaaa.mp3" atomically:YES];    NSLog(@"网络请求完成");}- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.}

/* 网络请求默认是get 网络请求有很多种：GET查  POST改  PUT增  DELETE删 HEAD 在平时开发中主要用的 是 get 和 post. get 获得数据 （获取用户信息） get 请求是没有长度限制的，真正的长度限制是浏览器做的，限制长度一般2k get 请求是有缓存的,get 有幂等的算法 get  http://localhost/login.php?username=dahuan&password=123 请求参数暴露在url里 get请求参数格式： ？后是请求参数 参数名 = 参数值   & 连接两个参数的 post 添加，修改数据 （上传或修改用户信息） post 请求是没有缓存的 http://localhost/login.php post 也没有长度限制，一般控制2M以内 post 请求参数不会暴漏在外面 ，不会暴漏敏感信息 请求是有：请求头header，请求体boby（post参数是放在请求体里的） */#import "ViewController.h"@interface ViewController ()@end@implementation ViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.//    http://192.168.1.123/login.php?username=dahuan&password=123    NSString * username = @"dahuan";    NSString * pwd = @"123";    //使用GET请求    //获取接口    NSString * urlString = @"http://127.0.0.1/login.php";    //中文转码    urlString = [urlString stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];    //可变请求    NSMutableURLRequest * request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:0 timeoutInterval:10];    //设置传输方式    request.HTTPMethod = @"POST";    NSString * bodyString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"username=%@&password=%@",username,pwd];    //设置请求体    request.HTTPBody = [bodyString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSData * _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {        NSString * string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];        NSLog(@"%@",string);    }];}- (void)getRequest {    NSString * username = @"haha";    NSString * pwd = @"123";    //使用GET请求    //获取接口    NSString * urlString = @"http://192.168.1.123/login.php";    //拼接参数    urlString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@?username=%@&password=%@",urlString,username,pwd];    //中文转码    urlString = [urlString stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];    NSURLRequest * request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:0 timeoutInterval:10];    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSData * _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {        NSString * string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];        NSLog(@"%@",string);    }];}

GET/POST

代码
- - `

import “ViewController.h”

@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

(void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

// http://192.168.1.123/login.php?username=dahuan&password=123

NSString * username = @"dahuan";NSString * pwd = @"123";//使用GET请求//获取接口NSString * urlString = @"http://127.0.0.1/login.php";//中文转码urlString = [urlString stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];//可变请求NSMutableURLRequest * request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:0 timeoutInterval:10];//设置传输方式request.HTTPMethod = @"POST";NSString * bodyString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"username=%@&password=%@",username,pwd];//设置请求体request.HTTPBody = [bodyString dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSData * _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {    NSString * string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    NSLog(@"%@",string);}];

}

(void)getRequest {
NSString * username = @”haha”;
NSString * pwd = @”123”;
//使用GET请求
//获取接口
NSString * urlString = @”http://192.168.1.123/login.php“;
//拼接参数
urlString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@”%@?username=%@&password=%@”,urlString,username,pwd];
//中文转码
urlString = [urlString stringByAddingPercentEscapesUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlString];
NSURLRequest * request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url cachePolicy:0 timeoutInterval:10];
[NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSData * _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {
```
NSString * string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];NSLog(@"%@",string);
```
}];
}`

static NSString * identifier = @"cellID";@interface ViewController ()<UITableViewDataSource,UITableViewDelegate>@property (nonatomic, strong) UITableView * tableView;@property (nonatomic, strong) NSArray * dataList;@end@implementation ViewController- (UITableView *)tableView {    if (!_tableView) {        _tableView = [[UITableView alloc] initWithFrame:self.view.bounds style:UITableViewStylePlain];        _tableView.dataSource = self;        _tableView.delegate = self;        [_tableView registerClass:[UITableViewCell class] forCellReuseIdentifier:identifier];    }    return _tableView;}- (NSInteger)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView numberOfRowsInSection:(NSInteger)section {    return self.dataList.count;}- (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {    UITableViewCell * cell = [tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:identifier];    cell.textLabel.text = [self.dataList[indexPath.row] province_name];    return cell;}- (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath {//    SXTCity * city = self.dataList[indexPath.row];    NSDictionary * dict = @{@"city":@"北京",                            @"province":@"地球"};    //字典转JSON//    NSData * data = [NSJSONSerialization dataWithJSONObject:dict options:0 error:NULL];    NSData * data = [dict JSONData];    NSString * string = [[NSString alloc] initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    NSLog(@"%@",string);}- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.    /*     JSON是一个特殊的字符串，用于数据传输     JSON 用于90%以上的app     http://192.168.1.123/city.json     JSON在线格式化     */    [self.view addSubview:self.tableView];    [self loadData];}- (void)loadData {    NSURL * url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://192.168.1.123/city.json"];    NSURLRequest * request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[NSOperationQueue mainQueue] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSData * _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {        if (connectionError) {            NSLog(@"请求错误：%@",connectionError);        } else {            //json 数据解析            // NSJSONSerialization iOS6之后出现的,json解析可能出错            // 古老的JSON  SBJSON JSONKit            //Data 要解析的数据            //options//            NSJSONReadingMutableContainers = (1UL << 0), 所有节点可变//            NSJSONReadingMutableLeaves = (1UL << 1),叶子节点可变//            NSJSONReadingAllowFragments = (1UL << 2) 根节点可变            //根节点NSDictionary,NSArray            //原生的//            NSDictionary * JSON = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:data options:NSJSONReadingMutableContainers error:NULL];            //JSONKit            NSDictionary * JSON = [data objectFromJSONData];            NSArray * citys = JSON[@"city"];            NSMutableArray * cityList = [NSMutableArray array];            //遍历所有城市节点            for (NSDictionary * dict in citys) {                SXTCity * city = [[SXTCity alloc] init];                [city setValuesForKeysWithDictionary:dict];                [cityList addObject:city];            }            self.dataList = cityList;            [self.tableView reloadData];        }    }];}

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