mysql5.5等版本如何启用SSL

第一步，查看MySQL是否支持SSL

mysql> show variables like '%ssl%';

如果出现以下结果表示支持，如果没有考虑更换版本，或者编译一个带有SSL版本的mysql

+---------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                            |
+---------------+----------------------------------+
| have_openssl  | YES                              |
| have_ssl      | YES                              |

第二步，生成证书

# Generate a CA key and certificate with SHA1 digest
openssl genrsa 2048 > ca-key.pem
openssl req -sha1 -new -x509 -nodes -days 3650 -key ca-key.pem > ca-cert.pem

# Create server key and certficate with SHA1 digest, sign it and convert
# the RSA key from PKCS #8 (OpenSSL 1.0 and newer) to the old PKCS #1 format
openssl req -sha1 -newkey rsa:2048 -days 730 -nodes -keyout server-key.pem > server-req.pem
openssl x509 -sha1 -req -in server-req.pem -days 730  -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 > server-cert.pem
openssl rsa -in server-key.pem -out server-key.pem     对于ubuntu12等版本，一定要加这句话，由于openssl版本不同，会导致该文件格式无法识别，所以一定要转成RSA格式

# Create client key and certificate with SHA digest, sign it and convert
# the RSA key from PKCS #8 (OpenSSL 1.0 and newer) to the old PKCS #1 format
openssl req -sha1 -newkey rsa:2048 -days 730 -nodes -keyout client-key.pem > client-req.pem
openssl x509 -sha1 -req -in client-req.pem -days 730 -CA ca-cert.pem -CAkey ca-key.pem -set_serial 01 > client-cert.pem
openssl rsa -in client-key.pem -out client-key.pem     对于ubuntu12等版本，一定要加这句话，由于openssl版本不同，会导致该文件格式无法识别，所以一定要转成RSA格式

以上命令会生成

ca-cert.pem  ca-key.pem  client-cert.pem  client-key.pem  client-req.pem  server-cert.pem  server-key.pem  server-req.pem

第三步，证书路径位置

默认证书路径必须放置在/etc/mysql下（ca-cert.pem  ca-key.pem server-cert.pem server-key.pem server-req.pem），如果放置在其他路径如“/etc/mysql/certs"，一定要注意该目录mysql是否可以访问，还需在文件/etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.mysqld中，添加该路径/etc/mysql/certs/*.pem r,

第四步，启动SSL

在MySQL的配置文件my.cnf中，在[mysqld]节下，加入（证书路径）

ssl-cipher=DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA
ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/certs/ca-cert.pem
ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/certs/server-cert.pem
ssl-key=/etc/mysql/certs/server-key.pem
ssl

重启MySQL

在MySQL里，看到

mysql> show variables like '%ssl%';
+---------------+----------------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value                            |
+---------------+----------------------------------+
| have_openssl  | YES                              |
| have_ssl      | YES                              |
| ssl_ca        | /etc/mysql/certs/ca-cert.pem     |
| ssl_capath    |                                  |
| ssl_cert      | /etc/mysql/certs/server-cert.pem |
| ssl_cipher    | DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA               |
| ssl_key       | /etc/mysql/certs/server-key.pem  |
表示SSL成功启动

第五步，授权mysql用户

 grant all privileges on *.* to 'zzz'@'%' identified by 'mysql' require ssl with grant option;

这里授权了一个‘zzz’用户，并给予全部权限

第六步，客户端配置

在客户端的mysql配置文件my.cnf中加入（证书路径）

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
ssl-ca=/etc/mysql/certs/ca-cert.pem
ssl-cert=/etc/mysql/certs/client-cert.pem
ssl-key=/etc/mysql/certs/client-key.pem

更改完后，登陆MySQL

mysql> status
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mysql  Ver 14.14 Distrib 5.5.49, for debian-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 6.2

Connection id:          7329
Current database:
Current user:           zzz@10.142.54.88
SSL:                    Cipher in use is DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA      （如果看到这个，表示整个配置准确）
Current pager:          stdout
Using outfile:          ''
Using delimiter:        ;
Server version:         5.5.49-0ubuntu0.12.04.1-log (Ubuntu)
Protocol version:       10
Connection:             10.142.54.88 via TCP/IP
Server characterset:    latin1
Db     characterset:    latin1
Client characterset:    latin1
Conn.  characterset:    latin1
TCP port:               3306
Uptime:                 32 min 56 sec

Threads: 2  Questions: 343  Slow queries: 1  Opens: 209  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 202  Queries per second avg: 0.173
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