【win32】day07-图形绘制/GDI绘图对象-画笔/画刷

图形绘制

1.1 图形绘制的方式

  获取到绘图句柄-设备描述表(DC),使用相应

  的绘图的API,在设备上绘制图形.

  

1.2 颜色

  R\G\B三色,每种颜色8位,共24位颜色.

  32位颜色:颜色数量24位颜色(8-8-8),多出来的8位

 表示灰度.

  16位:颜色数量2的16次方.(5-6-5)

  

  Win32下,颜色的定义COLORREF(DWORD), RGB宏定义颜色

COLORREF nColor = RGB( 0,  0,  0 );//黑色

COLORREF nColor = RGB( 255,255,255 );//白色

COLORREF nColor = RGB( 255,0,  0 );//红色

  从一个颜色中获取RGB三色:

int nBlue = GetBValue( nColor );

int nRed  = GetRValue( nColor );

int nGreen= GetGValue( nColor );

1.3 点的绘制和获取
  绘制: COLORREF SetPixel(
HDC hdc, //DC句柄
int X, //x坐标
int Y, //y坐标
COLORREF crColor ); // 点的颜色


  获取: COLORREF GetPixel(
 HDC hdc,   //DC句柄
 int XPos,  //x坐标
 int nYPos ); //y坐标
返回指定坐标位置的点的颜色


1.4 直线的绘制
  MoveToEx 移动当前点到指定位置
  LineTo 从当前点绘制直线到指定位置


1.5 弧的绘制
   Arc和AngleArc提供不同的绘制弧的方式:
   1.5.1 BOOL Arc( HDC hdc, 
 int nLeftRect, // 外切矩形的坐标左
 int nTopRect,//外切矩形的坐标上
 int nRightRect,//外切矩形的坐标右
 int nBottomRect,//外切矩形的坐标下
 int nXStartArc,//起始切割半径的X坐标
 int nYStartArc,//起始切割半径的Y坐标
 int nXEndArc, //终止切割半径的X坐标
 int nYEndArc ); //终止切割半径的X坐标
可以使用SetArcDirection函数,设置Arc函数切割方向:顺时针和逆时针.
   1.5.2 BOOL AngleArc(
HDC hdc, // handle to device context
int X, //圆心的X坐标
int Y, //圆心的Y坐标
DWORD dwRadius,//圆的半径
FLOAT eStartAngle,//开始角度
 FLOAT eSweepAngle );//夹角


1.6 折线
   1.6.1 BOOL Polyline(
HDC hdc, //DC句柄
CONST POINT *lppt,//Polyline顶点的坐标数组
int cPoints ); //顶点数组的长度
   1.6.2 PolylineTo 与Polyline类似, 只是在
 绘制Polyline前,从当前点( 没有设置的话，是0,0点)使用LineTo绘制直线到Polyline的第一个顶点.
   1.6.3 绘制多组折线 PolyPolyline
 BOOL PolyPolyline( HDC hdc,
CONST POINT *lppt,//所有点的数组
 CONST DWORD *lpdwPolyPoints,//每组点的数量
 DWORD cCount );//分组的数量
例如:
DWORD nGroup[] = { 4, 3 };
PolyPolyline( hDC, ptPolyLine,nGroup, 2 );


1.7 Bizer曲线
BOOL PolyBezier(HDC hdc, 
CONST POINT *lppt,//点数组,最少4个点
DWORD cPoints );//点的数量
4个点: 1和4是端点,2.3点是控制点
7个点: 1.4.7是端点,其余是控制点


1.8 多样式的线条
BOOL PolyDraw( HDC hdc,
CONST POINT *lppt,//各个点的数组
CONST BYTE *lpbTypes, //从某点到下一点的绘制方式 pointer to line and curve identifiers
int cCount); //点的数量
lpbTypes - PT_MOVETO  移动到该点
  PT_LINETO  绘直线
  PT_BIZERTO Biezer曲线


 1.9 矩形的绘制
   1.9.1 普通矩形 Rectangle 
   1.9.2 带圆角的矩形 
BOOL RoundRect( HDC hdc,
int nLeftRect, //左上X坐标
 int nTopRect, //左上Y坐标
int nRightRect,//右下X坐标
int nBottomRect, //右下Y坐标
int nWidth, //生成圆角的椭圆的宽度
int nHeight );//生成圆角的椭圆的高度


 1.10 椭圆和圆
   BOOL Ellipse( HDC hdc,
   int nLeftRect, //外切矩形左上X坐标
   int nTopRect,//外切矩形左上Y坐标
   int nRightRect, //外切矩形右下X坐标
   int nBottomRect); //外切矩形右下Y坐标


 1.11 饼Pie
   BOOL Pie( HDC hdc, 
   int nLeftRect, //外切矩形左上X坐标
int nTopRect, //外切矩形左上Y坐标
   int nRightRect,  //外切矩形右下X坐标
   int nBottomRect, //外切矩形右下Y坐标
   int nXRadial1,//切割起始半径X坐标
   int nYRadial1,//切割起始半径Y坐标
   int nXRadial2,//切割终止半径X坐标
   int nYRadial2 );//切割终止半径Y坐标


 1.12 弦
   BOOL Chord( HDC hdc, 
   int nLeftRect, //外切矩形左上X坐标
int nTopRect, //外切矩形左上Y坐标
   int nRightRect,  //外切矩形右下X坐标
   int nBottomRect, //外切矩形右下Y坐标
   int nXRadial1,//切割起始半径X坐标
   int nYRadial1,//切割起始半径Y坐标
   int nXRadial2,//切割终止半径X坐标
   int nYRadial2 );//切割终止半径Y坐标


 1.13 多边形
   BOOL Polygon( HDC hdc,
CONST POINT *lpPoints, //多边形的顶点
int nCount ); //顶点的数量
   PolyPolygon 可以绘制多组多边形

GDI绘图对象 - 画笔

2.1 画笔的作用
  可以控制线条的颜色、样式、宽度。
2.2 画笔的使用
  2.2.1 创建画笔 CreatePen
HPEN CreatePen(
int fnPenStyle, //画笔的样式
 int nWidth, //画笔的宽度
COLORREF crColor);//画笔的颜色
  2.2.2 置成当前DC可以使用的画笔
HGDIOBJ SelectObject(
 HDC hdc, // 当前DC的句柄
 HGDIOBJ hgdiobj );//要使用的GDI对象句柄
返回当前DC原来使用的同类型的GDI对象句柄。
  2.2.3 绘制图形
  2.2.4 从当前DC中取出画笔,即将旧画笔
放入当前DC中
SelectObject( hDC, hOldPen );
  2.2.5 销毁画笔
DeleteObject( hPen );
画笔使用时，由于绘图资源有限，一定要
注意释放。

GDI绘图对象 -画刷

3.1 画刷的作用

  填充封闭图形，包括样式、颜色等。

3.2 画刷的使用

  3.2.1 创建画刷

 CreateSolidBrush 创建实心画刷

 CreateHatchBrush 创建阴影线的画刷

  3.2.2 置成当前DC可以使用的画刷

 SelectObject 和画笔使用方式类似

  3.2.3 绘制图形

  3.2.4 取出画刷

 SelectObject 和画笔使用方式类似

  3.2.5 销毁画刷

 DeleteObject 和画笔使用方式类似

// WinDraw.cpp : Defines the entry point for the application.//#include "stdafx.h"#include "stdio.h"#include "resource.h"HINSTANCE g_hInst     = NULL;int       g_nDrawType = 0;COLORREF  g_nPenColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 );int  g_nPenStyle = PS_SOLID;int       g_nPenWdith = 1;COLORREF  g_nBrushColor = RGB( 255, 255, 255 );int       g_nBrushStyle = 0xFFFFFFFF;void DrawPixel( HDC hDC ){COLORREF nColor = RGB( 0, 0, 0 );SetPixel( hDC, 100, 100, nColor );}void GetPixelColor( HDC hDC ){//获取点的颜色COLORREF nColor = GetPixel( hDC, 100, 100 );//获取颜色的三色值int nRed   = GetRValue( nColor );int nGreen = GetGValue( nColor );int nBlue  = GetBValue( nColor );CHAR szText[260] = { 0 };sprintf( szText, "COLOR=%08X, RED=%d GREEN=%d BLUE=%d",nColor, nRed, nGreen, nBlue );MessageBox( NULL, szText, "WinDraw", MB_OK );}void DrawLine( HDC hDC ){MoveToEx( hDC, 0, 0, NULL );LineTo( hDC, 500, 500 );MoveToEx( hDC, 500, 0, NULL );LineTo( hDC, 0, 500 );}void DrawArc( HDC hDC ){//逆时针的方式SetArcDirection( hDC, AD_COUNTERCLOCKWISE );//通过外切矩形和切割线Arc( hDC, 400, 200, 500, 300,500, 200, 400, 200);//顺时针的方式SetArcDirection( hDC, AD_CLOCKWISE );Arc( hDC, 500, 200, 600, 300,600, 200, 500, 200);MoveToEx( hDC, 200, 200, NULL );//指定圆心和角度AngleArc( hDC, 200, 200, 100,60, 240 );LineTo( hDC, 200, 200 );}void DrawPolyLine( HDC hDC ){POINT ptPolyLine[7] = { 0 };ptPolyLine[0].x = 100;ptPolyLine[0].y = 100;ptPolyLine[1].x = 200;ptPolyLine[1].y = 100;ptPolyLine[2].x = 200;ptPolyLine[2].y = 200;ptPolyLine[3].x = 300;ptPolyLine[3].y = 200;ptPolyLine[4].x = 300;ptPolyLine[4].y = 300;ptPolyLine[5].x = 400;ptPolyLine[5].y = 300;ptPolyLine[6].x = 400;ptPolyLine[6].y = 400;//Polyline( hDC, ptPolyLine, 7 );//PolylineTo( hDC, ptPolyLine, 3 );DWORD nGroup[] = { 4, 3 };PolyPolyline( hDC, ptPolyLine,nGroup, 2 );}void DrawBizer( HDC hDC ){POINT ptBizer[7] = { 0 };ptBizer[0].x = 100; //端点ptBizer[0].y = 100; //ptBizer[1].x = 100; //控制点ptBizer[1].y = 50;  //ptBizer[2].x = 300; //控制点ptBizer[2].y = 150; //ptBizer[3].x = 300; //端点ptBizer[3].y = 100; //ptBizer[4].x = 300; //控制点ptBizer[4].y = 400;ptBizer[5].x = 400; //控制点ptBizer[5].y = 200;ptBizer[6].x = 500; //端点ptBizer[6].y = 300;PolyBezier( hDC, ptBizer, 7 );MoveToEx( hDC, ptBizer[0].x, ptBizer[0].y, NULL );LineTo( hDC, ptBizer[1].x, ptBizer[1].y );MoveToEx( hDC, ptBizer[3].x, ptBizer[3].y, NULL );LineTo( hDC, ptBizer[2].x, ptBizer[2].y );}void DrawPolyDraw( HDC hDC ){POINT ptDraw[4] = { 0 };ptDraw[0].x = 100;ptDraw[0].y = 100;ptDraw[1].x = 200;ptDraw[1].y = 100;ptDraw[2].x = 200;ptDraw[2].y = 200;ptDraw[3].x = 300;ptDraw[3].y = 200;BYTE ptType[4] = {0};ptType[0] = PT_MOVETO;ptType[1] = PT_LINETO;ptType[2] = PT_MOVETO;ptType[3] = PT_LINETO;PolyDraw( hDC, ptDraw, ptType, 4 );}void DrawRect( HDC hDC ){//矩形Rectangle( hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200 );//带圆角矩形RoundRect( hDC, 300, 100, 400, 200, 50, 50 );}void DrawEllipse( HDC hDC ){//圆Ellipse( hDC, 100, 100, 200, 200 );//椭圆Ellipse( hDC, 300, 100, 500, 200 );}void DrawPie( HDC hDC ){Pie( hDC, 100, 100, 500, 400,500, 100, 100, 100 );}void DrawChord( HDC hDC ){Chord( hDC, 100, 100, 500, 400,500, 100, 100, 100 );}void DrawPloygon( HDC hDC ){POINT ptPloygon[4] = { 0 };ptPloygon[0].x = 100;ptPloygon[0].y = 100;ptPloygon[1].x = 200;ptPloygon[1].y = 100;ptPloygon[3].x = 600;ptPloygon[3].y = 300;ptPloygon[2].x = 500;ptPloygon[2].y = 300;Polygon( hDC, ptPloygon, 4 );}void OnPaint( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){PAINTSTRUCT ps = { 0 };HDC hDC = BeginPaint( hWnd, &ps );//创建画笔HPEN hPen = CreatePen( g_nPenStyle, g_nPenWdith, g_nPenColor );//设置画笔到当前DCHPEN hOldPen = (HPEN)SelectObject( hDC, hPen );//创建画刷HBRUSH hBrush = NULL;if( g_nBrushStyle == 0xFFFFFFFF ){hBrush = CreateSolidBrush( g_nBrushColor );}else{hBrush = CreateHatchBrush( g_nBrushStyle, g_nBrushColor );}//设置画刷到当前DCHBRUSH hOldBrush = (HBRUSH)SelectObject( hDC, hBrush );//绘制图形switch( g_nDrawType ){case ID_SETPIXEL:DrawPixel( hDC );break;case ID_GETPIXEL:GetPixelColor( hDC );break;case ID_LINE:DrawLine( hDC );break;case ID_ARC:DrawArc( hDC );break;case ID_POLYLINE:DrawPolyLine( hDC );break;case ID_DRAWBIZER:DrawBizer( hDC );break;case ID_POLYDRAW:DrawPolyDraw( hDC );break;case ID_RECT:DrawRect( hDC );break;case ID_ELLIPSE:DrawEllipse( hDC );break;case ID_PIE:DrawPie( hDC );break;case ID_CHORD:DrawChord( hDC );break;case ID_POLYGON:DrawPloygon( hDC );break;}//取出画刷SelectObject( hDC, hOldBrush );//删除画刷DeleteObject( hBrush );//取出画笔SelectObject( hDC, hOldPen );//销毁画笔DeleteObject( hPen );EndPaint( hWnd, &ps );}void OnCommand( HWND hWnd, UINT nMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam ){int nCmdID = LOWORD( wParam );switch( nCmdID ){case ID_SETPIXEL:case ID_GETPIXEL:case ID_LINE:case ID_ARC:case ID_POLYLINE:case ID_DRAWBIZER:case ID_POLYDRAW:case ID_RECT:case ID_ELLIPSE:case ID_PIE:case ID_CHORD:case ID_POLYGON://保存绘制图形类型g_nDrawType = nCmdID;//刷新窗口InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );break;case ID_REDPEN://保存画笔颜色g_nPenColor = RGB( 255, 0, 0 );InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );break;case ID_PSDASH:g_nPenStyle = PS_DASH;InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );break;case ID_PEN5:g_nPenWdith = 5;InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );break;case ID_PEN1:g_nPenWdith = 1;InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );break;case ID_REDBRUSH:g_nBrushColor = RGB( 255, 0, 0 );InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );break;case ID_SOLIDBRUSH:g_nBrushStyle = 0xFFFFFFFF;InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );break;case ID_HSDIAGCROSS:g_nBrushStyle = HS_DIAGCROSS;InvalidateRect( hWnd, NULL, TRUE );break;case ID_EXIT:PostQuitMessage( 0 );break;}}LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc( HWND   hWnd,   UINT   nMsg,  WPARAM wParam,  LPARAM lParam ){switch( nMsg ){case WM_PAINT:OnPaint( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );break;case WM_COMMAND:OnCommand( hWnd, nMsg, wParam, lParam );break;case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage( 0 );return 0;}return DefWindowProc( hWnd, nMsg,wParam, lParam );}BOOL RegisterWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ){WNDCLASSEX wce = { 0 };wce.cbSize        = sizeof( wce );wce.cbClsExtra    = 0;wce.cbWndExtra    = 0;wce.hbrBackground = HBRUSH(COLOR_BTNFACE+1);wce.hCursor       = NULL;wce.hIcon         = NULL;wce.hIconSm       = NULL;wce.hInstance     = g_hInst;wce.lpfnWndProc   = WndProc;wce.lpszClassName = pszClassName;wce.lpszMenuName  = NULL;wce.style         = CS_HREDRAW|CS_VREDRAW;ATOM nAtom = RegisterClassEx( &wce );if( 0 ==  nAtom ){return FALSE;}return TRUE;}HWND CreateWnd( LPSTR pszClassName ){HMENU hMenu = LoadMenu( g_hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDR_MAIN) );HWND hWnd = CreateWindowEx( 0,pszClassName, "MyWnd", WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,CW_USEDEFAULT, NULL, hMenu, g_hInst,NULL );return hWnd;}void DisplayWnd( HWND hWnd ){ShowWindow( hWnd, SW_SHOW );UpdateWindow( hWnd );}void Message( ){MSG msg = { 0 };while( GetMessage( &msg, NULL, 0, 0 ) ){TranslateMessage( &msg );DispatchMessage( &msg );}}int APIENTRY WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,                     HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,                     LPSTR     lpCmdLine,                     int       nCmdShow){g_hInst = hInstance;RegisterWnd( "MYWND" );HWND hWnd = CreateWnd( "MYWND" );DisplayWnd( hWnd );Message( );return 0;}