Java之——Java mail邮件开发实战

转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.net/l1028386804/article/details/51146788

今天，给大家具体讲讲如何利用java mail实现发送邮箱的功能，不多说了，我们直接进入主题。

一、准备环境

 java发送邮件需要3个jar包的支持，分别是activation.jar，additionnal.jar，mail.jar，大家可以到链接http://download.csdn.net/detail/l1028386804/9490320下载这些所需的jar包，将这些jar包放入到自己的java工程中。

二、实现

1、创建邮件信息类MailSenderInfo

这个类是发送邮件的基本信息类，存储了发送邮件的各种信息，包括发送邮件的服务器地址、端口，发送者的邮箱、账号、密码、接收者的邮箱和邮件内容等信息。

具体代码如下：

package com.lyz.utils.email;import java.util.Properties;/** * 邮件发送信息类 * @author liuyazhuang * */public class MailSenderInfo {// 发送邮件的服务器的IP和端口private String mailServerHost;private String mailServerPort = "25";// 邮件发送者的地址private String fromAddress;// 邮件接收者的地址private String toAddress;// 登陆邮件发送服务器的用户名和密码private String userName;private String password;// 是否需要身份验证private boolean validate = true;// 邮件主题private String subject;// 邮件的文本内容private String content;// 邮件附件的文件名private String[] attachFileNames;/** * 获得邮件会话属性 */public Properties getProperties() {Properties p = new Properties();p.put("mail.smtp.host", this.mailServerHost);p.put("mail.smtp.port", this.mailServerPort);p.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");p.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.port", "465");  p.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.class","javax.net.ssl.SSLSocketFactory");  p.put("mail.smtp.socketFactory.fallback", "false");  p.setProperty("mail.smtp.quitwait", "false");return p;}public MailSenderInfo() {super();}public MailSenderInfo(String mailServerHost, String mailServerPort,String fromAddress, String toAddress, String userName,String password, boolean validate, String subject, String content) {super();this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;this.fromAddress = fromAddress;this.toAddress = toAddress;this.userName = userName;this.password = password;this.validate = validate;this.subject = subject;this.content = content;}public String getMailServerHost() {return mailServerHost;}public void setMailServerHost(String mailServerHost) {this.mailServerHost = mailServerHost;}public String getMailServerPort() {return mailServerPort;}public void setMailServerPort(String mailServerPort) {this.mailServerPort = mailServerPort;}public boolean isValidate() {return validate;}public void setValidate(boolean validate) {this.validate = validate;}public String[] getAttachFileNames() {return attachFileNames;}public void setAttachFileNames(String[] fileNames) {this.attachFileNames = fileNames;}public String getFromAddress() {return fromAddress;}public void setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {this.fromAddress = fromAddress;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public String getToAddress() {return toAddress;}public void setToAddress(String toAddress) {this.toAddress = toAddress;}public String getUserName() {return userName;}public void setUserName(String userName) {this.userName = userName;}public String getSubject() {return subject;}public void setSubject(String subject) {this.subject = subject;}public String getContent() {return content;}public void setContent(String textContent) {this.content = textContent;}}

2、创建发送邮件的认证类MyAuthenticator

这个类是发送邮件时的认证类，此类继承自Authenticator。

具体代码如下：

package com.lyz.utils.email;import javax.mail.Authenticator;import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;/** * 发送邮件的认证类 * @author liuyazhuang * */public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator {String userName = null;String password = null;public MyAuthenticator() {}public MyAuthenticator(String username, String password) {this.userName = username;this.password = password;}protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, password);}}

3、创建发送邮件的核心类MailSender

这个类是整个项目的核心，是整个项目的邮件发送器。这个类共实现了4个方法：

(1)以文本格式发送邮件,不带附件的sendTextMail方法;

(2)以带附件的方式发送文本格式邮件的sendTextMailWithAttachment方法

(3)以HTML格式发送邮件,带附件的sendHtmlMailWithAttachment方法

(4)以HTML格式发送邮件,不带附件的sendHtmlMail方法

具体代码如下：

package com.lyz.utils.email;import java.util.Date;import java.util.Properties;import javax.activation.CommandMap;import javax.activation.DataHandler;import javax.activation.FileDataSource;import javax.activation.MailcapCommandMap;import javax.mail.Address;import javax.mail.BodyPart;import javax.mail.Message;import javax.mail.MessagingException;import javax.mail.Multipart;import javax.mail.Session;import javax.mail.Transport;import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;/** * @author liuyazhuang * 邮件发送器 */public class MailSender {/** * 以文本格式发送邮件,不带附件 * @param mailInfo *            待发送的邮件的信息 */public static boolean sendTextMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) {// 判断是否需要身份认证MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());}// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的sessionSession sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);try {// 根据session创建一个邮件消息Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);// 创建邮件发送者地址Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());// 设置邮件消息的发送者mailMessage.setFrom(from);// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);// 设置邮件消息的主题mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());// 设置邮件消息发送的时间mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());// 设置邮件消息的主要内容String mailContent = mailInfo.getContent();mailMessage.setText(mailContent);MailcapCommandMap mc = (MailcapCommandMap) CommandMap.getDefaultCommandMap();        mc.addMailcap("text/html;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_html");        mc.addMailcap("text/xml;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_xml");        mc.addMailcap("text/plain;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_plain");        mc.addMailcap("multipart/*;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.multipart_mixed");        mc.addMailcap("message/rfc822;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.message_rfc822");        CommandMap.setDefaultCommandMap(mc);// 发送邮件Transport.send(mailMessage);return true;} catch (MessagingException ex) {ex.printStackTrace();}return false;}/** * 以带附件的方式发送文本格式邮件 * @param mailInfo 待发送的邮件的信息 * @param filenames 附件的磁盘绝对路径 */public static boolean sendTextMailWithAttachment(MailSenderInfo mailInfo, String ... filenames) {// 判断是否需要身份认证MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());}// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的sessionSession sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);try {// 根据session创建一个邮件消息Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);// 创建邮件发送者地址Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());// 设置邮件消息的发送者mailMessage.setFrom(from);// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);// 设置邮件消息的主题mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());// 设置邮件消息发送的时间mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());//实例化MultipartMultipart mp = new MimeMultipart();//实例化发送文本的MimeBodyPartMimeBodyPart textFile = new MimeBodyPart();//设置文本信息textFile.setText(mailInfo.getContent(), "UTF-8");mp.addBodyPart(textFile);//是否添加了附件if(filenames != null && filenames.length > 0){for(int i = 0; i < filenames.length; i++){String fileName = filenames[i];//文件名为空,跳过本次循环if(fileName == null || "".equals(fileName.trim())){continue;}MimeBodyPart mbpFile = new MimeBodyPart();FileDataSource fds = new FileDataSource(fileName);mbpFile.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));mbpFile.setFileName(fileName);mp.addBodyPart(mbpFile);}}mailMessage.setContent(mp);MailcapCommandMap mc = (MailcapCommandMap) CommandMap.getDefaultCommandMap();        mc.addMailcap("text/html;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_html");        mc.addMailcap("text/xml;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_xml");        mc.addMailcap("text/plain;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_plain");        mc.addMailcap("multipart/*;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.multipart_mixed");        mc.addMailcap("message/rfc822;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.message_rfc822");        CommandMap.setDefaultCommandMap(mc);// 发送邮件Transport.send(mailMessage);return true;} catch (MessagingException ex) {ex.printStackTrace();}return false;}/** * 以HTML格式发送邮件,带附件 * @param mailInfo *            待发送的邮件信息 *  @param filenames:附件在磁盘上的绝对路径 */public static boolean sendHtmlMailWithAttachment(MailSenderInfo mailInfo, String... filenames) {// 判断是否需要身份认证MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());}// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的sessionSession sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);try {// 根据session创建一个邮件消息Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);// 创建邮件发送者地址Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());// 设置邮件消息的发送者mailMessage.setFrom(from);// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());// Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TOmailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);// 设置邮件消息的主题mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());// 设置邮件消息发送的时间mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());// MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();// 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPartBodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();// 设置HTML内容html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");mainPart.addBodyPart(html);//是否添加了附件if(filenames != null && filenames.length > 0){for(int i = 0; i < filenames.length; i++){String fileName = filenames[i];//文件名为空,跳过本次循环if(fileName == null || "".equals(fileName.trim())){continue;}MimeBodyPart mbpFile = new MimeBodyPart();FileDataSource fds = new FileDataSource(fileName);mbpFile.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(fds));mbpFile.setFileName(fileName);mainPart.addBodyPart(mbpFile);}}// 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);MailcapCommandMap mc = (MailcapCommandMap) CommandMap.getDefaultCommandMap();        mc.addMailcap("text/html;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_html");        mc.addMailcap("text/xml;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_xml");        mc.addMailcap("text/plain;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_plain");        mc.addMailcap("multipart/*;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.multipart_mixed");        mc.addMailcap("message/rfc822;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.message_rfc822");        CommandMap.setDefaultCommandMap(mc);// 发送邮件Transport.send(mailMessage);return true;} catch (MessagingException ex) {ex.printStackTrace();}return false;}/** * 以HTML格式发送邮件 * @param mailInfo *            待发送的邮件信息 */public static boolean sendHtmlMail(MailSenderInfo mailInfo) {// 判断是否需要身份认证MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();// 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassword());}// 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的sessionSession sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);try {// 根据session创建一个邮件消息Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);// 创建邮件发送者地址Address from = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress());// 设置邮件消息的发送者mailMessage.setFrom(from);// 创建邮件的接收者地址，并设置到邮件消息中Address to = new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress());// Message.RecipientType.TO属性表示接收者的类型为TOmailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, to);// 设置邮件消息的主题mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());// 设置邮件消息发送的时间mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());// MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();// 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPartBodyPart html = new MimeBodyPart();// 设置HTML内容html.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=utf-8");mainPart.addBodyPart(html);// 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);MailcapCommandMap mc = (MailcapCommandMap) CommandMap.getDefaultCommandMap();        mc.addMailcap("text/html;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_html");        mc.addMailcap("text/xml;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_xml");        mc.addMailcap("text/plain;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.text_plain");        mc.addMailcap("multipart/*;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.multipart_mixed");        mc.addMailcap("message/rfc822;; x-java-content-handler=com.sun.mail.handlers.message_rfc822");        CommandMap.setDefaultCommandMap(mc);// 发送邮件Transport.send(mailMessage);return true;} catch (MessagingException ex) {ex.printStackTrace();}return false;}}

4、创建配置文件email.properties

为了更加符合编程的规范，这里我们将发送邮件必须要用到的一些信息放到一个配置文件中，在项目的classpath目录下建立email.properties文件。

具体代码如下:

mail_server_host = smtp.qq.commail_server_port = 995mail_user_name = your usernamemail_password = your passwordmail_from_address = your email where send email

注：大家要将文件中的用户名、密码、和发送邮件的邮箱替换为自己的用户名、密码和发送邮件的邮箱。

5、创建测试类SendTest

这个类是整个项目的测试类，测试是否能够实现发送邮件的功能

具体代码如下:

package com.lyz.utils.test;import java.io.InputStream;import java.util.Properties;import com.lyz.utils.email.MailSender;import com.lyz.utils.email.MailSenderInfo;/** * 测试发送邮件 * @author liuyazhuang * */public class SendTest {/** *  *  QQ邮箱 POP3 和 SMTP 服务器地址设置如下：邮箱POP3服务器（端口110）SMTP服务器（端口25）qq.com pop.qq.com smtp.qq.comSMTP服务器需要身份验证。如果是设置POP3和SMTP的SSL加密方式，则端口如下：POP3服务器（端口995）SMTP服务器（端口465或587）。 * @param args */public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{Properties prop = new Properties();InputStream in = SendTest.class.getResourceAsStream("/email.properties");prop.load(in);MailSenderInfo mailInfo = new MailSenderInfo();mailInfo.setMailServerHost(prop.getProperty("mail_server_host"));mailInfo.setMailServerPort(prop.getProperty("mail_server_port"));mailInfo.setUserName(prop.getProperty("mail_user_name"));mailInfo.setPassword(prop.getProperty("mail_password"));mailInfo.setFromAddress(prop.getProperty("mail_from_address"));mailInfo.setValidate(true);mailInfo.setToAddress("你要发送邮件的目标邮箱");mailInfo.setSubject("你好");mailInfo.setContent("我叫刘亚壮");// 这个类主要来发送邮件MailSender.sendTextMailWithAttachment(mailInfo);// 发送文体格式}}

三、运行效果

四、附录

大家可以到链接http://download.csdn.net/detail/l1028386804/9490320下载开发邮件程序所需要的jar包，到链接http://download.csdn.net/detail/l1028386804/9490326下载java发送邮件的完整源代码