简单实现Android搜索功能 显示清除历史搜索记录

本文主要为大家分享了Android实现搜索功能，并且可以实时显示搜索的历史记录，根据输入的内容去模糊查询，供大家参考，界面图如下。

本案例实现起来也非常的简单，所以可以直接拿来嵌入项目中使用，主要涉及到的知识点：

1、数据库的增删改查操作

2、监听软键盘回车按钮设置为搜索按钮 

3、使用TextWatcher( )进行实时筛选 

4、已搜索的关键字再次搜索不会重复添加到数据库 

既然是要保存搜索记录，首先得建立数据库表：

/** * 搜索记录帮助类 * Created by 05 on 2016/7/27. */public class RecordSQLiteOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper {    private final static String DB_NAME = "temp.db";    private final static int DB_VERSION = 1;    public RecordSQLiteOpenHelper(Context context) {        super(context, DB_NAME, null, DB_VERSION);    }    @Override    public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {        String sqlStr = "CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS records (_id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY AUTOINCREMENT, name TEXT);";        db.execSQL(sqlStr);    }    @Override    public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {    }}

数据库操作类 ，增删改查都在里面：

/** * 搜索记录操作类 * Created by 05 on 2016/7/27. */public class RecordsDao {    RecordSQLiteOpenHelper recordHelper;    SQLiteDatabase recordsDb;    public RecordsDao(Context context) {        recordHelper = new RecordSQLiteOpenHelper(context);    }    //添加搜索记录    public void addRecords(String record) {        if (!isHasRecord(record)) {            recordsDb = recordHelper.getReadableDatabase();            ContentValues values = new ContentValues();            values.put("name", record);            //添加            recordsDb.insert("records", null, values);            //关闭            recordsDb.close();        }    }    //判断是否含有该搜索记录    public boolean isHasRecord(String record) {        boolean isHasRecord = false;        recordsDb = recordHelper.getReadableDatabase();        Cursor cursor = recordsDb.query("records", null, null, null, null, null, null);        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {            if (record.equals(cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow("name")))) {                isHasRecord = true;            }        }        //关闭数据库        recordsDb.close();cursor.close();        return isHasRecord;    }    //获取全部搜索记录    public List<String> getRecordsList() {        List<String> recordsList = new ArrayList<>();        recordsDb = recordHelper.getReadableDatabase();        Cursor cursor = recordsDb.query("records", null, null, null, null, null, null);        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {            String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow("name"));            recordsList.add(name);        }        //关闭数据库        recordsDb.close();cursor.close();        return recordsList;    }    //模糊查询    public List<String> querySimlarRecord(String record){        String queryStr = "select * from records where name like '%" + record + "%' order by name ";        List<String> similarRecords = new ArrayList<>();        Cursor cursor= recordHelper.getReadableDatabase().rawQuery(queryStr,null);        while (cursor.moveToNext()) {            String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow("name"));            similarRecords.add(name);        }cursor.close();        return similarRecords;    }    //清空搜索记录    public void deleteAllRecords() {        recordsDb = recordHelper.getWritableDatabase();        recordsDb.execSQL("delete from records");        recordsDb.close();    }}

数据库类已经封装好了，接下来就是界面代码：

<span style="color:#333333;"><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent">    <LinearLayout        android:background="@color/base_green"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="50dp">        <LinearLayout            android:layout_margin="10dp"            android:background="@drawable/input_border_layout"            android:layout_weight="1"            android:layout_width="0dp"            android:layout_height="match_parent">            <ImageView                android:padding="5dp"                android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"                android:layout_width="30dp"                android:layout_height="match_parent"                android:src="@mipmap/my_village_search"/>            <EditText                android:id="@+id/input_search_content_et"                android:layout_margin="5dp"                android:textSize="14sp"                android:singleLine="true"                android:imeOptions="actionSearch"                android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"                android:background="@drawable/input_no_border_layout"                android:layout_width="match_parent"                android:layout_height="wrap_content"                android:hint="请输入你要搜索的内容"/></span><!-- 以上的singleLine和imeOptions属性代码是将弹出的软键盘的回车键替换成搜索键的关键，当然也可以换成发送键 等等，可以去查一下该属性 --></span>        </LinearLayout>        <TextView            android:id="@+id/search_content_cancel_tv"            android:padding="10dp"            android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"            android:gravity="center"            android:layout_width="wrap_content"            android:layout_height="match_parent"            android:textSize="18sp"            android:text="取消"            android:textColor="@color/white"/>    </LinearLayout>    <RelativeLayout        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="match_parent">        <LinearLayout            android:orientation="vertical"            android:id="@+id/search_content_show_ll"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content">        </LinearLayout>    </RelativeLayout></LinearLayout></span>

因为是将搜索的历史信息做成显示隐藏的效果，所以单独写了一个历史信息的layout:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent">    <LinearLayout        android:orientation="vertical"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content">        <ListView            android:id="@+id/search_records_lv"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>        <View            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="0.1dp"            android:background="@color/custom_gray"/>        <TextView            android:background="@color/white"            android:id="@+id/clear_all_records_tv"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="40dp"            android:textSize="16sp"            android:gravity="center"            android:textColor="@color/clear_red"            android:text="清除历史记录"/>        <View            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="0.1dp"            android:background="@color/custom_gray"/>    </LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

既然用到了listview来显示历史搜索信息，就需要写listview的item：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent">    <LinearLayout        android:background="@color/white"        android:orientation="horizontal"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="40dp">        <TextView            android:id="@+id/search_content_tv"            android:layout_width="match_parent"            android:layout_height="wrap_content"            android:drawableLeft="@mipmap/search_icon"            android:drawablePadding="8dp"            android:layout_margin="10dp"            android:layout_gravity="center_vertical"        />    </LinearLayout></LinearLayout>

用到了listview，当然还需要适配器，因为目前只有文本可以使用SimpleAdapter，为了以后能添加别的，我还是自定义了一个Adapter：

/** * Created by 05 on 2016/7/27. */public class SearchRecordsAdapter extends BaseAdapter {    private Context context;    private List<String> searchRecordsList;    private LayoutInflater inflater;    public SearchRecordsAdapter(Context context, List<String> searchRecordsList) {        this.context = context;        this.searchRecordsList = searchRecordsList;        inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context);    }    @Override    public int getCount() {        return searchRecordsList.size() == 0 ? 0 : searchRecordsList.size();    }    @Override    public Object getItem(int position) {        return searchRecordsList.size() == 0 ? null : searchRecordsList.get(position);    }    @Override    public long getItemId(int position) {        return position;    }    @Override    public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent) {        ViewHolder viewHolder;        if(null == convertView){            viewHolder = new ViewHolder();            convertView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.saerch_records_list_item,null);            viewHolder.recordTv = (TextView) convertView.findViewById(R.id.search_content_tv);            convertView.setTag(viewHolder);        }else{            viewHolder = (ViewHolder) convertView.getTag();        }        String content = searchRecordsList.get(position);        viewHolder.recordTv.setText(content);        return convertView;    }    private class ViewHolder {        TextView recordTv;    }}

最后就是界面代码了：

/** * 搜索界面 * Created by 05 on 2016/7/26. */public class SearchContentActivity extends BaseActivity implements View.OnClickListener {    private EditText searchContentEt;    private SearchRecordsAdapter recordsAdapter;    private View recordsHistoryView;    private ListView recordsListLv;    private TextView clearAllRecordsTv;    private LinearLayout searchRecordsLl;    private List<String> searchRecordsList;    private List<String> tempList;    private RecordsDao recordsDao;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        BaseSetContentView(R.layout.activity_search_content);        initView();        initData();        bindAdapter();        initListener();    }    private void initView() {        setHideHeader();        initRecordsView();        searchRecordsLl = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.search_content_show_ll);        searchContentEt = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.input_search_content_et);        //添加搜索view        searchRecordsLl.addView(recordsHistoryView);    }    //初始化搜索历史记录View    private void initRecordsView() {        recordsHistoryView = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.search_records_list_layout, null);        //显示历史记录lv        recordsListLv = (ListView) recordsHistoryView.findViewById(R.id.search_records_lv);        //清除搜索历史记录        clearAllRecordsTv = (TextView) recordsHistoryView.findViewById(R.id.clear_all_records_tv);    }    private void initData() {        recordsDao = new RecordsDao(this);        searchRecordsList = new ArrayList<>();        tempList = new ArrayList<>();        tempList.addAll(recordsDao.getRecordsList());        reversedList();        //第一次进入判断数据库中是否有历史记录，没有则不显示        checkRecordsSize();    }    private void bindAdapter() {        recordsAdapter = new SearchRecordsAdapter(this, searchRecordsList);        recordsListLv.setAdapter(recordsAdapter);    }    private void initListener() {        clearAllRecordsTv.setOnClickListener(this);        searchContentEt.setOnEditorActionListener(new TextView.OnEditorActionListener() {            @Override            public boolean onEditorAction(TextView v, int actionId, KeyEvent event) {                if (actionId == EditorInfo.IME_ACTION_SEARCH) {                    if (searchContentEt.getText().toString().length() > 0) {                        String record = searchContentEt.getText().toString();                        //判断数据库中是否存在该记录                        if (!recordsDao.isHasRecord(record)) {                            tempList.add(record);                        }                        //将搜索记录保存至数据库中                        recordsDao.addRecords(record);                        reversedList();                        checkRecordsSize();                        recordsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                        //根据关键词去搜索                                            } else {                        ToastUtils.showToast(SearchContentActivity.this, "搜索内容不能为空");                    }                }                return false;            }        });        //根据输入的信息去模糊搜索        searchContentEt.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() {            @Override            public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {            }            @Override            public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) {            }            @Override            public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {                String tempName = searchContentEt.getText().toString();                tempList.clear();                tempList.addAll(recordsDao.querySimlarRecord(tempName));                reversedList();                checkRecordsSize();                recordsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();            }        });        //历史记录点击事件        recordsListLv.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {            @Override            public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {                //将获取到的字符串传到搜索结果界面            }        });    }    //当没有匹配的搜索数据的时候不显示历史记录栏    private void checkRecordsSize(){        if(searchRecordsList.size() == 0){            searchRecordsLl.setVisibility(View.GONE);        }else{            searchRecordsLl.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);        }    }    @Override    public void onClick(View v) {        switch (v.getId()){            //清空所有历史数据            case R.id.clear_all_records_tv:                tempList.clear();                reversedList();                recordsDao.deleteAllRecords();                recordsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();                searchRecordsLl.setVisibility(View.GONE);                break;        }    }    //颠倒list顺序，用户输入的信息会从上依次往下显示    private void reversedList(){        searchRecordsList.clear();        for(int i = tempList.size() - 1 ; i >= 0 ; i --){            searchRecordsList.add(tempList.get(i));        }    }}

以上就是实现搜索记录存储，搜索信息模糊查询的全部代码了，供大家参考，当然也给自己提供一个整理思路的锻炼。O(∩_∩)O~