Java常见面试内容

转自:http://www.quora.com/Which-are-the-frequently-asked-interview-questions-for-Java-Engineers

Which are the frequently asked interview questions for Java Engineers

For a Core Java Developer , Questions around following topics should be good.

OOPs Concepts
Abstract Classes and Interfaces
Constructors
Overloading and Overriding
File IO and Serialization
Collections - List , Map , Set - Search, Sorting Algorithms
Access Specifiers
Exceptions - Checked , Unchecked
Generics
Java Keywords - static , final , volatile, synchronized , transient, this , super etc.
JVM and Memory Management
MultiThreading and Synchronization
HashCode and Equals
Design Patterns
Dependency Injection
Reflection API
Java 8 features - Lambda Expressions , Default Methods.

Here is a list of 200+ questions on Core Java - Java - Interview Questions and Answers - Quick Reference - One Liners.

If Someone is being hired for a Network / Distributed Application, Following questions can be asked

Communication Protocols like IP, HTTP, TCP, FTP,UDP
Synchronous vs Asynchronus Communication
Sockets
Technologies like RMI, RCP
Message Queues
Interface APIs - JMS, JDBC
ORMs - EJB ( Session Beans , Entity beans, MDB’s ), Hibernate

If someone has to work on a Java based web application then he can be asked questions around following topics -

JSP / JSF
Servlets / filters / Interceptors
Session Management / Transaction Management
JNDI
Architectures - n Tier, MVC
Web Frameworks like Struts / Spring
Service Oriented Architecture / Web Services - SOAP / Rest
Web Technologies like HTML, CSS, Javascript and JQuery
Markup Languages like XML and JSON.
Application and Web Servers
Caching
Cloud service (AWS, SoftLayer, BlueMix)

If someone has to work on Java UI, then questions around following can be expected -

Applets
Frameworks like Swing, SWT, AWT
Advanced Frameworks like JavaFX

Every Developer is expected to have knowledge regarding the Data structures. If you are applying positions for a product / system development companies, lot stress will be given to these Questions.

Arrays , Linked List
Search Algorithm and their complexity
Sorting Algorithms and their complexity
Trees , Graphs

Every Java Developer is expected to have Database Knowledge so questions around following concepts can be asked

Database Drivers
Normalization / Denormalization
Isolation Levels
Transaction Management
SQL Tuning / Optimization
SQL Queries - Inner Outer Joins, Group By , Having
Prepared Statement and their benefit.
Indices , Views
Stored Procedures
Triggers
Cursors

Moreover questions around Tools, Methodologies, Processes can be asked -

Development Tools - Eclipse / RAD
Design Tools and Diagrams
Configuration Management Tools like SVN, Clearcase etc
Defect Management
Build Tools like Maven, Ant etc
Testing - Unit Testing, JUnit , Black box , White Box
Development Methodologies - Agile / Waterfall / Iterative
Requirement Analysis
Release Management

and then Interviewer can also ask open ended questions.

Which feature would you most like to see added to Java?
Which feature would you most like to be removed from Java?
Have you gone through some of the features introduced with latest Java version ?
Do you think removing Perm gen completely in Java 8 is a good idea ?
How would you go about debugging an exception ?
How does Java differ from other programming languages you’ve worked with?
How do you document your code ?
If you are given a choice to implement something using javascript or Java ? Which technology will you use and why ?
What Design Patterns you have used in your project ?
Which Web application Framework - Struts, Spring do you like and Why ?
Which IDE, Source Control,Build tool you think is best ?
Which development methodology you would like to work with ?
Do you think using open source servers like Apache , Tomcat is a better idea than paid servers ?
Which testing tools do you use ?
What are the most important performance issues in Java web applications
What are the most important technologies / specifications in Java EE 6?
Do you like pair programming ? What’s your views on Agile methodology comparing to SDLC ?

Here are few links that might help.

200+ Java / J2EE Interview Questions and Answers
Java - Advanced Interview Questions for Experienced Professionals
Struts Framework - Interview Questions and Answers
Spring framework - Interview Questions and Answers
Hibernate - Interview Questions and Answers - Quick Reference
WAS / WSAD / RAD - Interview Questions and Answers
SVN ( subversion ) Interview Questions and Answers
Interview Questions and Answers on Maven
SVN ( subversion ) Interview Questions and Answers
Interview Questions and Answers on JSON (JavaScript Object Notation)
REST Web Services - Interview Questions and Answers
Java - SWT ( Standard Widget Toolkit ) / JFACE - Interview Questions and Answers
JavaScript interview questions and answers
Interview Questions and Answers on Markup Languages - XML , JSON
Interview Questions and Answers
Online Practice Tests - Java , Spring , Struts , Unix , Design Pattern , Websphere Commerce