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BeagleBone Black Created by Robert Nelson, last modified on Apr 06, 201---fwqlzzlove is for eve

来源：互联网 发布：仓库淘宝大战第一季 编辑：程序博客网 时间：2024/05/21 10:34

This is a page about TI's Cortex-A8 based; BeagleBone Black.

  • Availability
  • Basic Requirements
  • ARM Cross Compiler: GCC
  • Bootloader: U-Boot
  • Linux Kernel
    • Mainline
    • TI BSP
  • Root File System
    • Debian 8
    • Ubuntu 14.04 LTS
  • Root File System (small flash)
    • Debian 8 (small flash)
  • Setup microSD card
    • Backup Bootloader
    • Dealing with old Bootloader in eMMC
  • Install Kernel and Root File System
    • Copy Root File System
    • Set uname_r in /boot/uEnv.txt
    • Copy Kernel Image
    • Copy Kernel Device Tree Binaries
    • Copy Kernel Modules
    • File Systems Table (/etc/fstab)
    • Networking
    • Networking: Using a shared SD card with Multiple BeagleBone
    • Serial Login
    • Remove microSD/SD card
    • usb gadget
    • HDMI
    • eMMC
    • SGX
    • capemgr: v4.1.x+
  • Comments

Availability

Boards:
BeagleBone Black Rev C (4GB eMMC)at Digi-Key
BeagleBone Greenat Digi-Key
Embest BeagleBone Blackat Digi-Key

Power Supplies:
USB Micro for BeagleBone Greenat Digi-Key

Adapters:
BeagleBone BreadBoard Cape at Digi-Key
BeagleBone Breakout Cape at Digi-Key

Cables:
(USB to serial adapter) TTL-232R-3V3 at Digi-Key
HDMI-A Male to HDMI-D Male (1.5M) at Digi-Key
HDMI-A Male to HDMI-D Male (1.5M) at Digi-Key
HDMI-A Male to HDMI-D Male (2M) at Digi-Key

Basic Requirements

  • Running a recent release of Debian, Fedora or Ubuntu; without OS Virtualization Software.
  • ARM Cross Compiler – Linaro: http://www.linaro.org
    • Linaro Toolchain Binaries: http://www.linaro.org/downloads/
  • Bootloader
    • Das U-Boot – the Universal Boot Loader: http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot
    • Source: http://git.denx.de/?p=u-boot.git;a=summary
  • Linux Kernel
    • Linus's Mainline tree: https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git
  • ARM based rootfs
    • Debian: https://www.debian.org
    • Ubuntu: http://www.ubuntu.com

ARM Cross Compiler: GCC

This is a pre-built (64bit) version of Linaro GCC that runs on generic linux, sorry (32bit) x86 users, it's time to upgrade...
Download/Extract:

~/
wget -c https://releases.linaro.org/components/toolchain/binaries/5.3-2016.02/arm-linux-gnueabihf/gcc-linaro-5.3-2016.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
tar xf gcc-linaro-5.3-2016.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf.tar.xz
export CC=`pwd`/gcc-linaro-5.3-2016.02-x86_64_arm-linux-gnueabihf/bin/arm-linux-gnueabihf-

Test:

~/
${CC}gcc --version
arm-linux-gnueabihf-gcc (Linaro GCC5.3-2016.02)5.3.120160113
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the sourceforcopying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not evenforMERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Bootloader: U-Boot

Das U-Boot – the Universal Boot Loader: http://www.denx.de/wiki/U-Boot
eewiki.net patch archive: https://github.com/eewiki/u-boot-patches
Download:

~/
git clone https://github.com/u-boot/u-boot
cd u-boot/
git checkout v2016.03-b tmp

Patches:

~/u-boot
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/repos/git/u-boot-patches/v2016.03/0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch
  
patch -p1 < 0001-am335x_evm-uEnv.txt-bootz-n-fixes.patch

Configure and Build:

~/u-boot
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} distclean
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC} am335x_evm_defconfig
make ARCH=arm CROSS_COMPILE=${CC}

Linux Kernel

This script will build the kernel, modules, device tree binaries and copy them to the deploy directory.

Mainline

see: BeagleBone Black#capemgr:v4.1.x+ for overlay building on target
Download:

~/
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/bb-kernel
cd bb-kernel/

For am33x-v4.1 (Longterm 4.1.x):

~/bb-kernel
git checkout origin/am33x-v4.1-b tmp

For am33x-rt-v4.1 (Longterm 4.1.x + Real-Time Linux):

~/bb-kernel
git checkout origin/am33x-rt-v4.1-b tmp

For am33x-v4.4 (Longterm 4.4.x):

~/bb-kernel
git checkout origin/am33x-v4.4-b tmp

For am33x-rt-v4.4 (Longterm 4.4.x + Real-Time Linux):

~/bb-kernel
git checkout origin/am33x-rt-v4.4-b tmp

For am33x-v4.5 (Stable):

~/bb-kernel
git checkout origin/am33x-v4.5-b tmp

For am33x-v4.6 (Prepatch):

~/bb-kernel
git checkout origin/am33x-v4.6-b tmp

Build:

~/bb-kernel/
./build_kernel.sh

TI BSP

WARNING: do not use if you are not use to re-basing git branches, as this is based onhttp://git.ti.com/gitweb/?p=ti-linux-kernel/ti-linux-kernel.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/ti-linux-4.1.y instead of a stable kernel branch. Thus you will have to do: (git checkout master -f ; git branch -D tmp ; git pull ; git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.1.y -b tmp) often..
Download:

~/
git clone https://github.com/RobertCNelson/ti-linux-kernel-dev.git
cd ti-linux-kernel-dev/

For TI v4.1.x:

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev
git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.1.y -b tmp

For TI v4.1.x: Real-Time

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev
git checkout origin/ti-linux-rt-4.1.y -b tmp

For TI v4.4.x:

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev
git checkout origin/ti-linux-4.4.y -b tmp

For TI v4.4.x: Real-Time

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev
git checkout origin/ti-linux-rt-4.4.y -b tmp

Build:

~/ti-linux-kernel-dev/
./build_kernel.sh

Root File System

Debian 8

User

Password

debian

temppwd

root

root

Download:

~/
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/debian-8.4-minimal-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz

Verify:

~/
sha256sum debian-8.4-minimal-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz
e22acb5a90c949f61973355abaef1a343495c8c324c921f540990943e410bd41  debian-8.4-minimal-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz

Extract:

~/
tar xf debian-8.4-minimal-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS

User

Password

ubuntu

temppwd

Download:

~/
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/eewiki/minfs/ubuntu-14.04.4-minimal-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz

Verify:

~/
sha256sum ubuntu-14.04.4-minimal-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz
fec590514ec862e10abe997517134807175e5d89f2ba539cf228f0b3db3a8b8a  ubuntu-14.04.4-minimal-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz

Extract:

~/
tar xf ubuntu-14.04.4-minimal-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz

Root File System (small flash)

A Root File System around 100Mb in size, for flash applications.

Debian 8 (small flash)

User

Password

debian

temppwd

root

root

Download:

~/
wget -c https://rcn-ee.com/rootfs/eewiki/barefs/debian-8.4-bare-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz

Verify:

~/
sha256sum debian-8.4-bare-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz
129179c8520ca42c5f81ef9ceac92254e04c6523ce997b12cf85c127284a9670  debian-8.4-bare-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz

Extract:

~/
tar xf debian-8.4-bare-armhf-2016-04-02.tar.xz

Setup microSD card

For these instruction we are assuming, DISK=/dev/mmcblk0, lsblk is very useful for determining the device id.

export DISK=/dev/mmcblk0

Erase partition table/labels on microSD card:

sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=${DISK} bs=1M count=10

Install Bootloader:

~/
sudo dd if=./u-boot/MLO of=${DISK} count=1seek=1bs=128k
sudo dd if=./u-boot/u-boot.img of=${DISK} count=2seek=1bs=384k

Create Partition Layout:
With util-linux v2.26, sfdisk was rewritten and is now based on libfdisk.

sfdisk
sudo sfdisk --version
sfdisk from util-linux2.27.1
sfdisk >= 2.26.x
sudo sfdisk ${DISK} <<-__EOF__
1M,,L,*
__EOF__
sfdisk <= 2.25.x
sudo sfdisk --unit M ${DISK} <<-__EOF__
1,,L,*
__EOF__

Format Partition:
With mkfs.ext4 1.43, we need to make sure metadata_csum and 64bit are disabled, as U-Boot CAN NOT currently handle these newer ext4 options.

mkfs.ext4 -V
sudo mkfs.ext4 -V
mke2fs 1.43-WIP (15-Mar-2016)
        Using EXT2FS Library version1.43-WIP
mkfs.ext4 >= 1.43
for: DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs -O ^metadata_csum,^64bit ${DISK}p1
  
for: DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs -O ^metadata_csum,^64bit ${DISK}1
mkfs.ext4 <= 1.42
for: DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs ${DISK}p1
  
for: DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mkfs.ext4 -L rootfs ${DISK}1

Mount Partition:
On most systems these partitions may will be auto-mounted...

sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/
  
for: DISK=/dev/mmcblk0
sudo mount ${DISK}p1 /media/rootfs/
  
for: DISK=/dev/sdX
sudo mount ${DISK}1/media/rootfs/

Backup Bootloader

This version of MLO/u-boot.img will be used on the "eMMC" flasher script on this page.

~/
sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/opt/backup/uboot/
sudo cp -v ./u-boot/MLO /media/rootfs/opt/backup/uboot/
sudo cp -v ./u-boot/u-boot.img /media/rootfs/opt/backup/uboot/

Dealing with old Bootloader in eMMC

If you don't want to clear out the old Bootloader in eMMC add this uEnv.txt to /media/rootfs/

~/uEnv.txt
##This will work with: Angstrom's2013.06.20u-boot.
  
loadaddr=0x82000000
fdtaddr=0x88000000
rdaddr=0x88080000
  
initrd_high=0xffffffff
fdt_high=0xffffffff
  
#forsingle partitions:
mmcroot=/dev/mmcblk0p1
  
loadximage=load mmc0:1${loadaddr} /boot/vmlinuz-${uname_r}
loadxfdt=load mmc0:1${fdtaddr} /boot/dtbs/${uname_r}/${fdtfile}
loadxrd=load mmc0:1${rdaddr} /boot/initrd.img-${uname_r}; setenv rdsize ${filesize}
loaduEnvtxt=load mmc0:1${loadaddr} /boot/uEnv.txt ; envimport-t ${loadaddr} ${filesize};
loadall=run loaduEnvtxt; run loadximage; run loadxfdt;
  
mmcargs=setenv bootargs console=tty0 console=${console} ${optargs} ${cape_disable} ${cape_enable} root=${mmcroot} rootfstype=${mmcrootfstype} ${cmdline}
  
uenvcmd=run loadall; run mmcargs; bootz ${loadaddr} - ${fdtaddr};
~/
sudo cp -v ./uEnv.txt /media/rootfs/

Install Kernel and Root File System

To help new users, since the kernel version can change on a daily basis. The kernel building scripts listed on this page will now give you a hint of what kernel version was built.

-----------------------------
Script Complete
eewiki.net: [user@localhost:~$ export kernel_version=4.X.Y-Z]
-----------------------------

Copy and paste that "export kernel_version=4.X.Y-Z" exactly as shown in your own build/desktop environment and hit enter to create an environment variable to be used later.

export kernel_version=4.X.Y-Z

Copy Root File System

~/
sudo tar xfvp ./*-*-*-armhf-*/armhf-rootfs-*.tar -C /media/rootfs/

Set uname_r in /boot/uEnv.txt

~/
sudo sh -c "echo 'uname_r=${kernel_version}' >> /media/rootfs/boot/uEnv.txt"

Copy Kernel Image

Kernel Image:

~/
sudo cp -v ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}.zImage /media/rootfs/boot/vmlinuz-${kernel_version}

Copy Kernel Device Tree Binaries

~/
sudo mkdir -p /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/${kernel_version}/
sudo tar xfv ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}-dtbs.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/boot/dtbs/${kernel_version}/

Copy Kernel Modules

~/
sudo tar xfv ./bb-kernel/deploy/${kernel_version}-modules.tar.gz -C /media/rootfs/

File Systems Table (/etc/fstab)

/etc/fstab
sudo sh -c "echo '/dev/mmcblk0p1  /  auto  errors=remount-ro  0  1' >> /media/rootfs/etc/fstab"

Networking

Edit: /etc/network/interfaces

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces

Add:

/etc/network/interfaces
auto lo
iface lo inet loopback
  
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet dhcp

Networking: Using a shared SD card with Multiple BeagleBone

To always enable the Ethernet interface as eth0.
Edit: /etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules

Add:

/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
# BeagleBone: net device ()
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DRIVERS=="?*", ATTR{dev_id}=="0x0", ATTR{type}=="1", KERNEL=="eth*", NAME="eth0"

Serial Login

Ubuntu v3.8.x
Create new file: /etc/init/serial.conf

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/init/serial.conf

With this content:

/etc/init/serial.conf
start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]
  
respawn
exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyO0

Ubuntu v4.1.x
Create new file: /etc/init/serial.conf

sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/init/serial.conf

With this content:

/etc/init/serial.conf
start on stopped rc RUNLEVEL=[2345]
stop on runlevel [!2345]
  
respawn
exec /sbin/getty 115200 ttyS0

Remove microSD/SD card

sync
sudo umount /media/rootfs

usb gadget

Provides http access to beaglebone black over usb.
Install udhcpd

sudo apt-get install udhcpd

Edit: /etc/network/interfaces and add:

/etc/network/interfaces
# Ethernet/RNDIS gadget (g_ether)
# ... or on host side, usbnet and random hwaddr
iface usb0 inet static
        address192.168.7.2
        netmask255.255.255.252
        network192.168.7.0
        gateway192.168.7.1

Temp Script:

wget -c https://raw.github.com/RobertCNelson/tools/master/scripts/beaglebone-black-g-ether-load.sh
chmod +x beaglebone-black-g-ether-load.sh
sudo ./beaglebone-black-g-ether-load.sh

HDMI

This sections assumes you have already installed your favorite xorg based window manager, such as lxde, xfce, kde, gnome, etc... These are packages that need to be installed on top of your selected windows manager and an xorg.conf needed to correctly setup the video interface.
Note: If the cursor doesn\'t show up right away, first hit: ctlr-alt-f1 then: ctrl-alt-f7 after which it \'should\' show up...
Make sure to install, modesetting driver and xrandr utilities:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install read-edid xserver-xorg-video-fbdev xserver-xorg-video-modesetting x11-xserver-utils
/etc/X11/xorg.conf
Section "Monitor"
        Identifier     "Builtin Default Monitor"
EndSection
Section "Device"
        Identifier     "Builtin Default fbdev Device 0"
        Driver         "fbdev"
#        Driver         "modesetting"
EndSection
Section "Screen"
        Identifier     "Builtin Default fbdev Screen 0"
        Device         "Builtin Default fbdev Device 0"
        Monitor        "Builtin Default Monitor"
        DefaultDepth   16
#Chipsee lcd7 bbb-exp-c:
#        DefaultDepth   24
EndSection
Section "ServerLayout"
        Identifier     "Builtin Default Layout"
        Screen         "Builtin Default fbdev Screen 0"
EndSection

xrandr:

xrandr
xrandr --output HDMI-0--mode 1024x768 --rate60

xrandr (over serial/ssh)

xrandr -display :0.0-q
xrandr -display :0.0--output HDMI-0--mode 1024x768 --rate 60

eMMC

Script to copy your microSD card to eMMC: (this will need these packages installed: initramfs-tools dosfstools rsync)

wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/RobertCNelson/boot-scripts/master/tools/eMMC/bbb-eMMC-flasher-eewiki-ext4.sh
chmod +x bbb-eMMC-flasher-eewiki-ext4.sh
sudo /bin/bash ./bbb-eMMC-flasher-eewiki-ext4.sh

SGX

Build SGX modules/userspace (must be done on an x86, due to the TI 5.01.01.02 blob extractor)

~/bb-kernel
./sgx_build_modules.sh

Copy ./deploy/GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz to BeagleBone/BeagleBone Black and install

sudo tar xfv GFX_5.01.01.02.tar.gz -C /
cd /opt/gfxinstall/
sudo ./sgx-install.sh
sudo reboot

Verify omaplfb & pvrsrvkm loaded

debian@arm:~$ lsmod | grep omaplfb
omaplfb               12065 0
pvrsrvkm             178782 1 omaplfb

capemgr: v4.1.x+

Full Documentation: readme
Download:

~/
git clone https://github.com/beagleboard/bb.org-overlays
cd ./bb.org-overlays/

Update dtc:

~/bb.org-overlays
./dtc-overlay.sh

Install *.dtbo:

~/bb.org-overlays
./install.sh

BBB compatibility issues:

/boot/uEnv.txt
dtb=am335x-boneblack-overlay.dtb

capemgr: enable/disable capes on kernel cmdline:

Comma delimited list of PART-NUMBER[:REV] of [enabled/disabled] capes
/boot/uEnv.txt
cape_disable=bone_capemgr.disable_partno=
cape_enable=bone_capemgr.enable_partno=

slots:

debian@beaglebone:~$ cat /sys/devices/platform/bone_capemgr/slots
 0:54:P---L BeagleBone RS232 CAPE,00A1,Beagleboardtoys,BB-BONE-SERL-03
 1:55:PF---
 2:56:PF---
 3:57:PF---

Comments

Comments, feedback, and questions can be sent to: eewiki@digikey.com
Please use the Digi-Key Forum: TechXchange Community

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